Abstract: A first resilient member generates a resilient force to urge a valve portion in a valve-closing direction. A second resilient member generates a resilient force against the resilient force of the first resilient member. The resilient force of the first resilient member and the resilient force of the second resilient member are set to be balanced with each other when the valve portion is placed in a lift position that is between a full-closing position of the valve portion, in which the valve portion is seated against a valve seat to fully close a fluid passage, and a full-opening position of the valve portion, in which the valve portion is fully lifted away from the valve seat to fully open the fluid passage.

Abstract: The fluid injection valve has a first and second valve bodies fastened to each other, to bring a first end face of the first valve body into an intimate contact with a second end face of the second valve body. A first fluid passage in the first valve body is communicated with a second fluid passage in the second valve body. The first end face has a first depressed portion thereon, and the second end face has a second depressed portion thereon to be communicated with the first depressed portion to form a cavity to surround the first and second fluid passages.

Abstract: The fluid injection valve has a first and second valve bodies fastened to each other, to bring a first end face of the first valve body into an intimate contact with a second end face of the second valve body. A first fluid passage in the first valve body is communicated with a second fluid passage in the second valve body. The first end face has a first depressed portion thereon, and the second end face has a second depressed portion thereon to be communicated with the first depressed portion to form a cavity to surround the first and second fluid passages.

Abstract: A film-coated wire is wound around a terminal at least one turn and pressed by an upper electrode of a resistance welding machine. A current is passed through the upper electrode when the wire is pressed, and heat is produced. The heat melts a film on the wire. The current is passed between the upper electrode and the lower electrode via the wire and the terminal to connect the wire with the terminal by resistance welding. A contact area between the wire and the terminal is increased by winding the wire around the terminal. Therefore, the wire is less likely to shift its position when a force is applied by the upper electrode. This increases reliability of the connection. Moreover, the terminal is reduced in size because it is not required to be formed in a U-shape.

Abstract: A film-coated wire is wound around a terminal at least one turn and pressed by an upper electrode of a resistance welding machine. A current is passed through the upper electrode when the wire is pressed, and heat is produced. The heat melts a film on the wire. The current is passed between the upper electrode and the lower electrode via the wire and the terminal to connect the wire with the terminal by resistance welding. A contact area between the wire and the terminal is increased by winding the wire around the terminal. Therefore, the wire is less likely to shift its position when a force is applied by the upper electrode. This increases reliability of the connection. Moreover, the terminal is reduced in size because it is not required to be formed in a U-shape.

Abstract: A valve body of a spill valve is constructed of steel having a martensitic structure and a needle constructed of steel in which hard particles are dispersed in a matrix having a martensitic structure. A hardness difference between the matrix and the hard particles is equal to or smaller than 1000. By reducing the difference in hardness between the matrix and the hard particles of the needle, projections and detachment of hard particles are prevented. Accordingly, the wear of the matrix and valve body resulting from exposed hard particle is precluded while ensuring hardness of the valve.

Abstract: A valve body of a spill valve is constructed of steel having a martensitic structure and a needle constructed of steel in which hard particles are dispersed in a matrix having a martensitic structure. A hardness difference between the matrix and the hard particles is equal to or smaller than 1000. By reducing the difference in hardness between the matrix and the hard particles of the needle, projections are prevented and detachment of hard particles by wear of the matrix and valve body wear by the exposed hard particle is provided while ensuring the hardness.

Abstract: An electrical junction block as used in an automobile electrical system has a pair of ports for removably receiving two separate connectors into connection with circuit traces of a printed circuit board contained within the junction block. The first port is configured to receive a wiring harness connector associated with one or more electrical devices into normal operating connection with the junction block. The second port is configured to removably receive a connector from a continuity tester such that terminals of the connector contact the circuit traces so as to be in electrical contact with the wiring harness connector. Accordingly, inserting the tester connector into the second port after the wiring harness connector is operatively installed in the first port puts the tester in connection with the electrical system via the circuit traces and allows the tester to perform a continuity check of the device without disconnecting the wiring harness connector.

Abstract: An electrical contact terminal for mounting on a printed circuit board has a point of primary electrical contact with the circuit board physically separated from a pair of load-bearing connections to the circuit board. Physical loads caused by relative movement between the printed circuit board and an electrical component attached to the terminal are borne by the load-bearing points while the point of primary electrical contact is isolated from those loads and therefore will not be subjected to stresses which cause degradation of the electrical connection.

Abstract: An electromagnetic valve opens and closes a fuel return passage (23, 24) of a fuel injection pump, to control a time of fuel return when fuel compressed by a plunger (12) of the fuel injection pump is overflowed from a high-pressure fuel chamber (19) to a low-pressure fuel chamber (11). A valve needle (36) causes a reciprocative movement in an axial direction thereof to open or close the fuel return passage (23, 24). A terminal (46), supplying electric current to the electromagnetic valve, is disposed along the axial direction of the valve needle (36). A plate-like armature (43), connected to one end of the valve needle (36), has a through hole (43a) allowing the terminal (46) to enter therein and causing a reciprocative movement together with the valve needle (36). The outer periphery of the armature (43) extends radially further than the terminal (46).

Abstract: A variable discharge high pressure pump for pumping a fuel into a common rail of a common rail type fuel injection system has a plunger reciprocable in a cylinder bore and a pumping chamber defined between and end face of the plunger and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder bore. A solenoid valve has a valve member movable into an open position in which the valve member is moved out of engagement with an associated value seat into the pumping chamber when the solenoid valve is deenergized. When the solenoid valve is energized, the valve member is moved into a closed position in which the fuel pressure in the pumping chamber acts on the valve member to urge the same into engagement with the valve seat. The plunger is of a simple cylindrical structure free from any lead formed therein.