Abstract: A magnetic recording medium that is high coersive force, hard to receive influence of thermal fluctuation, and brings about a considerable improvement of S/N ratio, and in which at least an underlayer and a magnetic layer are sequentially laminated on a substrate, wherein a pre-coat layer is interposed between said underlayer and said substrate and said pre-coat layer is constructed by sequentially laminating a lower layer containing Ni and P and an upper layer made of a Cr alloy.

Abstract: In a magnetic recording medium which comprises a substrate (1), a magnetic layer (3) formed on the substrate, a carbon-based protection layer (4) comprising carbon and formed on the magnetic layer, and a lubrication layer (5) formed on the carbon-based protection layer, the carbon-based protection layer comprises a hydrogenated carbon protection layer (4a) facing the magnetic layer and a nitrogenated carbon protection layer (4b) facing the lubrication layer. The hydrogenated carbon protection layer (4a) comprises carbon and hydrogen. The nitrogenated carbon protection layer (4b) includes no hydrogen but comprises carbon and nitrogen.

Abstract: A substrate for an information recording medium has a microwaviness average height Ra′ not greater than 0.05 microinch as measured by a contactless laser interference technique for measurement points within a measurement region of 50 &mgr;m□-4 mm□ on a surface of the substrate.

Abstract: In a magnetic recording medium which includes a base body (1-4), first and second magnetic layers (5 and 7), each being of a ferromagnetic material, and a spacer layer (6) formed between the first and the second magnetic layers for inducing antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between the first and the second magnetic layers, the second magnetic layer located farther from the base body than the first magnetic layer includes a primary layer (72) and a secondary layer (71) located nearer to the base body than the primary layer. The primary layer has a primary anisotropic magnetic field while the secondary layer has a secondary anisotropic magnetic field which is smaller than the primary anisotropic magnetic field. The first magnetic layer is for controlling the antiferromagnetic exchange interaction.

Abstract: By promoting isolation of magnetic grains in a surface of a magnetic layer and by introducing into the magnetic layer such a construction that includes a magnetic flux circuit easy for a recording magnetic field to penetrate into the magnetic layer of a magnetic recording medium, provided is the magnetic recording medium wherein high coercive force can be obtained, and as well an O/W property and an NLTS property can be enhanced, and an S/N ratio can also be enhanced, and resistance to thermal fluctuation is high, and a conventional tradeoff is avoided, and a manufacturing yield is excellent.

Abstract: A substrate for an information recording medium has a microwaviness average height Ra′ not greater than 0.05 microinch as measured by a contactless laser interference technique for measurement points within a measurement region of 50 &mgr;m□-4 mm□ on a surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A substrate for an information recording medium, wherein the period of microwaviness is 2 &mgr;m to 4 mm, and if we let wa be the maximum height of this microwaviness and Rmax be the maximum height measured by atomic force microscope, the main surface of the substrate has a wa of no more than 5 nm and an Rmax of no more than 12 nm, provided that wa is the difference between the highest and lowest points on a measurement curve of all measured points in a measurement area.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium that is high coersive force, hard to receive influence of thermal fluctuation, and brings about a considerable improvement of SIN ratio, and in which at least an underlayer and a magnetic layer are sequentially laminated on a substrate, wherein a pre-coat layer is interposed between said underlayer and said substrate and said pre-coat layer is constructed by sequentially laminating a lower layer containing Ni and P and an upper layer made of a Cr alloy.

Abstract: There are disclosed an information recording medium substrate having a surface roughness of Rmax 15 nm or less, and an information recording medium, particularly an information recording medium substrate and information recording medium in which for surfaces of the substrate and medium, a bearing area value (offset bearing area value) in a depth of 0.5 to 5 nm (predetermined slice level) from a bearing height (real peak height) corresponding to the bearing area value of 0.2% to 1.0% is 90% or less, and a manufacture method of the substrate and medium.

Abstract: In a magnetoresistive thin film head including a magnetoresistive element, lead layers for supplying a sense current to the magnetoresistive element and an insulating layer provided in the vicinity of the magnetoresistive element, the insulating layer is formed of a material which has an electrical resistivity greater than 1.times.10.sup.4 .OMEGA.cm and a thermal conductivity greater than 100 W/(mK). The insulating layer may be formed of silicon, diamond-like carbon or the like so as to have an electrical resistivity and a thermal conductivity within the ranges defined above.

