Abstract: A 5000-series aluminum alloy expanded material which does not undergo the occurrence of welding cracks even when the aluminum alloy expanded material is subjected to high-speed welding utilizing laser welding or the like; a welding-joined body comprising the aluminum alloy expanded material; and a method for efficiently welding the aluminum alloy expanded material. An aluminum alloy expanded material for welding use, which is characterized by having an Mg content of 0.2% by mass or more and less than 6.0% by mass, and containing a surface active element capable of reducing the surface tension of molten aluminum, in which the surface active element comprises at least one element selected from Sr, Ca, Sb, Li and Ba, and the content of the surface active element is 0.08 to 0.50% by mass inclusive.

Abstract: A wrought 6000-series aluminum alloy material which is suppressed in weld cracking even in cases where high-speed welding is performed by means of laser welding or the like; a welded body which contains the wrought aluminum alloy material; and an efficient welding method for the wrought aluminum alloy material. A wrought aluminum alloy material for welding, the wrought aluminum alloy material being characterized in that: the Si content is not less than 0.3% by mass but less than 2.0% by mass; the Mg content is not less than 0.3% by mass but less than 2.0% by mass; a surface active element which decreases the surface tension of molten aluminum is contained therein; the surface active element is at least one of Sr, Ca, Sb, Li and Ba; and the content of the surface active element is from 0.04% by mass to 0.50% by mass.

Abstract: A master cylinder includes a seal defining a feeding channel and an exterior of a cylinder main body having an inner circumferential lip portion which protrudes from a toric base portion and comes into sliding contact with an outer circumferential surface of a piston, and an outer circumferential lip portion which abuts a circumferential groove of the cylinder main body. The inner circumferential lip portion has a length in a piston axis direction longer than the outer circumferential lip portion. The circumferential groove has an inclined surface portion formed in a circumferential wall on the feeding channel side such that a groove width increases from a groove bottom portion toward a groove opening portion.

Abstract: Provided is a master cylinder unit including a simulator pressure chamber which communicates with a pressure chamber of a master cylinder and moves a simulator piston by means of an introduced fluid pressure; a biasing chamber in which a biasing mechanism biasing the simulator piston against a fluid pressure introduced into the simulator pressure chamber is disposed; a first seal member which partitions a simulator supply chamber, the simulator supply chamber, and the simulator pressure chamber communicating with a master supply chamber; and a second seal member which partitions the simulator supply chamber and the biasing chamber and allows a brake fluid to flow from the simulator supply chamber to the biasing chamber when a pressure difference occurs between the simulator supply chamber and the biasing chamber.

Abstract: A master cylinder includes a seal defining a feeding channel and an exterior of a cylinder main body having an inner circumferential lip portion which protrudes from a toric base portion and comes into sliding contact with an outer circumferential surface of a piston, and an outer circumferential lip portion which abuts a circumferential groove of the cylinder main body. The inner circumferential lip portion has a length in a piston axis direction longer than the outer circumferential lip portion. The circumferential groove has an inclined surface portion formed in a circumferential wall on the feeding channel side such that a groove width increases from a groove bottom portion toward a groove opening portion.

Abstract: Provided is a master cylinder unit including a communication path that causes a master cylinder and a stroke simulator to communicate with each other. The stroke simulator includes a bottomed tube-shaped simulator piston and a simulator cylinder in which a simulator piston slides. The simulator piston is such that a bottom portion of the simulator cylinder and an opening portion of the simulator piston face each other. The communication path is open over an outer circumferential portion and an inner circumferential portion of the opening portion of the simulator piston, is connected to the bottom portion of the simulator cylinder, and is provided such that the communication path extends upward in a vertical direction from the bottom portion of the simulator cylinder as approaching to a pressure chamber.

