Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a first polarizing plate; a first substrate; a first vertical alignment film; a liquid crystal layer; a second vertical alignment film; a second substrate; and a second polarizing plate, wherein a first retardation layer is disposed between the first polarizing plate and the liquid crystal layer and includes first and second areas having mutually different in-plane phase differences, a second retardation layer is disposed between the second polarizing plate and the liquid crystal layer and includes third and fourth areas having mutually different in-plane phase differences, the first and third areas overlap boundaries between at least four domains of liquid crystal molecules in a pixel region and have an in-plane phase difference in a predetermined range, and in-plane slow axes of the first and third areas and absorption axes of the first and second polarizing plates each have a predetermined azimuth.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a liquid crystal display device that can maintain a high voltage holding ratio for extended periods and can ensure reliability. A liquid crystal display device according to the present disclosure includes a pair of opposing substrates, a liquid crystal layer between the pair of substrates, and an alignment film between at least one of the pair of substrates and the liquid crystal layer. At least one of the pair of substrates has an electrode and/or wire containing copper or aluminum. The alignment film contains a polymer with a chemical structure on a side chain of the polymer, the chemical structure having a benzotriazole group represented by a specific chemical formula.

Abstract: A reflective liquid crystal display device (30) including a reflection electrode (31), a liquid crystal layer (32), and a counter electrode (33) is formed above an insulating layer (25) in a first region (R) of a TFT substrate (20). An organic EL display device (40) including a first electrode (41), an organic layer (43), and a second electrode (44) is formed on the insulating layer (25) of the TFT substrate (20) in a second region (T). A coating layer (45) is formed at least on a surface of the organic EL display device (40) so as to wrap the second electrode (44) and the organic layer (43) of the organic EL display device (40). A part of the coating layer (45) is in contact with the insulating layer (25). As a result, a complex display apparatus capable of preventing the organic layer from deteriorating and excellent in reliability can be obtained.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device that can exhibit a long-lasting favorable voltage holding ratio and prevent deterioration of reliability. The liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes: paired substrates disposed to face each other; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the substrates; and an alignment film disposed between at least one of the substrates and the liquid crystal layer, the at least one of the substrates including an electrode and/or a conductive line that contain(s) copper or aluminum, the liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystal component and an additive component with a chemical structure including a benzotriazole group represented by a given chemical formula.

Abstract: A reflective liquid crystal display device (30) including a reflection electrode (31), a liquid crystal layer (32), and a counter electrode (33) is formed above an insulating layer (25) in a first region (R) of a TFT substrate (20). An organic EL display device (40) including a first electrode (41), an organic layer (43), and a second electrode (44) is formed on the insulating layer (25) of the TFT substrate (20) in a second region (T). A coating layer (45) is formed at least on a surface of the organic EL display device (40) so as to wrap the second electrode (44) and the organic layer (43) of the organic EL display device (40). A part of the coating layer (45) is in contact with the insulating layer (25). As a result, a complex display apparatus capable of preventing the organic layer from deteriorating and excellent in reliability can be obtained.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device which includes a reflective electrode, which achieves its low-voltage driving, and which suppresses flickering caused during its driving and image sticking caused by its long-term driving. The liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes: a first substrate provided with a reflective electrode configured to reflect ambient light; a second substrate facing the first substrate; a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate and containing a liquid crystal material that contains a liquid crystal compound containing an alkoxy group and has negative anisotropy of dielectric constant; an alignment film provided on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate on a side facing the liquid crystal layer; and an aromatic polymer that is present between the liquid crystal layer and the alignment film and/or within the alignment film and has a specific structure.

