Abstract: A pure copper sheet of the present invention has a composition including 99.96 mass % or more of Cu, 0.01 mass ppm or more and 3.00 mass ppm or less of P, 10.0 mass ppm or less of a total content of Pb, Se, and Te, 3.0 mass ppm or more of a total content of Ag and Fe, and inevitable impurities as a balance, in which an average crystal grain size of crystal grains on a rolled surface is 10 ?m or more, an aspect ratio of the crystal grain on the rolled surface is set to 2.0 or less, and a length percentage of the small tilt grain boundary and the subgrain boundary with respect to all grain boundaries is set to 80% or less in terms of partition fraction.

Abstract: A semiconductor wafer manufacturing apparatus includes a reaction chamber, a reactant gas supply pipe and a reactant gas discharge pipe communicated with the reaction chamber, a rotating device having a cylindrical member, a lid member disposed on one end portion of the cylindrical member, a heating device disposed in a hollow chamber that is a space surrounded by the cylindrical member and the lid member, an inert gas supply pipe and an inert gas discharge pipe communicated with the hollow chamber, and a controller. The controller is configured to adjust an amount of an inert gas discharged from the inert has discharge pipe such that a pressure in the hollow chamber is higher than a pressure in the reaction chamber and equal to or lower than a pressure of a minimum closing portion of the lid member.

Abstract: A semiconductor wafer manufacturing apparatus includes a susceptor. The susceptor has a plate shape having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and is disposed on a cylindrical member of a rotating device in such a manner that the first surface faces a reaction chamber and the second surface faces a hollow chamber surrounded by the cylindrical member and the susceptor. The susceptor has a recessed portion for accommodating a base wafer on the first surface, and the recessed portion has such a size that a gap is provided between a side surface of the recessed portion and the base wafer. The recessed portion has a bottom part and has at least one through hole penetrating through the bottom part.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of providing a bushing that allows molten glass to be stably drawn out from nozzles provided in a small-sized base plate, and a method for producing glass fiber. A bushing (11) is configured to satisfy the following relations (1) to (6): y1?Y?y2 (1), y1=4/3×X+3 (2), y2=4/3×X+8 (3), X=D14/Lt (4), Y=A3?(A1+A2) (5), and A3=L1×L2 (6), where, for first nozzles (N1) and second nozzles (N2) in the bushing (11), D1 is a nozzle hole inner diameter [mm], Lt is a nozzle flow path length [mm], A1 is a nozzle hole cross-sectional area [mm2], A2 is a nozzle wall cross-sectional area [mm2], L1 is an interval [mm] between the centers of adjacent first nozzles and an interval [mm] between the centers of adjacent second nozzles, and L2 is an interval [mm] between the centers of adjacent first and second nozzle.

Abstract: A photosensitive drum is rotatably supported in a main body. A developing cartridge is detachably mountable on the main body in a state where the photosensitive drum is supported in the main body. The developing cartridge includes a developing device and a frame. The developing device includes a developing roller disposed in confrontation with the photosensitive drum to supply developer to the photosensitive drum when the developing cartridge is mounted in the main body, and a developer-accommodating portion configured to accommodate developer. The frame includes a waste-developer-accommodating portion configured to accommodate waste developer and supports the developing device that is movable relative to the frame. The frame is disposed on an opposite side of the developing roller from the photosensitive drum. An urging member is disposed between the frame and the developing device to urge the developing roller toward the photosensitive drum.

Abstract: Provided is a porous polyimide composition having low colorability and high light transmittability. Provided is a porous polyimide composition, in which an average pore size (L) obtained by the following expression based on a pore volume (V) and a BET specific surface area (A) determined by a gas adsorption method: L = 4V/A; is 5 nm or more and 500 nm or less, a light transmittance at 450 nm at a film thickness of 1 mm is 10% or more and 100% or less, and a degree of polymerization (n) is 5 or more and less than 40.

Abstract: A photosensitive drum is rotatably supported in a main body. A developing cartridge is detachably mountable on the main body in a state where the photosensitive drum is supported in the main body. The developing cartridge includes a developing device and a frame. The developing device includes a developing roller disposed in confrontation with the photosensitive drum to supply developer to the photosensitive drum when the developing cartridge is mounted in the main body, and a developer-accommodating portion configured to accommodate developer. The frame includes a waste-developer-accommodating portion configured to accommodate waste developer and supports the developing device that is movable relative to the frame. The frame is disposed on an opposite side of the developing roller from the photosensitive drum. An urging member is disposed between the frame and the developing device to urge the developing roller toward the photosensitive drum.