Abstract: In a master cylinder, a piston seal provided in a circumferential groove includes an annular base section, an inner circumferential lip section protruding from an inner circumferential side of the base section to come into sliding contact with an outer circumferential surfaced of a piston, an outer circumferential lip section protruding from an outer circumferential side of the base section to abut the circumferential groove, and an intermediate protrusion section protruding from a portion between the inner circumferential lip section and the outer circumferential lip section of the base section to a position further forward than the outer circumferential lip section. At least one inner circumferential side groove extending in an axial direction and opened at a front end side of the intermediate protrusion section is formed in a surface of the inner circumferential lip section side of the intermediate protrusion section.

Abstract: Provided are a brake apparatus, a brake system, and a master cylinder that can accurately detect a movement amount of a piston while reducing manufacturing cost. A brake apparatus includes a master cylinder housing including a cylinder therein, a piston provided inside the cylinder and movable in a direction of an axial line of the cylinder, a magnet provided, inside the cylinder, partially in a circumferential direction of the piston, which is a direction around the axial line, and configured to be displaced according to a movement of the piston, a detection portion provided on the master cylinder housing and configured to detect a movement amount of the piston, and a rotation restriction mechanism provided inside the cylinder and configured to restrict a movement of the magnet in the circumferential direction.

Abstract: Provided is a master cylinder unit including a communication path that causes a master cylinder and a stroke simulator to communicate with each other. The stroke simulator includes a bottomed tube-shaped simulator piston and a simulator cylinder in which a simulator piston slides. The simulator piston is such that a bottom portion of the simulator cylinder and an opening portion of the simulator piston face each other. The communication path is open over an outer circumferential portion and an inner circumferential portion of the opening portion of the simulator piston, is connected to the bottom portion of the simulator cylinder, and is provided such that the communication path extends upward in a vertical direction from the bottom portion of the simulator cylinder as approaching to a pressure chamber.

Abstract: Provided is a master cylinder unit including a simulator pressure chamber which communicates with a pressure chamber of a master cylinder and moves a simulator piston by means of an introduced fluid pressure; a biasing chamber in which a biasing mechanism biasing the simulator piston against a fluid pressure introduced into the simulator pressure chamber is disposed; a first seal member which partitions a simulator supply chamber, the simulator supply chamber, and the simulator pressure chamber communicating with a master supply chamber; and a second seal member which partitions the simulator supply chamber and the biasing chamber and allows a brake fluid to flow from the simulator supply chamber to the biasing chamber when a pressure difference occurs between the simulator supply chamber and the biasing chamber.

Abstract: An input rod is operated by a brake pedal to introduce the air into a variable-pressure chamber through a control valve to propel a power piston, thereby advancing a primary piston to generate a brake fluid pressure in a master cylinder. A part of the reaction force from the fluid pressure is transmitted to the input rod through a reaction member. The primary piston is provided with an idle stroke in which no fluid pressure is generated, and the reaction force to be transmitted to a plunger is limited by a reaction force adjusting spring. In the region of the idle stroke, a fluid pressure is supplied to a wheel cylinder through a fluid pressure control unit to perform regenerative cooperative control, and a reaction force from a reaction spring is applied to the input rod.

Abstract: In a master cylinder, a piston seal provided in a circumferential groove includes an annular base section, an inner circumferential lip section protruding from an inner circumferential side of the base section to come into sliding contact with an outer circumferential surfaced of a piston, an outer circumferential lip section protruding from an outer circumferential side of the base section to abut the circumferential groove, and an intermediate protrusion section protruding from a portion between the inner circumferential lip section and the outer circumferential lip section of the base section to a position further forward than the outer circumferential lip section. At least one inner circumferential side groove extending in an axial direction and opened at a front end side of the intermediate protrusion section is formed in a surface of the inner circumferential lip section side of the intermediate protrusion section.

Abstract: A high strength hot rolled steel sheet having a tensile strength of 780 MPa or more is produced by specifying the composition to contain C: more than 0.035% and 0.07% or less, Si: 0.3% or less, Mn: more than 0.35% and 0.7% or less, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.03% or less, Al: 0.1% or less, N: 0.01% or less, Ti: 0.135% or more and 0.235% or less, and the remainder composed of Fe and incidental impurities, on a percent by mass basis, in such a way that C, S, N, and Ti satisfy ((Ti?(48/14)N?(48/32)S)/48)/(C/12)<1.0 (C, S, N, and Ti: content of the respective elements (percent by mass)) and specifying the microstructure in such a way that a matrix includes more than 95% of ferritic phase on an area fraction basis and fine Ti carbides having an average grain size of less than 10 nm are precipitated in the grains of the above-described ferritic phase.

