Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of finding a compound having both PPAR activation activity and angiotensin receptor antagonistic activity. The present invention is a benzo- or pyrido-imidazole derivative represented by general formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a ester or amide thereof (where A is biphenyl methyl-imidazolyl, biphenyl methyl-benzimidazolyl, or the like, B is divalent benzimidazolyl or the like, C is carboxyl or the like, E is divalent phenyl, naphthyl, or the like, G is a dangling bond, oxygen, or the like, Q is oxygen or sulfur, n is an integer from 1 to 6, p is an integer from 1 to 6, V is a dangling bond, oxygen, or the like, and R is hydrogen, alkyl, or the like).

Abstract: A method for testing a therapeutic or preventive agent for hyperlipidemia, and a nucleic acid probe, a primer, and an antibody which are used in the method. Specifically, a method for testing the effect of a test substance as a therapeutic or preventive agent for hyperlipidemia by expression of a gene having a sequence as set forth in SEQ ID No. 1 or SEQ ID No. 2 of the Sequence Listing which participates in regulation of neutral-fat concentration in the blood of a mammal, and a nucleic acid probe, primer or antibody used for the method. The present invention makes it possible to search for a candidate substance for a therapeutic or preventive agent for hyperlipidemia.

Abstract: A method for testing a therapeutic or preventive agent for hyperlipidemia, and a nucleic acid probe, a primer, and an antibody which are used in the method. Specifically, a method for testing the effect of a test substance as a therapeutic or preventive agent for hyperlipidemia by expression of a gene having a sequence as set forth in SEQ ID No. 1 or SEQ ID No. 2 of the Sequence Listing which participates in regulation of neutral-fat concentration in the blood of a mammal, and a nucleic acid probe, primer or antibody used for the method. The present invention makes it possible to search for a candidate substance for a therapeutic or preventive agent for hyperlipidemia.

Abstract: A method for testing a therapeutic or preventive agent for hyperlipidemia, and a nucleic acid probe, a primer, and an antibody which are used in the method. Specifically, a method for testing the effect of a test substance as a therapeutic or preventive agent for hyperlipidemia by expression of a gene having a sequence as set forth in SEQ ID No. 1 or SEQ ID No. 2 of the Sequence Listing which participates in regulation of neutral-fat concentration in the blood of a mammal, and a nucleic acid probe, primer or antibody used for the method. The present invention makes it possible to search for a candidate substance for a therapeutic or preventive agent for hyperlipidemia.

Abstract: Insulin sensitivity enhancers, such as troglitazone, have the ability to treat and/or prevent hyperuricemia and may thus be used for the therapy or prophylaxis of such diseases as gout, urinary calculus, hyperuricemic nephropathy and Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.

Abstract: A combination of one or more HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (for example pravastatin, lovastatin, simvastatin, fluvastatin, rivastatin or atorvastatin) with one or more insulin sensitizers (for example troglitazone, pioglitazone, englitazone, BRL-49653, 5-(4-{2-[1-(4-2'-pyridylphenyl)ethylideneaminooxy]ethoxy}benzyl)thiazolidi ne-2,4-dione, 5-{4-(5-methoxy-3-methylimidazo[5,4-b]pyridin-2-ylmethoxy)benzyl}thiazolid ine-2,4-dione or its hydrochloride, 5-[4-(6-methoxy-1-methylbenzimidazol-2-ylmethoxy)benzyl]thiazolidine-2,4-d ione, 5-[4-(1-methylbenzimidazol-2-ylmethoxy)benzyl]thiazolidine-2,4-dione and 5-[4-(5-hydroxy-1,4,6,7-tetramethylbenzimidazol-2-ylmethoxy)benzyl]thiazol idine-2,4-dione) exhibits a synergistic effect and is significantly better at preventing and/or treating arteriosclerosis and/or xanthoma than is either of the components of the combination alone.

Abstract: A method for preventing or treating autoimmune diseases (excluding type I diabetes) by administering an insulin resistance improving substance as an active ingredient.

