Abstract: Powdery fullerene is milled in an oxygen atmosphere, whereby mechanical impacts are applied to the fullerene and a carbon cage of the fullerene is dynamically distorted to the extent that an energy for conversion of atmospheric oxygen to a singlet excited state is accomplished from the distorted carbon cage to atmospheric oxygen. Singlet oxygen, i.e. an efficient oxidant in various industrial fields, is generated by solid-state reaction under stable conditions without necessity of photo-irradiation. The singlet oxygen also enables efficient oxidation of fullerene itself.

Abstract: In an acceleration estimation device for estimating acceleration of a vehicle, a Karman filter for constant speed estimates x-direction acceleration offset and z-direction acceleration offset when a motorcycle is stopped and is traveling at a constant speed. An offset corrector corrects an x-direction acceleration and a z-direction acceleration on the basis of an x-direction acceleration offset estimated value and a z-direction acceleration offset estimated value when the motorcycle is accelerated and decelerated. A Karman filter for acceleration/deceleration estimates the pitch angle of a vehicle body on the basis of a wheel speed and the corrected x-direction acceleration and z-direction acceleration when the motorcycle is accelerated and decelerated. An acceleration corrector obtains an X-direction acceleration and a Z-direction acceleration on the basis of the estimated pitch angle and the corrected x-direction acceleration and z-direction acceleration.

Abstract: An operating state display system includes a housing, a board provided inside the housing, a first light emitter attached on the board, a second light emitter arranged adjacent to the first light emitter on the board, a first light guider attached to the housing to face the first light emitter, a second light guider attached to the housing to face the second light emitter, and an electronic component attached between the first and second light emitters on the board. The electronic component protrudes by a predetermined length in the same direction as the first and second light emitters from a surface of the board. The predetermined length is longer than a distance between the first light emitter and the board and a distance between the second light emitter and the board.

Abstract: A light-source driver for a light-source unit detachable from an endoscope body of a portable endoscope is provided. The light-source driver includes a first switch, a pilot lamp, a warning lamp, a second switch, and a light-switching block. The first switch switches its status between the On-state and Off-state in connection with the attachment and detachment of the light-source unit to the endoscope body. The pilot lamp indicates that the illumination light source is being energized. The warning lamp indicates that the output voltage of a battery has dropped below a predetermined value. The second switch switches the status of the warning lamp between the On-state and Off-state in connection with the On-state and the Off-state of the first switch. The light-switching block switches the pilot lamp to the Off-state and further enables the second switch when the second switch is set to the On-state and the output voltage has declined to or below the predetermined value.

Abstract: It is possible to enhance the luminance of a cold-cathode type discharge lamp and to contribute to a prolongation of service life thereof. A discharge lamp 1 is provided with an electrode 3 having a cup 4 with such a shape that a bottom is provided at each of both opposed ends of the glass tube 2. The cup 4 is connected to a lead-in wire 8 which is inserted through the end of the glass tube 2 and held thereby. The collision-preventing ring 5 covering an end surface of the cup 4 is provided to the open end 4a of the cup 4. The porous tungsten disk 6 impregnated with a ternary metal oxide composed of barium (Ba), aluminum (Al), and calcium (Ca) as an electron emission material is provided at a bottom in an inside of the cup 4.

Abstract: A motorcycle includes an engine, a CPU, a clutch lever, and a shift switch. When a driver performs a shift operation, the CPU adjusts an output of the engine. When the CPU adjusts the output of the engine, the turning operation of the clutch lever is inhibited by the shift switch.

Abstract: A light-source driver for a light-source unit detachable from an endoscope body of a portable endoscope is provided. The light-source driver comprises a step-up controller, a first switch, and a second switch. The step-up controller supplies stepped-up voltage from a power source to a light source. The first switch's status switches between the On-state and Off-state in connection with the attachment and detachment of the light-source unit from the endoscope body. The second switch is connected to a break-control terminal of the step-up controller for setting a standby mode of the step-up controller. The On-state and Off-state of the second switch are controlled by the On-state and Off-state of the first switch, and the step-up controller is set to the standby mode when the light-source unit is detached from the endoscope body.

