Abstract: A photoelectric conversion circuit includes: a photoelectric conversion element having one end to which bias voltage is applied and the other end from which photo current according to an amount of received light is output; and a photo current detecting unit clamping voltage of the other end of the photoelectric conversion element to a predetermined potential and detecting the photo current.

Abstract: A light guide plate (30) includes a body portion (40), and a plurality of unit shaped elements (50) defining a light exit surface (31) and arranged on one-side surface (41) of the body portion side by side in an arrangement direction intersecting a light guide direction. Each unit shaped element extends in a direction intersecting the arrangement direction. A light exit surface angle ?a, which is the angle of the contour (51) of each unit shaped element with respect to the one-side surface, is more than 10° and not more than 30° in a zone of the contour of each unit shaped element, the width of the zone along the arrangement direction being not less than 35% and not more than 70% of the full width of the unit shaped element.

Abstract: A light guide plate includes a body portion, first unit optical elements extending on the body portion in the light guide direction, and second unit optical elements disposed in between the first unit optical elements on the body portion. The width of each first unit optical element gradually decreases from that at the center to that at each end in the light guide direction. The ratio of the height to the width in each first unit optical element at the center is higher than the ratio of the height to the width in each second unit optical element.

Abstract: An optical module (20) includes a polarizing plate (40) and a light emitter (26) disposed in a position facing the polarizing plate. The polarizing plate includes a polarizer (41) and a protective film (50) joined to the polarizer (41). The protective film has a light control function that changes the traveling direction of light. The light emitter is disposed in a position directly facing the protective film of the polarizing plate.

Abstract: A fiber optical device 1A includes an amplification optical fiber 10, a seed light source 15 for supplying pulse seed light to the optical fiber 10, excitation light sources 21 to 25 for supplying excitation light, a bleaching light source 40 for supplying bleaching light for reducing a light transmission loss caused by photodarkening, and a control device 50 that controls the operations of individual portions. The control device 50 divides a period between a first output light pulse and a succeeding second output light pulse into a first period which includes a time point immediately after the output of the first output light pulse and during which the population inversion is unsaturated, and a second period which includes a time point immediately before the output of the second output light pulse, and, to the optical fiber 10, supplies the bleaching light in the first period and supplies the excitation light in the second period.

Abstract: The present invention provides a display device which can ensure a large viewing angle while maintaining high light source energy use efficiency. The display device 10, which outputs light emitted from a light source 25 to an observer side in a form of an image, comprises: a light guide plate 21 which has a light output face, a back face, and a side face positioned between the light output face and the back face; a light source 25 which emits light to the side face of the light guide plate; an optical sheet 30 disposed on the observer side of the light guide plate; a liquid crystal panel 15 disposed on the observer side of the optical sheet; and a device 40 for enlarging a view disposed on the observer side of the liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: A light guide plate shaped substantially like a plate includes a light incident surface, a light exit surface and a reflective surface, which is opposite to the light exit surface, configured to reflect light toward the light exit surface. A plurality of optical units is arranged along the reflective surface in a direction orthogonal to the light incident surface. Each optical unit is shaped substantially like a quadratic prism that is convex toward the reflective surface and has a top surface and two slopes being formed opposite to each other with respect to the top surface. A dimension of the top surface is constant in a direction of arrangement of the optical units and an interval between adjacent optical units becomes greater as the adjacent optical units lie further away from the light incident surface in the direction of arrangement of the optical units.

Abstract: The present invention provides a gene participating in the low temperature germinability in rice and utilization of the same, and the invention relates to a gene for a low temperature germinability which is an isolated qLTG-3-1 gene from the rice line Italica Livorno, has low temperature germinability and has the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1; an amino acid sequence encoded by the gene; a transgenic plant transformed with the gene for the low temperature germinability to improve the low temperature germinability; a method of analyzing low temperature germinability, including analyzing the low temperature germinability of a cultivar by comparing the base sequence of the gene for the low temperature germinability with the genotype of the cultivar; a method of improving the low temperature germinability of rice, including transforming the gene for the low temperature germinability into a rice cultivar to improve the low temperature germinability of the cultivar under low temperature conditions; and a method of a

Abstract: A light guide plate (30) has a light exit surface (30a), a back surface (30b) opposed to the light exit surface, and a light entrance surface (30c) consisting of at least part of a side surface. The light guide plate has a body portion (40), and a light exit-side layer (50) formed from an ionizing radiation curable resin. The light exit-side layer includes an optical element portion (54) which defines the light exit surface. The optical element portion includes unit shaped elements (55) arranged in one direction intersecting a light guide direction, each unit shaped element extending linearly in a direction intersecting the one direction.

Abstract: A surface light source device has a light emitting surface and includes a light guide plate 30 having a light exit surface and a pair of light entrance surfaces 33, 34. When the angular distribution of luminance in a plane parallel to a first direction is measured on the light emitting surface at varying positions along the first direction, the peak angle ?c in the angular distribution of luminance at a center position Pc in the first direction lies between the peak angle ?a in the angular distribution of luminance at an end position on one side in the first direction and the peak angle ?b in the angular distribution of luminance at an end position on the other side in the first direction.

