Abstract: A system includes a region data module and a planning module. The region data module acquires excavation region data and embankment region data. The excavation region data indicates positions of a plurality of excavation regions at a work site. The embankment region data indicates positions of a plurality of embankment regions at the work site. The planning module determines, as a construction plan, a construction sequence and a target travel path including a combination of a plurality of travel paths connecting the excavation regions and the embankment regions while taking into account a change in a topography at the work site.

Abstract: A paper punch apparatus comprising a flange-storing space for storing the flange portion in an elevating unit, an insertion/removal portion for insertably supporting a supporting axis of a bit reception plate in communication with the flange portion, and a bit-reception-plate engagement/disengagement portion for engagement/disengagement with respect to the flange portion of the bit reception plate in the flange-storing space, so that the bit reception plate can be parallelly and linearly inserted/detached with respect to the elevating unit, insertion/detachment can be steadily and securely performed at all times, whereby the apparatus is simple in structure, inexpensive, and excellent in, for example, paper punch functions, handling functions for a hole punch bit(s), bit reception plate(s), punched-paper-scrap discharge functions, and punch-position adjustment functions, and further the punch apparatus enables quality improvement, cost reduction, and the like to be implemented.

Abstract: A paper punch apparatus comprising a flange-storing space for storing the flange portion in an elevating unit, an insertion/removal portion for insertably supporting a supporting axis of a bit reception plate in communication with the flange portion, and a bit-reception-plate engagement/disengagement portion for engagement/disengagement with respect to the flange portion of the bit reception plate in the flange-storing space, so that the bit reception plate can be parallelly and linearly inserted/detached with respect to the elevating unit, insertion/detachment can be steadily and securely performed at all times, whereby the apparatus is simple in structure, inexpensive, and excellent in, for example, paper punch functions, handling functions for a hole punch bit(s), bit reception plate(s), punched-paper-scrap discharge functions, and punch-position adjustment functions, and further the punch apparatus enables quality improvement, cost reduction, and the like to be implemented.

Abstract: A holder and a support member for mounting a blade to a perforator are provided. The holder is composed of a blade, a two-position switching member, and a mounting member. The holder is assembled detachably to the support member along the external shape of the mounting member by operating the two-position switching member. The two-position switching member has an elastic compression member between it and the mounting member to impart elasticity to the operation, and has also an engaging section to fit into a groove in the support member, thereby ensuring the engaged state of the holder. The support member 150 includes a groove for mounting the blade and a clearance groove for punch cuttings above the groove.

Abstract: A paper punch apparatus comprising a flange-storing space for storing the flange portion in an elevating unit, an insertion/removal portion for insertably supporting a supporting axis of a bit reception plate in communication with the flange portion, and a bit-reception-plate engagement/disengagement portion for engagement/disengagement with respect to the flange portion of the bit reception plate in the flange-storing space, so that the bit reception plate can be parallelly and linearly inserted/detached with respect to the elevating unit, insertion/detachment can be steadily and securely performed at all times, whereby the apparatus is simple in structure, inexpensive, and excellent in, for example, paper punch functions, handling functions for a hole punch bit(s), bit reception plate(s), punched-paper-scrap discharge functions, and punch-position adjustment functions, and further the punch apparatus enables quality improvement, cost reduction, and the like to be implemented.

Abstract: When a bit reception plate is moved to an upper-end bit tip portion of a hole punch bit, a paper-stacking base supported by parallel link mechanisms by using a pressure force of the bit reception plate descends while maintaining a horizontal and parallel state. While paper (not shown) placed on the paper-stacking base is being intensively held by the bit reception plate and the paper-stacking base, the paper is abutted in a straight state with respect to an upper-end bit tip portion of the hole punch bit, whereby a desired number of holes can be punched into the paper. Excellent punch function, and smooth and stable discharge function of punched paper scraps with simple and inexpensive structure are secured.

Abstract: A holder and a support member for mounting a blade to a perforator are provided. The holder is composed of a blade, a two-position switching member, and a mounting member. The holder is assembled detachably to the support member along the external shape of the mounting member by operating the two-position switching member. The two-position switching member has an elastic compression member between it and the mounting member to impart elasticity to the operation, and has also an engaging section to fit into a groove in the support member, thereby ensuring the engaged state of the holder. The support member 150 includes a groove for mounting the blade and a clearance groove for punch cuttings above the groove.

