Abstract: This invention relates to a computer software program product, including computer readable memory and a computer software program stored on the memory, for calculating linkage disequilibrium values for individual pairs of gene loci for two or more gene polymorphism data groups and displaying results comparatively on a display monitor.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for reading a gel electrophoresis pattern can read the gel electrophoresis pattern of a sample, such as a nucleic acid and a protein, with high sensitivity and without requiring the use of an expensive device structure such as a laser light source of unique type.

Abstract: A computer software program and a method are provided to design an optimum oligo-nucleic acid sequence candidate from a nucleic acid base sequence. The program comprises a first command for receiving and storing a specified tolerance of double-chain bond temperature; a second command for computing the double-chain bond temperature of a partial sequence at each length, as extending the length; and a third command for determining whether or not the double-chain bond temperature computed by the second command falls within the tolerance specified by the first command, and in case it falls within the range, for outputting the partial sequence with the length as an oligo-nucleic acid sequence candidate. Based on the inputted tolerance of double-chain bond temperature, oligo-nucleic acid sequences with various lengths that meet the double-chain bond temperature condition can be obtained. An oligo-nucleic acid array mounted with the designed oligo-nucleic acid sequences is also provided.

Abstract: A method is disclosed which is capable of increasing a S/N ratio without subjecting a sample to any treatment to thereby detect hybridization with high sensitivity. A fragmentarily divided probe is used which is prepared by dividing a single probe 12 into a plurality of fragmentary probes 12a, 12b, and labeling the fragmentary probes with different fluorescent materials 14a, 14b, respectively. When the probe is hybridized with a sample 11, the fragmentary probes 12a,12b reconstitute the single probe. An intermittent light beam is used as excitation light 19. The fluorescent material 14a is excited therewith, and fluorescence 18 emitted from the fluorescent material 14b through multistep excitation is detected while irradiation with the excitation light is intermitted.

Abstract: The apparatus for reading a luminescence pattern is equipped with a stage on which the sample to be read is mounted. A photoreceptor disk is installed in the lower part of the stage and scans and condenses light from the luminescent pattern of the sample at positions determined by the rotation of a rotary plate. A transport mechanism causes the stage and the photoreceptor disk to undergo relative motion. An optical guide part guides the light from the luminescent pattern to a photoelectric converter. The optical guide part may include mirrors or one or more optical fibers. The photoelectric converter converts the light into an electrical signal. A controller controls how scanning is performed by the photoreceptor disk and transport mechanism and generates a read scanning position signal. A data processor performs data processing by converting the electrical signal into a digital signal and obtains a scanning position signal from the controller.

Abstract: A scanning apparatus for scanning and reading a luminescent pattern of a sample in a flat-plate shape, having a placing member for placing the sample as an object for reading; a light condensing member for condensing light emitted from the luminescent pattern of the sample; a movement member for moving the light condensing member relative to the placing member; a light receiving member for dividing the light of the luminescent pattern of the sample condensed by the light condensing member into predetermined segments and receiving the light by scanning the light from the segments in a one-dimensional way; a photoelectrical conversion member for converting optical signals of the light received by the light receiving member into electrical signals; a control member for controlling a scan by the light receiving member in accordance with the electrical signals from the photoelectrical conversion member; and a data processing member for converting the electrical signals from the photoelectrical conversion member in

Abstract: The gene database retrieval system, for making a retrieval for a gene sequence having a sequence similar to a sequence data from a gene database, contains a gene database for storing the sequence data of genes whose structures or sequences have already been analyzed and identified, a dynamic programming operation unit for determining the degree of similarity between target data and key data by utilizing the sequence data of the bases of the gene from the gene database as the target data and the sequence data of the bases as the key for retrieval, and a central processing device unit for executing the access process to make access to the gene database, in parallel to the operation process for determining the degree of similarity by transmitting the sequence data of the bases from the gene database continually one after another into the dynamic programming operation unit as the target data, by controlling the gene database and the dynamic programming operation unit.

