Abstract: An optical amplification device which includes first and second optical amplifiers, and a controller. The first optical amplifier receives a light and amplifies the received light. The second optical amplifier receives the light amplified by the first optical amplifier, and amplifies the received light. When a level of the light received by the first optical amplifier changes by ?, the controller controls a level of the light received by the second optical amplifier to change by approximately ??. In various embodiments, the controller causes the sum of the gains of the first and second optical amplifiers to be constant. In other embodiments, the optical amplification device includes first and second optical amplifier and a gain adjustor. The gain adjustor detects a deviation in gain of the first optical amplifier from a target gain, and adjusts the gain of the second optical amplifier to compensate for the detected deviation.

Abstract: An optical amplification device which includes first and second optical amplifiers, and a controller. The first optical amplifier receives a light and amplifies the received light. The second optical amplifier receives the light amplified by the first optical amplifier, and amplifies the received light. When a level of the light received by the first optical amplifier changes by ?, the controller controls a level of the light received by the second optical amplifier to change by approximately ??. In various embodiments, the controller causes the sum of the gains of the first and second optical amplifiers to be constant. In other embodiments, the optical amplification device includes first and second optical amplifier and a gain adjustor. The gain adjustor detects a deviation in gain of the first optical amplifier from a target gain, and adjusts the gain of the second optical amplifier to compensate for the detected deviation.

Abstract: Provided is an antiallergic agent including, as an active ingredient, a fermentation product of a propionic acid bacterium.

Abstract: An optical amplification device which includes first and second optical amplifiers, and a controller. The first optical amplifier receives a light and amplifies the received light. The second optical amplifier receives the light amplified by the first optical amplifier, and amplifies the received light. When a level of the light received by the first optical amplifier changes by ?, the controller controls a level of the light received by the second optical amplifier to change by approximately ??. In various embodiments, the controller causes the sum of the gains of the first and second optical amplifiers to be constant. In other embodiments, the optical amplification device includes first and second optical amplifier and a gain adjustor. The gain adjustor detects a deviation in gain of the first optical amplifier from a target gain, and adjusts the gain of the second optical amplifier to compensate for the detected deviation.

Abstract: An optical element is provided includes an optical layer having a flat incident surface on which light is incident and a wavelength-selective reflective layer disposed in the optical layer. Of light incident on the incident surface at an incident angle (?, ?), the optical element selectively directionally reflects light in at least one specific wavelength range in at least one direction other than a specular reflection direction (??, ?+180°) while transmitting light in at least one wavelength range other than the specific wavelength range, and is transparent to light in at least one wavelength range other than the specific wavelength range.

Abstract: When an action content command and an action target character is received, a control section and a graphics processor identify action executing standby time in accordance with a predetermined time identifying rule. The control section and the graphics processor then identify an action executable range in which a player character can execute the received action content in accordance with a predetermined range identifying rule, and determines whether or not an action target character that is a target of the received action content exists within the identified action executable range. The control section and the graphic processor execute the received action content against the action target character in the case where it is determined that the action target character exists within the action executable range when action executing standby time is clocked.

Abstract: A photo amplifying apparatus for amplifying wavelength division multiplexed signals includes a specific wavelength measuring unit for measuring a specific wavelength at a measuring point, a total power measuring unit for measuring all wavelengths at the measuring point, and an output control unit for controlling the output of the photo amplifying apparatus based on the light power measured by the specific wavelength measuring unit and the total power measuring unit. Since the photo amplifying apparatus measures both the specific wavelength and all wavelengths, the photo amplifying apparatus can determine change in the number of multiplexed wavelengths and the gain gradient of the photo signals, and can properly control its output level.

Abstract: The present inventors produced lotus leaf extracts, and discovered that quercetin is one of the active ingredients. As a result of treating ?3-adrenergic receptor-expressing cells and feeding diabetes model mice with quercetin and evaluating its effects, the present inventors discovered specifically that quercetin produces obesity-improving effects and antidiabetic effects by acting as a ?3-adrenergic receptor agonist.

Abstract: A thin-wall bearing, comprising a retainer (4) formed in a divided type having a plurality of resin plate-like members (5), (5), . . . curved along an inner ring (1) and an outer ring (2). The retainer (4) comprises pockets (6) opening to the axial end part thereof and rollingly holding balls (3). Slit-like through holes (14) extending in the axial direction and opening to the axial end part where the opening parts (7) of the pockets (6) are positioned are formed at the center parts of pillars (10) between the pockets (6) and (6) adjacent to each other. As a result, the thin-wall bearing can have excellent lubricity.

Abstract: When an action content command and an action target character is received, a control section and a graphics processor identify action executing standby time in accordance with a predetermined time identifying rule. The control section and the graphics processor then identify an action executable range in which a player character can execute the received action content in accordance with a predetermined range identifying rule, and determines whether or not an action target character that is a target of the received action content exists within the identified action executable range. The control section and the graphic processor execute the received action content against the action target character in the case where it is determined that the action target character exists within the action executable range when action executing standby time is clocked.

Abstract: An optical amplifier includes first and second optical amplifier units, a variable optical attenuator optically coupled between the first and second optical amplifier units, a first control unit to control gains of the first and second optical amplifier units based on an input of the first optical amplifier unit and an output of the second optical amplifier unit, and a second control unit to control an attenuation quantity of the variable optical attenuator based on the input and an output of the first optical amplifier unit and an input and the output of the second optical amplifier unit.