Abstract: An apparatus manufactures a semiconductor device. The apparatus includes a film formation device, a first detector and a second detector. The film formation device forms an embedded layer for embedding a trench disposed at a substrate in the semiconductor device. The first detector detects a state of a first region of the substrate where the trench is disposed. The second detector detects a state of a second region of the substrate, the second region disposed outside of the first region. The film formation device ends film formation of the embedded layer, based on a condition that difference between a first detection result corresponding to the state of the first region and a second detection result corresponding to the state of the second region is smaller than or equal to a threshold value.

Abstract: A photosensitive drum is rotatably supported in a main body. A developing cartridge is detachably mountable on the main body in a state where the photosensitive drum is supported in the main body. The developing cartridge includes a developing device and a frame. The developing device includes a developing roller disposed in confrontation with the photosensitive drum to supply developer to the photosensitive drum when the developing cartridge is mounted in the main body, and a developer-accommodating portion configured to accommodate developer. The frame includes a waste-developer-accommodating portion configured to accommodate waste developer and supports the developing device that is movable relative to the frame. The frame is disposed on an opposite side of the developing roller from the photosensitive drum. An urging member is disposed between the frame and the developing device to urge the developing roller toward the photosensitive drum.

Abstract: A photosensitive drum is rotatably supported in a main body. A developing cartridge is detachably mountable on the main body in a state where the photosensitive drum is supported in the main body. The developing cartridge includes a developing device and a frame. The developing device includes a developing roller disposed in confrontation with the photosensitive drum to supply developer to the photosensitive drum when the developing cartridge is mounted in the main body, and a developer-accommodating portion configured to accommodate developer. The frame includes a waste-developer-accommodating portion configured to accommodate waste developer and supports the developing device that is movable relative to the frame. The frame is disposed on an opposite side of the developing roller from the photosensitive drum. An urging member is disposed between the frame and the developing device to urge the developing roller toward the photosensitive drum.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes first and second casings, a support portion, a control panel, and a USB port. The first casing houses an image forming unit and includes a sheet discharge tray configured to support a sheet discharged by a discharge roller. The second casing is disposed above the first casing, and houses an image scanner. The support portion is disposed at a top surface of the first casing such that the support portion support raises the second casing, and partially defines an open portion that enables an access to the sheet discharged on the sheet discharge tray. The control panel is disposed at the second casing. A downstream end portion of the control panel is positioned downstream of the discharge roller in a discharging direction. The USB port is positioned above the sheet discharge tray, and overlaps, when viewed from the top, with the sheet discharge tray.

Abstract: A photosensitive drum is rotatably supported in a main body. A developing cartridge is detachably mountable on the main body in a state where the photosensitive drum is supported in the main body. The developing cartridge includes a developing device and a frame. The developing device includes a developing roller disposed in confrontation with the photosensitive drum to supply developer to the photosensitive drum when the developing cartridge is mounted in the main body, and a developer-accommodating portion configured to accommodate developer. The frame includes a waste-developer-accommodating portion configured to accommodate waste developer and supports the developing device that is movable relative to the frame. The frame is disposed on an opposite side of the developing roller from the photosensitive drum. An urging member is disposed between the frame and the developing device to urge the developing roller toward the photosensitive drum.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes first and second casings, a support portion, a control panel, and a USB port. The first casing houses an image forming unit and includes a sheet discharge tray configured to support a sheet discharged by a discharge roller. The second casing is disposed above the first casing, and houses an image scanner. The support portion is disposed at a top surface of the first casing such that the support portion support raises the second casing, and partially defines an open portion that enables an access to the sheet discharged on the sheet discharge tray. The control panel is disposed at the second casing. A downstream end portion of the control panel is positioned downstream of the discharge roller in a discharging direction. The USB port is positioned above the sheet discharge tray, and overlaps, when viewed from the top, with the sheet discharge tray.

