Abstract: In a computer system having an interface with an I/O bus given disconnect/reconnect functions and a plurality of magnetic disk subsystems connected with the I/O bus, control divides a file at a disk access time with reference to disk management information, file management information and file descriptor translation information to read/write a plurality of such files asynchronously. Thus, high speed file access can be realized by only the plurality of magnetic disk subsystems without requiring any special control hardware. A corresponding relation between subfiles in a virtual directory and the application request file can be taken to construct the directory, thus making the divided storage transparent to the application.

Abstract: A fuel mixing ratio detecting device can detect a fuel mixing ratio of a mixed fuel with high precision, regardless of the value of an electric conductivity of the fuel. The device comprises a sensor portion (an LC resonance circuit) having an electrostatic capacity detecting portion for detecting an electrostatic capacity of the fuel, which fills a space between electrodes, and a coil connected in parallel with the electrostatic capacity detecting portion, a voltage-controlled oscillator for generating a high-frequency signal having a predetermined frequency by performing a voltage control operation, a phase comparator for detecting a phase difference between a voltage and a current of the high-frequency signal applied to the sensor portion A, a target value switching unit for changing a phase difference target value between a first target value of 0.degree. and a second target value other than 0.degree.

Abstract: A tubular single-layer winding coil is installed on the outer periphery of a thin wall portion of a cylindrical container case and a columnar electrode is provided at the center of the inside of the cylindrical container case. A fuel channel is formed between the coil and the electrode so that the permittivity of fuel flowing through the fuel channel is detected from the electrostatic capacity therebetween. Further, variation of the electrostatic capacity due to the temperature characteristics of the fuel is compensated by the temperature characteristics of the permittivity of the thin wall portion of the sensor unit. Furthermore, variation of the electrostatic capacity due to the temperature characteristics of the fuel is compensated by the temperature compensation capacitor which is connected with the single layer winding coil in parallel.

Abstract: A tubular single-layer winding coil is installed on the outer periphery of a thin wall portion of a cylindrical container case and a columnar electrode is provided at the center of the inside of the cylindrical container case. A fuel channel is formed between the coil and the electrode so that the permittivity of fuel flowing through the fuel channel is detected from the electrostatic capacity therebetween. Further, variation of the electrostatic capacity due to the temperature characteristics of the fuel is compensated by the temperature characteristics of the permittivity of the thin wall portion of the sensor unit. Furthermore, variation of the electrostatic capacity due to the temperature characteristics of the fuel is compensated by the temperature compensation capacitor which is connected with the single layer winding coil in parallel.

Abstract: With an electronic control device for an internal combustion engine using an oxygenated compound mixed fuel, operating conditions of the engine are detected, and are utilized to determine fundamental control data for the engine, while the dielectric constant and the refractive index of an oxygenated compound mixed fuel supplied to the engine are detected, and the oxygenated compound content of the mixed fuel is calculated according to the dielectric constant thus detected. The refractive index, and the oxygenated compound content are utilized to estimate the distillation characteristic of the petroleum refined fuel in the mixed fuel. The fundamental control data are corrected by using first correction data determined from the oxygenated compound content and second correction data determined from the distillation characteristic.

Abstract: A dielectric constant detecting apparatus comprises an LC circuit for shifting the phase of a high frequency voltage signal according to the dielectric constant of a liquid which passes between the coil and the electrode of the LC circuit. A resistor is connected between the LC circuit and at least one part of a phase comparator. The phase comparator detects the phase shift between high frequency signals provided at both ends of the resistor. The resistor and at least one part of the phase comparator are integrally included in an insulator. The output of the phase comparator is compared with a predetermined phase shift value. A voltage control device adjusts the high frequency voltage signal from the voltage applying device so that the phase shift detected by the phase comparator is further adjusted toward the predetermined phase shift value.