Abstract: An image recording system includes an image supply apparatus compatible with a first image recording service standard, an image recording apparatus compatible with a second image recording service standard, and a conversion apparatus connected, as a pseudo image recording apparatus compatible with the first standard, to the image supply apparatus via a communication medium compatible with the first standard and connected, as a pseudo image supply apparatus compatible with the second standard, to the image recording apparatus via a communication medium compatible with the second standard. The conversion apparatus converts a command received from the image supply apparatus into a command complying with the second standard before transmitting it to the image recording apparatus, and converts a command received from the image recording apparatus or event information relating to an image recording process into a message complying with the first standard before transmitting it to the image supply apparatus.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a novel microalga that produces hydrocarbons available as an alternative fuel to a diesel fuel (light oil). The present invention relates to a novel microalga Pseudochoricystis ellipsoidea having the ability to produce hydrocarbons, and to a process for producing hydrocarbons, characterized by culturing a microalga belonging to the genus Pseudochoricystis or the genus Choricystis having the ability to produce hydrocarbons, and collecting the hydrocarbon from the resulting cultured product.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus for communicating with an external apparatus via a predetermined communication interface including a data signal line and an insertion/removal signal line is provided. The information processing apparatus includes a processing unit for executing an application that a user desires, a communication controlling unit for controlling a communication operation using the predetermined communication interface, at least two communication connectors that comply with the predetermined communication interface, an analog switch for switching between each of the at least two communication connectors and the communication controlling unit, and an interface controlling unit for enabling the data signal line of one of the at least two communication connectors by switching connection to the data signal line using the analog switch so as to cause the communication controlling unit to perform communication with an external apparatus connected to the enabled communication connector.

Abstract: A reflecting screen 10 comprises a base portion 11, light transmitting portions 12 provided on the base portion 11, and light absorbing portions 14. Each of the light transmitting portions 12 comprises a unit prism shape 12 which has a generally wedge-like shape with a larger width on the image source side than its width on the rear face side and is arranged along a screen face 10a. A reflecting layer 13 adapted to reflect the image light, which has been transmitted through the unit prism shapes 12, is provided on the rear face side of each unit prism shape 12. Each unit prism shape 12 extends linearly, and each light absorbing portion 14 is arranged between each adjacent pair of the unit prism shapes 12.

Abstract: This invention concerns a voice reproducing apparatus enabling itself to reproduce voice information in units of a vocal chunk while extracting the boundary position of vocal chunks. The apparatus comprises a vocal chunk extraction block (802) for storing address identification information representing the boundary addresses while extracting the boundary address of two of more vocal chunks and a reproducing block (803) for reproducing audio data series (801) of each vocal chunk from a specified reproduction starting point while specifying a starting point of audio data series (801) according to the stored address identification information. Especially, the vocal chunk extracting block (802) extracts a small amplitude zone included in an audio data series (801), selects a small amplitude zone sandwiched between two vocal chunks out of the extracted small amplitude zones, and specifies the boundary address of the two vocal chunks in the selected small amplitude zone as an address identification information.

Abstract: A fiber optical device 1A includes an amplification optical fiber 10, a seed light source 15 for supplying pulse seed light to the optical fiber 10, excitation light sources 21 to 25 for supplying excitation light, a bleaching light source 40 for supplying bleaching light for reducing a light transmission loss caused by photodarkening, and a control device 50 that controls the operations of individual portions. The control device 50 divides a period between a first output light pulse and a succeeding second output light pulse into a first period which includes a time point immediately after the output of the first output light pulse and during which the population inversion is unsaturated, and a second period which includes a time point immediately before the output of the second output light pulse, and, to the optical fiber 10, supplies the bleaching light in the first period and supplies the excitation light in the second period.

Abstract: A reflecting screen 10 comprises a base portion 11, light transmitting portions 12 provided on the base portion 11, and light absorbing portions 14. Each of the light transmitting portions 12 comprises a unit prism shape 12 which has a generally wedge-like shape with a larger width on the image source side than its width on the rear face side and is arranged along a screen face 10a. A reflecting layer 13 adapted to reflect the image light, which has been transmitted through the unit prism shapes 12, is provided on the rear face side of each unit prism shape 12. Each unit prism shape 2 extends linearly, and each light absorbing portion 14 is arranged between each adjacent pair of the unit prism shapes 12.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion circuit (P11-Pmn) includes: a photoelectric conversion element (PD) having one end to which bias voltage is applied and the other end from which photo current according to an amount of received light is output; and a photo current detecting unit (11-13) clamping voltage of the other end of the photoelectric conversion element (PD) to a predetermined potential and detecting the photo current.

Abstract: An automatic transmissions control system varies times to start a shift to securing a good response in engagement pressure for an engagement-side frictional element as well as suppressing occurrence of hydraulic pressure vibrations at low temperatures.

Abstract: A gas monitoring apparatus capable of real-time detection of a kind of chemical warfare agent, namely diphenylcyanoarsine (DC) and/or diphenylchloroarsine (DA). Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry is carried out in the positive ionization mode, the total amount of DC and DA is determined from the intensity of an ion common to DC and DA, the DC concentration is determined from the intensity of an ion specific to DC, and the difference between them is regarded as the DA concentration.