Abstract: A draw-molded and heat-set article obtained by draw-molding and heat-setting a hydroxyalkanoate resin comprising chiefly a polylactic acid, the draw-molded and heat-set article having a half-width (X) of a diffraction peak of 2?=10 to 25° of not larger than 1.220° and, particularly, not larger than 1.100° as found by a broad-angle X-ray measurement. The molded article possesses excellent transparency and heat resistance despite it is made of a spontaneously integrating plastic material. The draw-molded article and, particularly, a container is effectively used for containing beverages.

Abstract: A motorcycle includes a transmission, an ECU, an engine and a transmission operating mechanism. The engine has a crank. The transmission operating mechanism includes a shift pedal and a load sensor. The load sensor detects an operation of the shift pedal by a driver, and applies a detected value to the ECU. The ECU decreases an output of the engine when a torque (driving force) having at least a predetermined value is transmitted from the crank to the transmission when a shift operation of the driver is detected by the load sensor. Moreover, the ECU does not decrease the output when the torque transmitted from the crank to the transmission is less than the predetermined value when the shift operation of the driver is detected by the load sensor.

Abstract: A motorcycle includes a transmission, a CPU, an engine, a load sensor and a notification lamp. The load sensor detects a shift operation by a driver. When the shift operation is performed by the driver, an output of the engine is adjusted by the CPU so that a torque (driving force) transmitted between the engine and the transmission is reduced. The CPU does not adjust the output when the torque is transmitted from the transmission to the engine when an up-shifting operation is performed by the driver. Moreover, a notification lamp is lit by the CPU when the torque having at least a predetermined value is transmitted from the transmission to the engine when the up-shifting operation is performed by the driver.

Abstract: A control system for a vehicle includes an ECU, a front wheel speed sensor, a rear wheel speed sensor, and an engine. The ECU detects an actual slip speed and an actual slip ratio of a rear wheel on the basis of respective detected values of a front wheel speed sensor and a rear wheel speed sensor. Slip speed traction control is started when the actual slip speed exceeds a threshold value of a slip speed when a vehicle is at a low speed, and slip ratio traction control is started when the actual slip ratio exceeds a threshold value of a slip ratio when it is at an intermediate or high speed. An output of the engine is adjusted depending on the actual slip speed in the slip speed traction control, while being adjusted depending on the actual slip ratio in the slip ratio traction control.

Abstract: An operating state display system includes a housing, a board provided inside the housing, a first light emitter attached on the board, a second light emitter arranged adjacent to the first light emitter on the board, a first light guider attached to the housing to face the first light emitter, a second light guider attached to the housing to face the second light emitter, and an electronic component attached between the first and second light emitters on the board. The electronic component protrudes by a predetermined length in the same direction as the first and second light emitters from a surface of the board. The predetermined length is longer than a distance between the first light emitter and the board and a distance between the second light emitter and the board.

Abstract: A contactless communication system information carrier which is high in handleability and yield but low in cost is provided. It includes a core piece 11 in which an IC chip 1 with an antenna coil 3 integrally formed on one surface is fitted inside a recess 6 of a core piece body 5, a non-metal spacer 14 in which the core piece 11 is fitted to a fitting part 16 located in a center of the spacer 14 to retain the core piece 11, and a metal weight 15 placed and coupled so as to surround an outer periphery of the spacer 14. The antenna coil 3 and the metal weight 14 are separated from each other via the spacer 14.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes first and second antenna connection electrodes placed on the periphery of a semiconductor chip, an on-chip antenna connection electrode placed in the inner area of the semiconductor chip compared to the first and second antenna connection electrodes, and an internal circuit formed in the semiconductor chip. The first and second antenna connection electrodes are connected to the internal circuit by internal lines. The on-chip antenna connection electrode is connected to the internal circuit and the second antenna connection electrode by internal lines. An on-chip antenna is connected to the second antenna connection electrode and the on-chip antenna connection electrode. An external antenna is connected to the first and second antenna connection electrodes.