Abstract: A package structure in which conductive layers are provided on the lower surface of a circuit substrate provided with a semiconductor element mounted on the upper surface thereof, which conductive layers are connected to a conductive seal portion via conductive through holes, whereby both satisfactory air-tightness and satisfactory electromagnetic shielding characteristics of the package structure can be obtained. Projections consisting of high-temperature solder are formed as externally connecting electrodes, whereby a surface packaging operation can be carried out smoothly.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio sensor comprises an oxygen concentration cell device, an oxygen pump device, a heater for heating the oxygen concentration cell device and the oxygen pump device, a pump current cut means for stopping the supply of the pump current, first and second timers for controlling the condition of stopping the pump current, and a controller for starting the heating of the heater under the condition of stopping the pump current, to the pump device and for removing the stopping of the pump current for a predetermined time at predetermined intervals from the starting of supplying power to the heater, by means of the first timer, wherein when the pump current shows a predetermined value or higher, the pump current is stopped and the second timer is started, and when the operation of the second timer is finished, the judgment of the activation of the sensor is made, and at the same time, the stopping of the pump current is removed.

Abstract: A heater control device for an air-fuel ratio sensor which comprises: an air-fuel ratio sensor comprising a sensor element which detects an air-fuel ratio state of exhaust gas of an engine, and a heater which heats the sensor elements; a heater current flow control means for controlling a value of a resistance of the heater to be a target resistance value; a harness having a couple of couplers at both ends thereof which connects between the air-fuel ratio sensor and the heater current flow control means; and a current detecting resistance which is incorporated in the coupler on the air-fuel ratio sensor side, or provided adjacent to said coupler on the air-fuel ratio sensor side, and which is connected to the heater in series and detects current of the heater.

Abstract: A light emitted from the light emitting element is introduced to the refraction surface formed in one part of the transparent body to cause the light beam to refract at least once and to impinge upon the first dimensional optical position detector element, thereby detecting index of refraction of fuel in accordance with the position at which the light beam impinges on the first dimension optical position detector element and bubbles in the fuel can be detected in accordance with the relative value relationship between the total light-receiving amounts. Alternatively, the monitor for monitoring the light emission from the light emitting element may be provided, and detecting bubbles in the fuel in accordance with the relative value relationship between the total light-receiving amount and an output from the monitor. Further, the light-emitting element may be controlled by the light-emitting element control so that the output from the total light-receiving amount detector is maintained constant.

Abstract: A detection apparatus for detecting a dielectric constant of fuel having an electrode disposed in a fuel passage and applied with an excitation signal, a monolayer-wound coil disposed in the vicinity of the electrode so that fuel is introduced in a space between the excitation electrode and the coil, a phase comparator which receives the signal to be applied to the excitation electrode and a signal induced in the coil to thereby compare the signals. The phase difference between both signals is detected using a low-pass filter to output the d.c. signal component of an output signal of phase comparator, a comparison integrator connected to the low-pass filter to output a controlled output signal so that the phase difference between the excitation signal and the induced signal in the coil becomes 90.degree.

Abstract: A heater control device for an air-fuel ratio sensor which comprises: an air-fuel ratio sensor comprising a sensor element which detects an air-fuel ratio state of exhaust gas of an engine, and a heater which heats the sensor elements; a heater current flow control means for controlling a value of a resistance of the heater to be a target resistance value; a harness having a couple of couplers at both ends thereof which connects between the air-fuel ratio sensor and the heater current flow control means; and a current detecting resistance which is incorporated in the coupler on the air-fuel ratio sensor side, or provided adjacent to said coupler on the air-fuel ratio sensor side, and which is connected to the heater in series and detects current of the heater.

Abstract: A device for determining activation of an air-fuel ratio sensor which comprises an air-fuel ratio sensor comprising an air-fuel ratio sensor comprising an oxygen concentration cell element and an oxygen pump element arranged in an exhaust system of an engine provided with electrodes and an interposing diffusion chamber wherein exhaust gas is diffused and introduced, and a heater for heating the oxygen concentration cell element and the oxygen pump element; a pump current controlling means for controlling pump current which flows in the pump element so that the electromotive force of the concentration cell element becomes a predetermined reference voltage; a pump current detecting means; a pump current cutting means; a pump voltage detecting means; a heater power supplying means; a memorizing means for memorizing a previous pump voltage allowable range for the pump current or a target air-fuel ratio of the engine; and a timer means operated at every predetermined time interval for starting the heater supplying

Abstract: A device for determining activation of an air-fuel ratio sensor comprising an air-fuel ratio sensor arranged in an exhaust system of an engine and having a heater for heating an oxygen concentration cell element and an oxygen pump element, a current flowing means for flowing a predetermined current from a first electrode of the concentration cell to a reference electrode, a pump current controlling means for controlling current flowing in the pump element so that a sensor voltage between the reference electrode and the first electrode becomes a reference voltage, a pump current detecting means, a current flow cutting means, a sensor voltage detecting means, a heater power supplying means, and a timer means operated at every predetermined time interval for starting the heater supplying power means to the heater during a pump-current-cut state and for operating the current flow cutting means during the predetermined time interval.