Abstract: An unsaturated group-containing urethane compound of the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X is a C.sub.1-20 alkylene group which may be branched, and R.sup.1 is a group of the following structural formula (A) or (B): ##STR2## wherein each of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 which are independent of each other, is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and Y is a C.sub.1-6 alkylene group which may be branched.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light-sensitive lithographic printing plate which comprises an aluminum plate having a surface subjected to roughening treatment and then anodization treatment and colored by a solution containing a UV absorber so that at an absorption local maximum wavelength between 340 and 450 nm, reflection optical density DS is higher by 0.02 to 0.5 than that obtained when the surface is not colored, and a positive light-sensitive composition layer containing an o-quinonediazide compound and a clathrate compound provided by coating on the aluminum plate after coloration.

Abstract: The powdered form of nuclear fuels such as uranium dioxide and plutonium dioxide are dispersed in an about 3N aqueous nitric acid solution, and irradiated by UV rays at a wavelength of approximately 300 nm in order to improve a dissolving rate of the nuclear fuels. This enables easy and efficient dissolution of the nuclear fuels.

Abstract: In a method of coextracting neptunium and plutonium, a nitric acid solution containing a mixture of neptunium and plutonium is oxidized by irradiation of ultraviolet light. As a result, different valences of neptunium are adjusted all into the valence 6, which can remain in water, and in the meantime, valences of plutonium are adjusted into the valence 4 or 6, which can be extracted in the organic phase. It is therefore possible to coextract neptunium and plutonium without difficulty. The coextracted neptunium and plutonium can be used in forming mixed fuel by blending at least a portion of at least one of neptunium and plutonium which neptunium and plutonium have been formed by separating a nitric acid solution containing neptunium and plutonium by exposing the solution and a reducing agent to ultraviolet radiation to adjust the valences, and extracting the solution using an organic phase to extract plutonium from the solution into the organic phase.

Abstract: A magnetic head slider (1) has a first rail (20) with a first air bearing surface, a second rail (25) with a second air bearing surface and further a third rail (15) with a third air bearing surface. The third rail is formed between the first rail (20) and the second rail (25). On both sides of the third air bearing surface (16), a first air pressurization part (17) and a second air pressurization part (18) are formed sunk by respective depths. When the skew angle ".theta." occurs, appropriate pressurized air flows are generated by the first air pressurization part (17) and the second air pressurization part (18) to compensate for the lifting force.

Abstract: In a method of separating neptunium and plutonium, a nitric acid solution containing a mixture of neptunium and plutonium is oxidized by irradiation of ultraviolet light in the presence of a reducing agent. As a result, different valences of neptunium are adjusted all into the valence 5, which can remain in water, and in the meantime, valences of plutonium are adjusted into the valence 4 or 6, which can be extracted in the organic phase. It is therefore possible to separate neptunium and plutonium from each other without difficulty.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light-sensitive litho printing plate requiring no dampening water having a primer layer, a light-sensitive layer and a silicone rubber layer in this order on a support, characterized in that the above primer layer contains (1) an ethylenic unsaturated compound having a polymerizable unsaturated group and (2) a photopolymerization initiator, and has a tensile strength of 10 Kg/cm.sup.2 or more and a Vickers hardness of 70 or less.

Abstract: There are disclosed a photosensitive composition which comprises:(1) an o-naphtoquinonediazide compound;(2) an alkali soluble resin; and(3) any one selected from the groups consisting of:(a) an ester compound of a polyoxyalkylene sorbitol fatty acid and/or an ether compound of the fatty acid,(b) an alkylene oxide adduct of castor oil, hardened castor oil, lanolin alcohol, beeswax, phytosterol or phytostanol, and(c) at least one activator selected from the group consisting of polyoxypropylene alkyl ethers, polyoxypropylene alkylphenyl ethers and polyoxypropylene alkyl esters;.and a photosensitive lithographic printing plate which comprises a support; and a photosensitive layer formed by applying the above photosensitive composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light-sensitive litho printing plate comprising:a support, a light-sensitive layer and a silicone rubber layer provided thereon,wherein said light-sensitive layer contains a substance,whereby said substance forms a color during developing or after developing.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition comprising (a) a 1,2-naphthoquinone-2-diazido-4-sulfonic acid ester compound, (b) alkali-soluble resin, (c) a halomethyloxadiazole compound which releases halogen free radicals by irradiation with actinic rays and (a) a dye which interacts withthe decomposition product of said halomethyloxydiazole compound and discolors or develops color. The composition exhibits excellent development latitude, light safety, visible-on-exposure characteristic and printing resistance.