Abstract: The present invention provides an improved two-layer coating system. The present invention relates to a process for forming a cured gradient coating film, comprising the steps of: applying an aqueous electrodeposition coating composition comprising at least two resins and a curing agent, on an electrically conductive substrate, heating a electrodeposition coating film to form a layer separation, and then, curing the electrodeposition coating film to form a cured gradient coating film; wherein the resins include one resin component constituting a resin layer (a) in direct contact with air before applying top coating and other resin component constituting a resin layer (b) in direct contact with the electrically conductive substrate, and, wherein a solubility parameter (?a) of a resin component A and a solubility parameter (?b) of a resin component B have a specific relationship.

Abstract: In a method of producing an oil-in-water type emulsion containing an internally crosslinked fine resin particle, the fine resin particle is encapsulated in an emulsion particle having an average particle diameter of 0.02 to 0.3 ?m. The method includes a step of undergoing phase transition from a water-in-oil type emulsion (Y) which includes a resin (A) having a cationic group or an anionic group, an acid or a base (B) neutralizing 20 to 150 mole percent of the cationic group or the anionic group in the resin (A), an internally crosslinked fine resin particle (C), having an average particle diameter of 0.01 to 0.2 ?m, dispersed in an oil phase and an aqueous medium (D) to an oil-in-water type emulsion (Z) by adding the aqueous medium (D) further to the water-in-oil type emulsion (Y).

Abstract: In a method of producing an oil-in-water type emulsion containing an internally crosslinked fine resin particle, the fine resin particle is encapsulated in an emulsion particle having an average particle diameter of 0.02 to 0.3 &mgr;m. The method includes a step of undergoing phase transition from a water-in-oil type emulsion (Y) which includes a resin (A) having a cationic group or an anionic group, an acid or a base (B) neutralizing 20 to 150 mole percent of the cationic group or the anionic group in the resin (A), an internally crosslinked fine resin particle (C), having an average particle diameter of 0.01 to 0.2 &mgr;m, dispersed in an oil phase and an aqueous medium (D) to an oil-in-water type emulsion (Z) by adding the aqueous medium (D) further to the water-in-oil type emulsion (Y).

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved two-layer coating system. The present invention relates to a process for forming a cured gradient coating film, comprising the steps of: applying an aqueous electrodeposition coating composition comprising at least two resins and a curing agent, on an electrically conductive substrate, heating a electrodeposition coating film to form a layer separation, and then, curing the electrodeposition coating film to form a cured gradient coating film; wherein the resins include one resin component constituting a resin layer (a) in direct contact with air before applying top coating and other resin component constituting a resin layer (b) in direct contact with the electrically conductive substrate, and, wherein a solubility parameter (&dgr;a) of a resin component A and a solubility parameter (&dgr;b) of a resin component B have a specific relationship.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved 2 wet coating system. The present invention relates to a process for forming a multi layered coated film comprising the steps of: forming an uncured electrodeposition coated film on an electrically conductive substrate, applying an intermediate coating on the electrodeposition coated film, and then simultaneously heating and curing the uncured electrodeposition coated film and an uncured intermediate coated film, forming an uncured base coated film on the intermediate coated film, applying a clear top coating on the base coated film, and then simultaneously heating and curing the uncured base coated film and an uncured clear coated film; wherein the electrodeposition coating forms a self-stratifying coated film, and a dynamic glass transition temperature of a resin layer (&agr;) in direct contact with the electrically conductive substrate and that of a resin layer (&bgr;) in direct contact with the intermediate coated film are controlled.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrodeposition coating composition excellent in storage stability and capable of forming a novel multilayer structure comprising a particle A containing a resin (a) whose solubility parameter is &dgr;a, and a particle B containing a curing agent and a resin (b) whose solubility parameter is &dgr;b, wherein the value of (&dgr;b-&dgr;a) is not less than 1.0.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of forming a multilayer coating film comprising the step (I) of coating an article to be coated with an electrodeposition coating containing two resin components incompatible with each other followed by curing by heating to form an electrodeposited coating film, the step (II) of applying a water-borne intermediate coating onto the electrodeposited coating film to form an uncured intermediate coating film, the step (III) of applying a water-borne base coating onto the intermediate coating film to form an uncured base coating film, the step (IV) of applying a clear coating onto the base coating film to form an uncured clear coating film and the step (V) of curing the intermediate coating film, the base coating film and the clear coating film simultaneously by heating to thereby obtain a multilayer coating film.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a method of forming a multilayer coating film by which the multilayer coating film comparable in shock resistance, in particular chipping resistance, to the conventional three-coat films can be formed in the three-wet one-bake coating system which is intended for coating process curtailment, cost reduction and environmental impact reduction.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrodeposition coating composition excellent in storage stability and capable of forming a novel multilayer structure and thus useful in the three-wet one-bake coating technique which is intended for coating process curtailment, cost reduction and environmental impact reduction and by which coating films not only comparable in appearance, solvent resistance and corrosion resistance to the conventional three-coat films but also excellent in shock resistance (chipping resistance) can be formed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coating method of intermediate-coating-less, which sufficiently keeps excellent appearance, weather resistance and corrosion resistance equal to a three layer coating in conventional technology. The method of the present invention comprises: electrocoating an aqueous paint composition comprising at least two sort of resins which are insoluble with each other, a curing agent and a pigment, on an electrically conductive substrate, heating it to form a layer separation, and then curing to form a plural layered cured coating having at least two layers, wherein a concentration of the pigment is distributed such that a pigment concentration (a) in the resin layer directly contacting air is relatively higher than a pigment concentration (b) in the resin layer directly contacting the electrically conductive substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photosensitive resin composition which is superior in water-developing properties, resilience, strength of resin plate after exposure, elongation at break, and transparency of resin plate. The composition comprises:(1) a particulate copolymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture comprising:(a) an aliphatic conjugated diene monomer,(b) a monomer represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## and (c) a monomer having at least two groups capable of addition-polymerizing;(2) a photopolymerizable unsaturated monomer;(3) an amino group-containing compound; and(4) a photopolymerization initiator.