Abstract: A liquid content detecting device is provided which can detect the contents of liquid components such as alcohol in a mixed fuel (both regular and premium gasolines) with a high degree of preciseness at all times over the entire operating temperature range in which the device is used. A refractive index sensor senses the refractive index of a liquid mixture which includes N kinds of liquid components. A liquid-kine identifying means identifies the kind of each of the liquid components. A temperature sensor senses the temperature of the liquid mixture. A liquid content calculator stores a temperature-dependent refractive index characteristic of various kinds of liquids including the liquid components in advance.

Abstract: A refractive index sensor senses the refractive index of a mixed liquid and generates a corresponding signal. A temperature sensor senses the temperature of the liquid and generates a corresponding signal. A signal mixer mixes the refractive index signal and the temperature signal with each other to provide a single mixed signal which is then fed through a single signal line to a liquid content calculator where the sensed refractive index is modified based on the sensed liquid temperature to provide a temperature compensated refractive index from which the content of a liquid component in the liquid is calculated. This simplifies the arrangement of the entire apparatus and improves the operational reliability thereof as compared with the case in which the two signals are separately supplied to the liquid content calculator through two signal supply systems.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control apparatus for an internal combustion engine controls a fuel supplying means by a signal generated from an air-fuel sensor so that the air-fuel ratio of a gas mixture to be sucked into the internal combustion engine becoms a target air-fuel ratio. The air-fuel ratio control apparatus corrects the target air-fuel ratio by a parameter on the condition of the engine detected by the detecting means so that a fuel supplying device is controlled to obtain a corrected target air-fuel ratio.

Abstract: An alcohol concentration detecting apparatus comprising a transparent body (1,1a,1b,1c,1d) transparent to light and having a refraction surface (9) disposed, when in use, in contact with liquid fuel (12) to define an interface between the transparent body and the fuel, the transparent body (1) defining a light path (7,16) for allowing the light to pass through the refraction surface (9) for refracting the light (7). A light-emitting element (4) is disposed on one end of the light path and emitting a light beam (7,16) along the light path, and a position detector element (8) disposed at the other end of the light path for receiving a refracted light beam refracted at the refraction surface (9) and generating an output indicative of the amount of alcohol contained in the fuel. The sensor also comprises an optical lens (6;13,13a,13b,14,14a,14b) for directing and focusing the light beam (7,16) from the light-emitting element (4) onto the optical position detector element ( 8).

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a device for detecting alcoholic content in a fuel by finding its refractive index, which is of such a construction that a refractive interface for the fuel is formed on the half way of a light transmission body; a light emitting element is provided at one end of the light transmission body, from which incident light is introduced into said refractive interface; and a single dimensional light position sensing detector is provided at the other end of the light transmitting body, into which the light refracted at the refractive interface is introduced; or it is of such a construction that a light emitting element and a single dimensional light position sensing detector are provided at one end of a light transmission body; a refractive interface and a reflecting surface are provided at the other end of the light transmission body, wherein an incident light from the light emitting element, which has entered into the refractive interface and has been refracted there, is reflect

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting the distance between one's car and the car ahead, together with the angle between the axes of the two cars. The apparatus has a pair of driving optical systems disposed at a predetermined distance from each other, each driving optical system comprising an optical system having a light projector which projects pulse light having a specific code toward the car which is ahead of the one's car and a light receiver which receives the reflected pulse light from the car ahead, the light projector and receiver being disposed in so close proximity to each other that the respective optical axes can be considered to be on substantially the same axis, and a driving system for adjusting the angle of projection of the light projector on the basis of a signal from the light receiver.