Abstract: An input rod is operated by a brake pedal to introduce the air into a variable-pressure chamber through a control valve to propel a power piston, thereby advancing a primary piston to generate a brake fluid pressure in a master cylinder. A part of the reaction force from the fluid pressure is transmitted to the input rod through a reaction member. The primary piston is provided with an idle stroke in which no fluid pressure is generated, and the reaction force to be transmitted to a plunger is limited by a reaction force adjusting spring. In the region of the idle stroke, a fluid pressure is supplied to a wheel cylinder through a fluid pressure control unit to perform regenerative cooperative control, and a reaction force from a reaction spring is applied to the input rod.

Abstract: By changing methods from the conventional method in which a plurality of bar codes are arranged in the space for use to the method of the invention in which a plurality of bar codes are used according to time, so that the conventional bar codes which are displayed in a fixed fashion are changed over to dynamic bar codes which are displayed dynamically, a dynamic bar code display apparatus for displaying bar codes which are difficult to be copied and which increases the volume of data of the bar codes, a dynamic bar code generation method and a storage medium which generates dynamic bar codes can be provided. The bar code display apparatus comprises a storage means in which bar code images are stored, a display means for displaying at least two or more bar codes continuously and a control means for controlling the display means.

Abstract: Information indicating image data and the number of times (the number of votes) the image data was found upon search are managed in an image management unit in correspondence with each other in units of image data stored in an image storage unit. A search condition is input from a user interface, and image data matching the input search conditions are searched for. The numbers of votes for the obtained image data are acquired from the image management unit, and the obtained image data are sorted and displayed on a search result notifying unit on the basis of the acquired numbers of votes.

Abstract: A Coriolis type mass flowmeter utilizing a measuring tube through which flows the fluid being examined and a pair of Coriolis signals generated thereby, wherein are provided a first and second A/D converter to convert the respective pair of Coriolis signals into respective digital signals; a first and second phase shifter for converting the respective digital signals to output signals each deviated from the respective digital signals by 90.degree.; a timing clock generator for supplying the first and second A/D converter with timing signals which are independent of vibrations of the Coriolis signals, and trigonometric calculating device for obtaining tan .PHI. using the following equation: tan .PHI.=(bc-ad)/(ac+bd), wherein a and c represent the outputs from the A/D converters, and b and d represent the outputs from the phase shifters, and tan .PHI.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a diode having a Schottky barrier and a MOS transistor integrally formed in one and the same semiconductor substrate in which the diode and MOS transistor have their main electrode in common use. The diode has a first diode portion having a pn junction in a current-passing direction and a second diode portion having a combination of the Schottky barrier and another pn junction in the current passing direction.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is provided wherein a first diode having a pn junction and a second diode having a combination of a Schottky barrier and a pn junction in a current-passing direction are provided side by side in a direction perpendicular to the current-passing direction. When a forward current with a current density J.sub.F is passed into the second diode, the relation ##EQU1## is established in a forward voltage V.sub.F range of 0.1 (V) to 0.3 (V), where k represents the Boltzmann constant (.apprxeq.1.38.times.10.sup.-23 J/K), T represents the absolute temperature, and q represents the quantity of electron charges (.apprxeq.1.6.times.10.sup.-19 C).

Abstract: A semiconductor device has a first diode having a pn junction and a second diode having a combination of a Schottky barrier and a pn junction in a current-passing direction provided side by side in a direction perpendicular to the current-passing direction. When a forward current with a current density J.sub.F is passed into the second diodes, the relation ##EQU1## is established in a forward voltage V.sub.F range of 0.1 (V) to 0.3 (V), where k represents the Boltzmann constant, T represents the absolute temperature, and q represents the quantity of electron charges.