Abstract: Compound of formula (I): ##STR1## [wherein: X represents an unsubstituted or substituted indolyl, indolinyl, azaindolyl, azaindolinyl, imidazopyridyl or imidazopyrimidinyl group; Y represents an oxygen or sulphur atom; Z represents a 2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidenylmethyl, 2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylmethyl, 2,4-dioxooxazolidin-5-ylmethyl, 3,5-dioxooxadiazolidin-2-ylmethyl or N-hydroxyureidomethyl group; R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a nitro group, an aralkyl group or a unsubstituted or substituted amino group; and m is an integer of from 1 to 5] have hypoglycemic and anti-diabetic activities.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## [wherein: X represents an unsubstituted or substituted indolyl, indolinyl, azaindolyl, azaindolinyl, imidazopyridyl or imidazopyrinidinyl group; Y represents an oxygen or sulfur atom; Z represents a 2,4-dioxo-thiazolidin-5-ylidenylmethyl, 2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylmethyl, 2,4-dioxooxazolidin-5-ylmethyl, 3,5-dioxo-oxadiazolidin-2-ylmethyl or N-hydroxyureidom ethyl group; R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a nitro group, an aralkyl group or a unsubstituted or substituted amino group; and m is an inzeger of from 1 to 5] have hypoglycemic and anti-diabetic activities.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 is hydrogen or alkyl; R.sup.2 is alkylene; R.sup.3 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, halogen, nitro group, amino group, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, aryl, or aralkyl; X is aryl, or aromatic heterocyclic; Y is oxygen, sulfur or a group of formula >N--R.sup.4, in which R.sup.4 is hydrogen, alkyl or acyl; and Z is a group of formula (Za), (Zb), (Zc) or (Zd): ##STR2## and salts thereof can be used to treat or prevent are included those arising from hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, obesity, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), insulin resistant non-IGT (NGT), non-diagnostic glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, diabetic complications, fatty liver, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); in addition the compounds of the present invention have aldose reductase inhibitory activity.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## ?wherein: X represents an unsubstituted or substituted indolyl, indolinyl, azaindolyl, azaindolinyl, imidazopyridyl or imidazopyrimidinyl group; Y represents an oxygen or sulfur atom; Z represents a 2,4-dioxo-thiazolidin-5-ylidenylmethyl, 2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylmethyl, 2,4-dioxooxazolidin-5-ylmethyl, 3,5-dioxo-oxadiazolidin-2-ylmethyl or N-hydroxyureidomethyl group; R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a nitro group, an aralkyl group or a unsubstituted or substituted amino group; and m is an integer of from 1 to 5! have hypoglycemic and anti-diabetic activities.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## ?wherein: X represents an optionally substituted benzimidazole group; Y represents an oxygen or sulfur atom; Z represents a 2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidenylmethyl, 2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylmethyl, 2,4-dioxooxazolidin-5-ylmethyl, 3,5-dioxooxadiazolidin-2-ylmethyl or N-hydroxyureidomethlyl group; R represents hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, hydroxy, nitro, amino or aralkyl; and m is an integer from 1 to 5!; have valuable activity for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of a variety of disorders, including one or more of: hyperlipemia, hyperglycemia, obesity, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), insulin resistance and diabetic complications.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein: X represents an unsubstituted or substituted indolyl, indolinyl, azaindolyl, azaindolinyl, imidazopyridyl or imidazopyrimidinyl group; Y represents an oxygen or sulfur atom; Z represents a 2,4-dioxo-thiazolidin-5-ylidenylmethyl, 2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylmethyl, 2,4-dioxooxazolidin-5-ylmethyl, 3,5-dioxo-oxadiazolidin-2-ylmethyl or N-hydroxyureidom ethyl group; R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a nitro group, an aralkyl group or a unsubstituted or substituted amino group; and m is an integer of from 1 to 5 have hypoglycemic and anti-diabetic activities.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are hydrogen or alkyl and R.sup.3 is hydrogen, alkyl or various organic groups are effective against osteoporosis at doses at which they also effectively control diabetes.