Abstract: An aqueous fluorine-containing polymer dispersion having particle diameters of 0.05-3 .mu.m, which is obtainable by emulsion-polymerizing 5-95 parts by weight of a monomer mixture consisting of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of alkyl acrylates whose alkyl groups have 1-18 carbon atoms and alkyl methacrylates whose alkyl groups have 1-18 carbon atoms and optionally an ethylenically unsaturated compound copolymerizable with the alkyl acrylates and the alkyl methacrylates, in an aqueous medium in the presence of 100 parts by weight of particles of a vinylidene fluoride polymer; and an aqueous dispersion containing a fluorine-containing polymer which consists essentially of 95-30 parts by weight (in terms of solids content) of said aqueous fluorine-containing polymer dispersion and 5-70 parts by weight (in terms of solids content) of an aqueous dispersion of a water-soluble resin and/or a water-dispersible resin.

Abstract: Polymer particles prepared by polymerizing polymerizable monomers by seed polymerization, with far more excellent polymerization stability than conventional seed polymerization processes, in the presence of a polymer emulsion comprising low molecular weight polymer particles, radically polymerizable in an aqueous system. The polymer particles are present in an amount of 0.5-30 parts by weight (on solid basis) per 100 parts by weight of polymerizable monomers, have a weight average molecular weight of 500-10,000 and are prepared by emulsion polymerization or soap-free polymerization. The seed polymerization is carried out by initially charging less than 30% by weight of said polymerizable monomers to the polymerization mixture, and after the polymerization conditions are established, by continuously or intermittently adding the remaining portion of said polymerizable monomers to the reaction system.

Abstract: An aqueous pressure-sensitive adhesive consisting essentially of (1) 100 parts by weight (in terms of solids content) of an aqueous copolymer emulsion obtained by emulsion-polymerizing a monomer mixture consisting of 70-99.9% by weight of at least one alkyl (meth)acrylate in which the alkyl group has 4-12 carbon atoms, 0.1-10% by weight of an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid and 0-29.9% by weight of a monomer copolymerizable therewith, (2) 0.1-10 parts by weight of a phosphoric acid ester compound, and (3) a polyglycidyl compound in such an amount that the proportion of the epoxy group in the polyglycidly compound is 0.1-3 equivalents per equivalent of the carboxyl group in the aqueous copolymer. This aqueous pressure-sensitive adhesive has excellent balance in adhesion to adherend, peelability from adherend and anchoring to substrate; and the peelability from adherend is not varied depending upon the type of adherend and does not change with time or by heating.

Abstract: Hollow polymer particles having at least two polymer layers, wherein (1) the particles have an average particle diameter in the range of 0.15 to 20 micrometers, (2) each of the particles has an average equivalent hollow diameter/equivalent particle diameter in the range of 0.2 to 0.8, (3) the proportion of a toluene-insoluble portion of the particles is 20 to 90% by weight, (4) the polymer particles have a melt flow rate at 180.degree. C. under 10 kgf/cm.sup.2 of 0.1 to 1 g/10 min., (5) the inside layer of the two polymer layers is composed of a crosslinked polymer and (6) the outside layer of the two polymer layers is composd of a non-crosslinked polymer. This invention also provides hollow crosslinked polymer particles wherein the proportion of a toluene-insoluble portion of the particles exceeds 85% by weight, the melt flow rate of the polymer particles at 180.degree. C. under 10 kgf/cm.sup.2 is less than 0.2 g/10 min., and the outside layer is composed of a crosslinked polymer.

Abstract: Highly crosslinked polymer particles, which may be porous, consisting essentially of a non-hydrophilic polymer can be produced by adding a polymerizable monomer mixture comprising at least 20% by weight of at least one non-hydrophilic, crosslinking polyvinyl monomer to an aqueous dispersion containing a non-crosslinked, low molecular weight polymer particles having a weight average molecular weight of 500-10,000 as a dispersoid, with a non-reactive solvent in a proportion of not more than 1 part by weight per part by weight of the polymerizable monomer mixture, the proportion of the polymerizable monomer mixture plus the non-reactive solvent to the non-crosslinked, low molecular weight polymer particles being 4 to 20 parts by weight per part by weight of the non-crosslinked, low molecular weight polymer particles, and then subjecting the polymerizable monomer mixture to radical emulsion polymerization with stirring.

Abstract: Microencapsulated particles each consisting of a mother particle of a core substance and a coating layer of daughter particles formed on the surface of said mother particle, which are obtained by stirring mother particles of a core substance having a number average particle diameter of 1 to 200 .mu.m and either or both of daughter particles (1) of a coating layer-forming material having a number average particle diameter of 1/5 of less of that of the mother particles and fragile daughter particles (2) of a coating layer-forming material having a number average particle diameter of more than 1/5 of that of the mother particles but having a fragility index (Fr) as defined in the specification of 5 or more, at a high speed in an air stream. Said microencapsulated particles can be used in various application fields such as coatings, electronic components and electronograph.