Abstract: A photosensitive drum is rotatably supported in a main body. A developing cartridge is detachably mountable on the main body in a state where the photosensitive drum is supported in the main body. The developing cartridge includes a developing device and a frame. The developing device includes a developing roller disposed in confrontation with the photosensitive drum to supply developer to the photosensitive drum when the developing cartridge is mounted in the main body, and a developer-accommodating portion configured to accommodate developer. The frame includes a waste-developer-accommodating portion configured to accommodate waste developer and supports the developing device that is movable relative to the frame. The frame is disposed on an opposite side of the developing roller from the photosensitive drum. An urging member is disposed between the frame and the developing device to urge the developing roller toward the photosensitive drum.

Abstract: A photosensitive drum is rotatably supported in a main body. A developing cartridge is detachably mountable on the main body in a state where the photosensitive drum is supported in the main body. The developing cartridge includes a developing device and a frame. The developing device includes a developing roller disposed in confrontation with the photosensitive drum to supply developer to the photosensitive drum when the developing cartridge is mounted in the main body, and a developer-accommodating portion configured to accommodate developer. The frame includes a waste-developer-accommodating portion configured to accommodate waste developer and supports the developing device that is movable relative to the frame. The frame is disposed on an opposite side of the developing roller from the photosensitive drum. An urging member is disposed between the frame and the developing device to urge the developing roller toward the photosensitive drum.

Abstract: A photosensitive drum is rotatably supported in a main body. A developing cartridge is detachably mountable on the main body in a state where the photosensitive drum is supported in the main body. The developing cartridge includes a developing device and a frame. The developing device includes a developing roller disposed in confrontation with the photosensitive drum to supply developer to the photosensitive drum when the developing cartridge is mounted in the main body, and a developer-accommodating portion configured to accommodate developer. The frame includes a waste-developer-accommodating portion configured to accommodate waste developer and supports the developing device that is movable relative to the frame. The frame is disposed on an opposite side of the developing roller from the photosensitive drum. An urging member is disposed between the frame and the developing device to urge the developing roller toward the photosensitive drum.

Abstract: A sheet conveying device includes a sheet cassette including a first housing, a pressing plate, a raising plate, a first resilient member, and a second resilient member. The sheet conveying device further includes a second housing, a sheet-cassette accommodating portion, a first electrode, a second electrode, a sheet conveyor, a driver, a first signal output device, and a second signal output device. When controlling the driver to move the raising plate to move the pressing plate upward, the controller detects a state change in the first signal output device from not outputting a conduction signal to outputting the conduction signal; upon this detection, starts counting the number of pulse signals; and determines an amount of upward movement of the pressing plate based on the counted number.

Abstract: A relay control method is provided for controlling an in-vehicle motor that includes a steering angle main control module. The main control module has a power supply relay is connected to a battery, a motor drive circuit connected to a fixed contact of the power supply relay via a bus bar, and a phase relay connected to the motor drive circuit via a bus bar. The motor drive circuit contacts a heat radiation part that has a higher thermal conductivity than the power supply relay. After the ignition is turned off and with the switches for the power supply relay and the phase relay remaining in the on state, a motor energization control is performed for maintaining a rotation stop state in the motor for a predetermined time, and after the predetermined time has elapsed, the switch of the power supply relay is switched to off.

Abstract: A sheet conveying device includes a sheet cassette including a first housing, a pressing plate, a raising plate, a first resilient member, and a second resilient member. The sheet conveying device further includes a second housing, a sheet-cassette accommodating portion, a first electrode, a second electrode, a sheet conveyor, a driver, a first signal output device, and a second signal output device. When controlling the driver to move the raising plate to move the pressing plate upward, the controller detects a state change in the first signal output device from not outputting a conduction signal to outputting the conduction signal; upon this detection, starts counting the number of pulse signals; and determines an amount of upward movement of the pressing plate based on the counted number.

Abstract: A relay control method is provided for controlling an in-vehicle motor that includes a steering angle main control module. The main control module has a power supply relay is connected to a battery, a motor drive circuit connected to a fixed contact of the power supply relay via a bus bar, and a phase relay connected to the motor drive circuit via a bus bar. The motor drive circuit contacts a heat radiation part that has a higher thermal conductivity than the power supply relay. After the ignition is turned off and with the switches for the power supply relay and the phase relay remaining in the on state, a motor energization control is performed for maintaining a rotation stop state in the motor for a predetermined time, and after the predetermined time has elapsed, the switch of the power supply relay is switched to off.