Abstract: A combination of one or more HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (for example pravastatin, lovastatin, simvastatin, fluvastatin, rivastatin or atorvastatin) with one or more insulin sensitizers (for example troglitazone, pioglitazone, englitazone, BRL-49653, 5-(4-{2-?1-(4-2'-pyridylphenyl)ethylideneaminooxy!-ethoxy}benzyl)thiazolid ine-2,4-dione, 5-{4-(5-methoxy-3-methylimidazo?5,4-b!pyridin-2-yl-methoxy)benzyl}thiazoli dine-2,4-dione or its hydrochloride, 5-?4-(6-methoxy-l-methylbenzimidazol-2-ylmethoxy)benzyl!thiazolidine-2,4-d ione, 5-?4-(l-methylbenzimidazol-2-ylmethoxy)benzyl!-thiazolidine-2,4-dione and 5-?4-(5-hydroxy-1,4,6,7-tetramethylbenzimidazol-2-ylmethoxy) benzyllthiazolidine-2,4-dione) exhibits a synergistic effect and is significantly better at preventing and/or treating arteriosclerosis and/or xanthoma than is either of the components of the combination alone.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 is hydrogen or alkyl; R.sup.2 is alkylene; R.sup.3 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, halogen, nitro group, amino group, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, aryl, or aralkyl; X is aryl, or aromatic heterocyclic; Y is oxygen, sulfur or a group of formula >N--R.sup.4, in which R.sup.4 is hydrogen, alkyl or acyl; and Z is a group of formula (Za), (Zb), (Zc) or (Zd): ##STR2## and salts thereof can be used to treat or prevent are included those arising from hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, obesity, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), insulin resistant non-IGT (NGT), non-diagnostic glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, diabetic complications, fatty liver, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); in addition the compounds of the present invention have aldose reductase inhibitory activity.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## ?wherein: R.sup.1 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl-substituted alkyl or aromatic heterocyclic-substituted alkyl; R.sup.2 is: aryl-substituted alkyl, aromatic heterocyclic-substituted alkyl or diarylamino; and R.sup.3 is carboxy or a group of formula --CONHSO.sub.2 R.sup.4 wherein R.sup.4 is alkyl!; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof have valuable 5.alpha.-reductase inhibitory activity and can thus be used for the treatment and prophylaxis of, inter alia, prostatic hypertrophy as well as other disorders arising from excess levels of 5.alpha.-dihydrotestosterone.

Abstract: Insulin sensitizers, especially thiazolidinedione compounds, such as troglitazone, are useful for the treatment and prevention of pancreatitis.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## ?wherein: X represents an unsubstituted or substituted indolyl, indolinyl, azaindolyl, azaindolinyl, imidazopyridyl or imidazopyrimidinyl group; Y represents an oxygen or sulfur atom; Z represents a 2,4-dioxo-thiazolidin-5-ylidenylmethyl, 2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylmethyl, 2,4-dioxooxazolidin-5-ylmethyl, 3,5-dioxooxadiazolidin-2-ylmethyl or N-hydroxyureidomethyl group; R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a nitro group, an aralkyl group or a unsubstituted or substituted amino group; and m is an integer of from 1 to 5! have hypoglycemic and anti-diabetic activities. Disclosed also are intermediate compounds for the preparation of compounds of formula I.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## ?wherein: R.sup.1 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl-substituted alkyl or aromatic heterocyclic-substituted alkyl; R.sup.2 is: aryl-substituted alkyl, aromatic heterocyclic-substituted alkyl or diarylamino; and R.sup.3 is carboxy or a group of formula --CONHSO.sub.2 R.sup.4 wherein R.sup.4 is alkyl!; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof have valuable 5.alpha.-reductase inhibitory activity and can thus be used for the treatment and prophylaxis of, inter alia, prostatic hypertrophy as well as other disorders arising from excess levels of 5.alpha.-dihydrotestosterone.