Abstract: A method of producing the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is a method of producing a liquid crystal display device including a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the substrates, the method including: forming the liquid crystal layer by sealing a liquid crystal material containing liquid crystal molecules including an alkenyl group between the substrates facing each other with a sealant in between; and performing an alignment treatment on an alignment film containing a polymer including a polymerizable group in a side chain and being disposed on a liquid crystal layer side surface of at least one of the substrates by irradiating the alignment film with ultraviolet rays and thereby polymerizing the polymerizable group.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a liquid crystal display device in which image sticking and stains are sufficiently reduced. The present invention relates to an alignment film including: a polymer, wherein the polymer is a polysiloxane or a polyvinyl and contains a silsesquioxane group. The present invention also relates to a polymer for use in the alignment film, the polymer containing a silsesquioxane group. The present invention also relates to a liquid crystal display device including: the alignment film; a pair of substrates; and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the substrates, wherein the alignment film is disposed between at least one of the substrates and the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell according to the present invention includes two substrates facing each other and a liquid crystal layer between the substrates. The substrates have a photo-alignment film on at least one of opposing surfaces of the substrates. The photo-alignment film includes a polymer having a polyamic acid as a main chain. The polyamic acid is obtained through polymerization of a tetracarboxylic dianhydride having a bent structure and a diamine compound having an azobenzene group. The liquid crystal layer includes a first liquid crystal compound having an unsaturated bond and a second liquid crystal compound having at least one structure selected from the group consisting of structures represented by the following chemical formulas (1-1) and (1-2) and has a nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature of 90° C. or more.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel included in a scanning antenna includes: a TFT substrate including a first dielectric substrate, a TFT supported by the first dielectric substrate, a gate bus line, a source bus line, a patch electrode, and a first alignment film covering the patch electrode; a slot substrate including a second dielectric substrate, a slot electrode formed on a first main surface of the second dielectric substrate and including a slot disposed corresponding to the patch electrode, and a second alignment film covering the slot electrode; and a liquid crystal layer provided between the TFT substrate and the slot substrate and containing a liquid crystal molecule including an isothiocyanate group. The first alignment film and the second alignment film are each independently formed of a polyimide-based alignment film material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device having excellent visibility outdoors, and a method for producing a liquid crystal display device capable of producing such a liquid crystal display device. The liquid crystal display device includes: a pair of substrates; a liquid crystal layer that is sandwiched between the pair of substrates and contains a liquid crystal material; and an alignment control layer that is in contact with the liquid crystal layer, at least one of the pair of substrates including a retardation layer on its liquid crystal layer side, the alignment control layer aligning the liquid crystal material in a direction horizontal to faces of the substrates, and containing a polymer containing at least a unit derived from a specific first monomer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystal material; a sealing member disposed to surround the liquid crystal layer in a plan view; a pair of substrates that are bonded to each other by the sealing member, and sandwich the liquid crystal layer; and an alignment control layer disposed to be in contact with the liquid crystal layer in a region surrounded by the sealing member in a plan view, the alignment control layer aligning the liquid crystal material in a direction horizontal to faces of the substrates, and containing a polymer containing at least a unit derived from a specific first monomer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device in which flicker and image sticking caused by long-term use are suppressed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device that, with photo-alignment films, can maintain a favorable voltage holding ratio for a long period of time and prevent generation of image sticking and stains on the display screen. The liquid crystal display device includes: an active-matrix liquid crystal panel; and a backlight, the liquid crystal panel including a liquid crystal layer, paired substrates holding the liquid crystal layer in between, and alignment films disposed on the liquid crystal layer side surfaces of the respective substrates, the alignment films each being a photo-alignment film formed from a material exhibiting photo-alignment performance, the liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystal material and a radical scavenger.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device capable of reducing a VHR decrease and a residual DC voltage increase after long-term use of the device.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a first polarizing plate; a first substrate; a first vertical alignment film; a liquid crystal layer; a second vertical alignment film; a second substrate; and a second polarizing plate, wherein a first retardation layer is disposed between the first polarizing plate and the liquid crystal layer and includes first and second areas having mutually different in-plane phase differences, a second retardation layer is disposed between the second polarizing plate and the liquid crystal layer and includes third and fourth areas having mutually different in-plane phase differences, the first and third areas overlap boundaries between at least four domains of liquid crystal molecules in a pixel region and have an in-plane phase difference in a predetermined range, and in-plane slow axes of the first and third areas and absorption axes of the first and second polarizing plates each have a predetermined azimuth.

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell includes a pair of facing substrates having a photo-alignment film, and a liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal material contains a liquid crystal compound having a structure represented by any of the following chemical formula (1-1) and chemical formula (1-2): A1-CnF2n—X1-A2??(1-1) A1-X1—CnF2n+1??(1-2) in the chemical formula (1-1), A1 is a phenyl group, a phenylene group, a naphthyl group, a naphthylene group, a cyclohexyl group, or a cyclohexylene group; A2 is a phenyl group, a phenylene group, a naphthyl group, or a naphthylene group (provided that a hydrogen atom in functional groups A1 and A2 is optionally substituted by a fluoro group, a chloro group, a bromo group, a methyl group, or an ethyl group); X1 is an oxygen atom or a direct bond; and n is an integer of 1 to 6. The photo-alignment film is obtained by subjecting a polymer film to a photo-alignment treatment.

Abstract: The liquid crystal diffraction grating includes: paired substrates each including an electrode; a liquid crystal layer being held between the substrates; a sealant; and an alignment-controlling layer being disposed in a region surrounded by the sealant in a plan view and being in contact with the liquid crystal layer between the liquid crystal layer and each of the substrates, the alignment-controlling layer being configured to align liquid crystal molecules in a direction parallel to the substrates and containing a polymer of at least one monomer, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules periodically rotating in at least one direction in a plan view of the liquid crystal layer in a state where the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the direction parallel to the substrates.

Abstract: The present invention provides an alignment film capable of reducing generation of bubbles in a liquid crystal layer, a liquid crystal panel including the alignment film, and a method for producing the liquid crystal panel. The alignment film contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a polyamic acid containing a bisaniline fluorene skeleton and a polyimide containing a bisaniline fluorene skeleton. Preferably, the bisaniline fluorene skeleton of the polyamic acid is contained in a diamine unit of the polyamic acid and the bisaniline fluorene skeleton of the polyimide is contained in a diamine unit of the polyimide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device that can sufficiently prevent crystallization of a liquid crystal material at low temperatures, and thereby has high response performance suitable for applications such as HMDs. The liquid crystal display device includes: paired substrates; a liquid crystal layer held between the substrates; and a photo-alignment film disposed on a surface facing the liquid crystal layer of at least one of the substrates, the liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystal material that has a nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature of 75° C. or lower and a nematic phase temperature range narrower than 100° C., the photo-alignment film containing a polymer, the polymer and/or another component of the photo-alignment film containing a hydrophobic group.