Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a compound that is useful as a hole transport material for providing a device for converting light into electricity that is capable of extracting current with high efficiency, and a device for converting light into electricity and a solar cell that include the compound in a hole transport layer and have favorable light/electricity conversion characteristics. The present invention provides a compound represented by the general formula (1) below. In the formula, R1 to R20 each represent a hydrogen atom, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or the like, and Y represents an oxygen atom or CR21R22, where R21 and R22 each represent a nitrile group, an acyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or the like.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a nonostructure, which enables cylindrical pores arrayed according to any periodic pattern to be easily made on a substrate over a large area at a low cost in a short period of time. The method of manufacturing a structure having such pores includes the steps of preparing a substrate having recesses in its surface, providing a film on the surface of the substrate and anodizing the film.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a nonostructure, which enables cylindrical pores arrayed according to any periodic pattern to be easily made on a substrate over a large area at a low cost in a short period of time. The method of manufacturing a structure having such pores includes the steps of preparing a substrate having recesses in its surface, providing a film on the surface of the substrate and anodizing the film.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a nanostructure which enables cylindrical pores arrayed according to any periodic pattern to be easily made on a substrate through a large area at a low cost in a short time. The method of manufacturing a structure having such pores has the steps of preparing a substrate having recesses in its surface, providing a film on a surface of the substrate, and anodizing the film.