Abstract: A system in which details regarding an action for each of multiple player characters may be preset easily and accurately is provided. In a gambit battle action determining process a control section determines whether an action condition in a gambit whose gambit number is “K” is met or not (Step S142). The control section determines whether an action target indicated by the gambit whose gambit number is “K” exists or not, in which a status condition thereof is met. In the case where the action condition is not met, a gambit for a next gambit number is determined. In the case where the action condition is met, it is determined that an action content in the gambit is carried out against an action target indicated by the gambit (Step S143).

Abstract: In a license confirmation and setting interruption process, a controller, generates a license setting screen for a predetermined player character A, and displays the generated license setting screen on an image display portion. Upon receiving a selection area movement request, which is a request for a movement of a cursor to select a license in accordance with an operation of an input portion, in case that it is a license fulfilling selection allowance condition, and there are sufficient life points (LPs), the controller moves the cursor to an object requested by the selection area movement request. Upon receiving a license acquisition request, the controller subtracts the LPs needed to set the selected license from remaining LPs acquired and possessed by player character A, and sets the selected license for player character A.

Abstract: The present inventors focused on the lotus plant and prepared lotus extracts. When ?-glucosidase and its substrate sucrose were reacted with the lotus extracts to examine the effect of adding the extracts on the enzymatic reaction, the lotus extracts were found to have ?-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Furthermore, when the lotus extract and sucrose were administered to mice and their blood glucose levels were measured, the lotus extracts were found to suppress blood glucose levels. More specifically, the present inventors discovered that the lotus extracts have ?-glucosidase inhibitory activity and can be used to control blood glucose levels.

Abstract: Multiple characters in a video game can be displayed in a field so as to be easily distinguished, allowing the video game to proceed smoothly while maintaining realism. When an action content command and an action target character are received, a control section and a graphics processor carry out the control to display a target line for notifying the category of action in an action content specified by the action content command and a character that a player character specifies as the action target. In this way, by viewing an image in which a target line is in turn drawn from the player character to the target character, a player of the video game can quickly and easily recognize an action entity and an action target. This makes it possible to display the multiple characters in a field so as to be easily distinguished, and therefore, the video game can proceed smoothly while maintaining realism.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aqueous resin composition that can be utilized in a wide variety of fields including paints for vehicles, paints for cans, paints for the outer facings of buildings, adhesives, inks, impregnating agents for fibers and paper, and sealing agents and the like, wherein the aqueous resin composition comprises a polyester resin (A) having an acid value from 10 to 50 and a hydroxyl value from 20 to 150, a vinyl modified polyester resin (B) having an acid value from 20 to 100 and a hydroxyl value from 20 to 150, and a curing agent (C).

Abstract: An optical amplification device which includes first and second optical amplifiers, and a controller. The first optical amplifier receives a light and amplifies the received light. The second optical amplifier receives the light amplified by the first optical amplifier, and amplifies the received light. When a level of the light received by the first optical amplifier changes by ?, the controller controls a level of the light received by the second optical amplifier to change by approximately ??. In various embodiments, the controller causes the sum of the gains of the first and second optical amplifiers to be constant. In other embodiments, the optical amplification device includes first and second optical amplifier and a gain adjustor. The gain adjustor detects a deviation in gain of the first optical amplifier from a target gain, and adjusts the gain of the second optical amplifier to compensate for the detected deviation.

Abstract: It is a field electron emission film which is able to form a field electron emission film less in the amount of residual gas and stable in the amount of emitted electrons. Because it is formed in thin film, resistivity value of the film within the plane becomes even, and this is a field electron emission film having excellent smoothness, and higher electron emission property. Carbon nanotube structural body of 0.001 to 40% by weight, and a heat decomposition product of 0.01% by weight or more obtained by heat decomposition of a heat-decomposable metal compound are included. Organo-metallic compound, metal salt, organo-metallic salt compound and metal complex are preferable as the heat-decomposable metal compound.

Abstract: An optical amplification device which includes first and second optical amplifiers, and a controller. The first optical amplifier receives a light and amplifies the received light. The second optical amplifier receives the light amplified by the first optical amplifier, and amplifies the received light. When a level of the light received by the first optical amplifier changes by ?, the controller controls a level of the light received by the second optical amplifier to change by approximately ??. In various embodiments, the controller causes the sum of the gains of the first and second optical amplifiers to be constant. In other embodiments, the optical amplification device includes first and second optical amplifier and a gain adjustor. The gain adjustor detects a deviation in gain of the first optical amplifier from a target gain, and adjusts the gain of the second optical amplifier to compensate for the detected deviation.

Abstract: An excavating drive (22) movable backward/forward is accommodated in a turnable body (9) which in turn is turnable about an axis perpendicular to an axis of and in a skin plate (7). A cutter device (38) ahead of a rotor (22) in the excavating drive (22) is composed of a center cutter (40) supported by the excavating drive (22) and a plurality of face plate shaped expansion cutters (44) fitted to an outer periphery of the center cutter (40) for pivotal movement backward/forward. Tunneling is effected by the expanded cutter device with the expansion cutters (44) being pivoted forward. Upon replacement of bits (35; 35?), the expansion cutters (44) are pivoted backward for contraction of an assembly of them and the cutter device (38) is accommodated in a turning trajectory (R) of the turnable body (9) so that the turnable body (9) is turned backward for replacement of the damaged bits (35; 35?) backward.