Abstract: The electrophoresis apparatus has a capillary filled with gel for use in electrophoresis. A first buffer solution container is provided for storing a buffer solution and introducing a sample labelled with a fluorescent substance into an inlet of said capillary for electrophoresis. A second buffer solution container is provided for storing a buffer solution containing a luminous solution, into which said sample is continually introduced from an outlet of said capillary after electrophoresis. Electrophoresis means is provided for subjecting said sample to electrophoresis by applying a predetermined value of voltage to said gel through which said sample is being transferred while being electrophoresed. Light receiving means is disposed underneath the outlet of said capillary to read fluorescence emitted from said sample from bottom in a direction in which said sample is approaching closer.

Abstract: A DNA sequence transcribing method involves labeling a DNA fragment with a fluorescent substance, subjecting the labeled fragments to electrophoresis, exposing a gel containing the DNA fragment to light during electrophoresis, and detecting fluorescence generated upon exposure. An image corresponding to a fluorescent image on the gel is transcribed on a recording medium by entering a detecting signal in synchronization with operation of detecting fluorescence on the gel containing the DNA fragment after electrophoresis. This arrangement enables a crude fluorescent image on the gel containing the DNA fragment to be recorded as an intact image of the DNA sequencing on the basis of the fluorescent method, and the image can be retained.

Abstract: A fluorescence pattern reading apparatus for reading a fluorescence pattern by exciting a fluorescence substance labeled on a sample developed into an electrophoresis pattern by electrophoresis of the sample has optical scanning mechanisms, a light-receiving unit, a photoelectric converting unit, and amplifiers. The mechanisms are to irradiate the gel in the direction of thickness of the gel by scanning the irradiation light for exciting the fluorescent substance of the fluorescence patter. The light-receiving unit is to receive the fluorescence by separating the fluorescence from the light scattered on the reading surface of the gel due to a spatial position relationship of a light-receiving path in which the light-receiving surface is set to exist in the direction different from the axis of the irradiation light. The photoelectric converting unit is to generate electric signals by converting light signals received by the light-receiving unit.

Abstract: A multi-colored electrophoresis pattern reading apparatus is capable of labelling each of plural samples separately with each of plural fluorescent substances having different fluorescence wavelengths, by electrophoresing the plural samples to develop a pattern, exciting the fluorescent substances labelled on the samples to emit fluorescence, and reading a fluorescent pattern emitting the fluorescence.

Abstract: The multi-colored electrophoresis pattern reading system compares the patterns of electrophoresis without a warp to be caused upon electrophoresis by reading the patterns of electrophoresis which is carried out concurrently for plural samples and by labelling the samples with fluorescent substances having different fluorescent wavelengths. The patterns of electrophoresis are read by allowing fluorescence to emit from the plural samples. In reading the fluorescent patterns, optical signals are received by the light receiving section and then the fluorescence having a predetermined wavelength is separated by the fluorescent-wavelength separating section from the optical signals with the aid of an optical filter capable of controlling an angle of incidence relative to the optical axis of the optical filter.

Abstract: An electrophoresis pattern reading system of fluorescent type is comprised of a detachable migration unit comprising a gel functioning as a base for electrophoresis and a gel-supporting body for supporting the gel; an electrophoresis unit, to which the migration unit is mounted, for performing electrophoresis by applying migrating voltage to the gel to which a sample labeled with a fluorescent substance is added; and a reading unit including an instrumentation subunit for reading an electrophoresis pattern, to which the migration unit is mounted after electrophoresis and which receives fluorescence emitted from the fluorescent substance of the sample on the gel upon application of light to the gel.

Abstract: An electrophoresis pattern reading system of fluorescent type is comprised of a detachable migration unit comprising a gel functioning as a base for electrophoresis and a gel-supporting body for supporting the gel; an electrophoresis unit, to which the migration unit is mounted, for performing electrophoresis by applying migrating voltage to the gel to which a sample labeled with a fluorescent substance is added; and a reading unit including an instrumentation subunit for reading an electrophoresis pattern, to which the migration unit is mounted after electrophoresis and which receives fluorescence emitted from the fluorescent substance of the sample on the gel upon application of light to the gel.