Abstract: Powdery fullerene is milled in an oxygen atmosphere, whereby mechanical impacts are applied to the fullerene and a carbon cage of the fullerene is dynamically distorted to the extent that an energy for conversion of atmospheric oxygen to a singlet excited state is accomplished from the distorted carbon cage to atmospheric oxygen. Singlet oxygen, i.e. an efficient oxidant in various industrial fields, is generated by solid-state reaction under stable conditions without necessity of photo-irradiation. The singlet oxygen also enables efficient oxidation of fullerene itself.

Abstract: In an acceleration estimation device for estimating acceleration of a vehicle, a Karman filter for a constant speed estimates x-direction acceleration offset and z-direction acceleration offset when a motorcycle is stopped and is traveling at constant speed. An offset storage stores an x-direction acceleration offset estimated value and a z-direction acceleration offset estimated value. An offset corrector corrects an x-direction acceleration and a z-direction acceleration on the basis of the x-direction acceleration offset estimated value and the z-direction acceleration offset estimated value when the motorcycle is accelerated and decelerated. A Karman filter for acceleration/deceleration estimates the pitch angle of a vehicle body when the motorcycle is accelerated and decelerated. An acceleration corrector obtains an X-direction acceleration and a Z-direction acceleration on the basis of the estimated pitch angle.

Abstract: It is possible to prolong service life of a discharge lamp of hot-cathode type and to reduce a diameter thereof. A discharge lamp 1 is provided with an electrode 3. The electrode 3 has a heater 4 made up a coil portion 4a, and a first lead wire portion 4b and a second lead wire portion 4c that respectively extend from rear ends of this coil portion 4a and applied by an electron emission material 3a. In the electrode 3, a first lead-in wires 6a is connected to the first lead wire portion 4b and a second lead-in wires 6b is connected to the second lead wire portion 4c, so that the coil portion 4a is arranged vertically along the tube axis of the glass tube 2. The electrode 3 is also provided a sleeve 7 covering surrounding of the coil portion 4a and having openings in the faces respectively opposite to the forward end and rear end of the coil portion 4a. An open end 7a of the sleeve 7 exceeds a forward end of the coil portion 4a, thereby protecting the coil portion 4a.

Abstract: In an acceleration estimation device for estimating acceleration of a vehicle, a Karman filter for a constant speed estimates x-direction acceleration offset and z-direction acceleration offset when a motorcycle is stopped and is traveling at constant speed. An offset storage stores an x-direction acceleration offset estimated value and a z-direction acceleration offset estimated value. An offset corrector corrects an x-direction acceleration and a z-direction acceleration on the basis of the x-direction acceleration offset estimated value and the z-direction acceleration offset estimated value when the motorcycle is accelerated and decelerated. A Karman filter for acceleration/deceleration estimates the pitch angle of a vehicle body when the motorcycle is accelerated and decelerated. An acceleration corrector obtains an X-direction acceleration and a Z-direction acceleration on the basis of the estimated pitch angle.

Abstract: In an acceleration estimation device for estimating acceleration of a vehicle, a Karman filter for constant speed estimates x-direction acceleration offset and z-direction acceleration offset when a motorcycle is stopped and is traveling at a constant speed. An offset corrector corrects an x-direction acceleration and a z-direction acceleration on the basis of an x-direction acceleration offset estimated value and a z-direction acceleration offset estimated value when the motorcycle is accelerated and decelerated. A Karman filter for acceleration/deceleration estimates the pitch angle of a vehicle body on the basis of a wheel speed and the corrected x-direction acceleration and z-direction acceleration when the motorcycle is accelerated and decelerated. An acceleration corrector obtains an X-direction acceleration and a Z-direction acceleration on the basis of the estimated pitch angle and the corrected x-direction acceleration and z-direction acceleration.

Abstract: An abnormality monitoring device monitors a PWM driving signal output from a driving section of an associated motor control system to judge whether the driving section is operating abnormally. By monitoring the output of the driving section, the monitoring device can detect an abnormality of the driving section before the motor can respond to the abnormal drive signal to a significant degree (e.g., to a degree readily discernable to a rider of a motorcycle on which the motor control system is employed in combination with an electronic throttle system).