Abstract: A photosensitive resin composition is provided which is excellent in water developability, impact resilience, resin plate strength after exposure, breaking extension, and resin-plate transparency. The composition comprises:(1) a granular copolymer produced by polymerizing a monomer mixture comprising:(i) an aliphatic conjugated diene monomer;(ii) a monomer expressed by the general formula (I): ##STR1## (in which R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R.sup.2 represents an alkylene group having a carbon number of 3 to 20, and l represents an integer of 1 to 20);(iii) a monomer having at least two addition-polymerizable groups, and(iv) an addition-polymerizable monomer other than (i), (ii) and (iii), if desirable;(2) a photo-polymerizable unsaturated monomer;(3) an amino group-containing compound, and(4) a photo-polymerization initiator.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a developer-circulating method and an apparatus for carrying out the method in making a flexographic printing plate which prevents dissolved chemical substance from adversely affecting human bodies and has excellent safety; capable of preventing the increase of the viscosity of developer; and capable of effectively preventing the dissolved chemical substance from adhering to the apparatus, thus preventing the life of the apparatus from being reduced and collecting the dissolved chemical substance in a short period of time and which is superior in operation efficiency, work efficiency, and treating efficiency. Solid content of liquid containing resin component which has eluted from flexographic printing plates 3, 42 and dispersed in developer is flocculated by flocculating agent, and the liquid containing the flocculated solid content is separated into the liquid and solid contents.

Abstract: The present invention provides a resin composition for flexographic printing plate, which is superior in rubber elasticity, hardness and elongation as well as water developability. The resin composition for flexographic printing plate capable of water developing, attains excellent rubber elasticity, hardness and elongation without deterioration of water developability, using as elastic particles copolymer elastic particles having whisker on the particle surface which forms an entanglement between particles.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing crosslinked resin particles which comprises dispersing a resin having both a water-dispersible function and a self-crosslinkable function in one molecule in an aqueous medium and then three-dimensionally crosslinking.

Abstract: The present invention provides an indirect type lithographic printing original plate which can afford a high-quality print without causing scumming in the background area. The indirect type lithographic printing original plate includes a substrate and a zinc oxide-dispersed resin layer formed on the surface of the substrate, the substrate being a plastic film or sheet containing 1 to 40% by weight of a polymer antistatic agent having a melting point of not less than 90.degree. C., and wherein the polymer antistatic agent is substantially insoluble in water and isopropyl alcohol.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photosensitive material for printing comprising a photoconductive layer containing a phthalocyanine compound and a binder resin provided on a conductive substrate. The binder resin is composed of one or more sorts of resins. At least one sort of the resin is a homopolymer of a radical-polymerizable monomer (I) of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or a methyl group, m is an integer of 2 to 5 and n is an integer of 0 to 10. An amount of the homopolymer is 0.01 to 50% by weight based on the total amount of the binder resin.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrographic printing photosensitive resin composition, which exhibits a good photosensitivity in a negative corona charging system and is useful for a laser platemaking system using semi-conductor laser light within a near infrared range as a light source.Disclosed is a negative charging type printing photosensitive resin composition comprising a phthalocyanine compound (a), a mercaptoarylimidazole (thiazole) compound (b) and, if necessary, a compound selected from the group consisting of a condensed polycyclic quinone compound, a bisazo compound, a cyanine compound, a quinacridone compound and a mixture thereof (d), said compounds being dispersed in a binder resin (c). A printing photosensitive resin plate using the photosensitive resin composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: Polymer microparticles having immobilized therein a water-insoluble substance such as oil-soluble dyes or pigments are produced by a method which includes the steps of forming droplets of a solution of a self-emulsifiable resin in a nonaqueous solvent containing the water-insoluble substance and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer suspended in an aqueous medium, and then allowing the monomer in the droplets to polymerize in situ.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photosensitive resin composition which has improved water developability and storage stability. The composition comprises(I) crosslinked resin particles prepared by a post-emulsion method from(a) a base resin having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 0.degree. C. or less and a polymerizable double bond,(b) a monomer which, when polymerized, provides a resin in which Tg is 20.degree. C. higher than that of the base resin, or a resin in which Tg is 20.degree. C. higher than that of the base resin,(c) a polyvinyl compound, and(d) a polymerization initiator(II) a photopolymerizable unsaturated monomer, and(III) a photopolymerization initiator.