Abstract: There is disclosed an electrode 10 generating hydro-dynamic pressure for electrolytic dressing grinding. The electrode has a plurality of narrow portions 11 having constant gaps from a processed surface 1a of a grinding wheel 1, and a plurality of concave portions 12 each disposed between the narrow portions and having a gap wider than the narrow portion. A section of flow path (gap) formed between the grinding wheel 1 and the electrode 10 becomes concave/convex along a moving direction of the grinding wheel 1. When the liquid repeatedly flows through the concave/convex gap, dynamic and static pressures generated in the gap largely fluctuate. By the fluctuation, the adhesion of metal deposits to the narrow portions 11 is reduced, and the concave portions 12 form pockets, so that the electrolytic liquid can be stably supplied and the inclusion of air can be reduced.

Abstract: In a free form machining tool 10 for machining a surface to be machined while bringing the lower end into contact with the surface to be machined by a rotation around an axis z, the tool comprises a spherical tool 12 having a spherical surface machining section 13 on the lower portion, and a bearing 14 for supporting the spherical tool by an axis a of rotation which passes through the center .largecircle. of the spherical surface and is different from the axis. The tool also includes rotating means 16 (for example, a turbine) for rotating the spherical tool around the axis of rotation. Thus, even if the spherical surface machining section comes into contact with the surface to be machined on the axis (radius: 0) of the tool, the spherical surface machining section is rotated around the axis a of rotation which is different from the axis z. Therefore, a peripheral speed of the axis is not zero (0).

Abstract: An electrode (4) is disposed spaced away from and in facing relation with an electrically conductive grinding wheel (2). There is applied a voltage across the grinding wheel and the electrode with making electrically conductive fluid (7) flow between the grinding wheel and the electrode. A position of the grinding wheel is numerically controlled with the grinding wheel being dressed by electrolysis to thereby grind a work with the grinding wheel. The work is ground in accordance with command data Zx.sup.(i), and then a shape of a ground surface is measured by means of a measuring device (12). The measurement data is filtered to thereby record shape error data e.sub.x.sup.(i). There is established new command data Zx.sup.(i+1) by adding compensation, and then the work is ground again with the thus established new command data. The compensation refers to past command data, and determines new command data to be equal to an expected value of the past command data.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for mirror surface grinding which enables high quality, stable ELID grinding; and a grinding wheel for electrolytic dressing. The apparatus comprises a grinding wheel 3 having a contact surface 2 for contacting a workpiece 1, an electrode 4 facing the surface 2, nozzles 5 for supplying conductive fluid between the grinding wheel 3 and the electrode 4, and a power source 6 and feeder 7 for applying a voltage between the grinding wheel and the electrode 4. The bond material, which is selected from among iron, ferrous metal, cobalt, nickel and combinations of two or more thereof, along with grains and sintering aid are molded together and sintered to obtain the conductive grinding wheel. Next, a conductive water-soluble grinding fluid containing an alkanolamine and anions is supplied between the grinding wheel and the electrode, and a pulse wave voltage is applied between the grinding wheel and the electrode to dress the grinding wheel electrolytically during grinding.

Abstract: An apparatus for grinding a workpiece while electrolytically dressing an electrically conductive grinding wheel. The apparatus has an electrically conductive grinding wheel with a contact surface for contacting the workpiece, an electrode opposed to the grinding wheel and spaced a distance therefrom, a nozzle for supplying conductive fluid between the grinding wheel and the electrode, and a device for applying a voltage between the grinding wheel and the electrode. An eddy current sensor is arranged in proximity to the working surface of the grinding wheel for measuring the position of the grinding wheel in a non-contact manner. A grinding wheel controlling device is provided for controlling the position of the grinding wheel based on the values measured by the eddy current sensor.

Abstract: The present invention provides an anti-allergic pharmaceutical composition for ophthalmic topical administration comprising an IgE antibody production inhibitor as an active ingredient. The present invention also provides a process for producing an anti-allergic pharmaceutical composition for ophthalmic topical administration, which comprises mixing an IgE antibody production inhibitor with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.

Abstract: A device for vibrating a workpiece to be processed, serves as a workpiece table to be used to processing the workpiece by means of a rotating tool having a grindstone. The device comprises a table for supporting the workpiece and a base to be detachably furnished to the table of a processing machine. The table is supported on the base via a plurality of piezoelectric actuators each of which is connected electrically to an external controller for vibrating the workpiece being processed by actuating selectively a driving voltage from the controller. The piezoelectric actuator is a laminated piezoelectric element, at least one end of which is secured to the base.

Abstract: This invention provides novel penicillin derivatives of formula [I]; ##STR1## wherein A is hydrogen or hydroxyl, and B represents the cumarin nucleus of formula [III-a]; ##STR2## in which B.sub.1, B.sub.2, B.sub.3, B.sub.4 and B.sub.5 are same or different, and are hydrogen or substituent groups that may contain nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen atom,or nontoxic salts thereof, and bactericides containing said novel penicillin derivatives or nontoxic salts thereof as the main ingredient, and also an advantageous process for producing said novel penicillin derivatives or nontoxic salts thereof, which comprises reacting a derivative of .alpha.-aminobenzylpenicillin with a coumarincarboxylic acid or reacting 6-aminopencillanic acid, a carboxylic acid salt thereof or a protected derivative thereof having the carboxyl blocked with a readily removable protecting group, with a coumarincarboxylic acid phenylglycinamide.

Abstract: A reproducing apparatus includes a blade cleaning system for removing residual material from an imaging surface. The blade is arranged for movement between a first position wherein an edge thereof engages the imaging surface to remove the residual material, and a second position wherein the edge is spaced from the imaging surface. Responsive to a movement of the blade to the second position a device is provided for removing residual material from the blade edge. A supply of lubricating agent is stored in a suitable container arranged above the device for cleaning the blade edge. A dispensing system is responsive to engagement between the blade and the blade edge cleaning device for dispensing a desired amount of lubricating agent onto the blade edge.

Abstract: To insure that fresh toner dispensed into a magnetic brush developing apparatus is thoroughly stirred and mixed with developer which has been stripped from a magnetic roll, the member used to strip the developer from the roll is disposed beneath the toner dispensing opening, and is formed from two inclined plates joined together by a spring to form a continuous inclined surface extending from the roll, the lower plate being connected to a vibration generator.

Abstract: To prevent toner from being deposited on or adhering to certain parts within a developing apparatus, the parts are coated with a conductive layer having no affinity with the toner.