Abstract: A semiconductor memory device comprises a substrate; a mold structure on the substrate; a plurality of channel structures extending in the mold structure; a source layer and a source sacrificial layer between the substrate and the mold structure, wherein the source sacrificial layer is spaced apart from the source layer; and a source support layer on the source layer and the source sacrificial layer, wherein the source support layer is between the source layer and the source sacrificial layer, wherein an upper surface of the source support layer includes first and second portions extending parallel to the substrate, and a third portion that connects the first and second portions, wherein a vertical distance from an upper surface of the source layer to the first portion is smaller than a vertical distance from an upper surface of the substrate to the second portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an observation apparatus which changes and moves planar position coordinates of a moving object connected to an observation unit, so as to adjust an observation direction of the observation unit and a change speed of the observation direction, such that objects moving at low to high speeds can be tracked and observed, and objects in the celestial direction can be observed.

Abstract: An X-ray imaging apparatus includes an imaging device configured to capture a camera image of a target; a controller configured to stitch a plurality of X-ray images of respective divided regions of the target to generate one X-ray image of the target; and a display configured to display a settings window that provides a GUI for receiving a setting of an X-ray irradiation condition for the respective divided regions, and display the camera image in which positions of the respective divided regions are displayed.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) weak magnetic field detection sensor includes a ferromagnetic core, a pickup coil disposed to surround the ferromagnetic core, a substrate that includes an opening, a core pad connected to the ferromagnetic core and a coil pad connected to the pickup coil, and an insulating tube interposed between the ferromagnetic core and the pickup coil. The insulating tube includes a bobbin around which the pickup coil is wound, and a core hole formed to pass through the bobbin and configured to accommodate the ferromagnetic core.

Abstract: A gripper includes a body part, a finger base part coupled to the body part, and a finger part coupled to a first side of the body part or the finger base part and coupled to the body part or the finger base part to be reciprocal, wherein the finger part comprises a first link structure and a second link structure, sides of which are coupled to the finger base part, respectively, and wherein, in the first link structure and the second link structure, a first support area of the first link structure and a second support area of the second link structure reciprocate in only one of a plurality of directions that cross a direction in which the finger part reciprocates with respect to the finger base part.

Abstract: A gripper includes a body part, a finger base part coupled to the body part to be rotatable, the finger base part including a first finger base part and a second finger base part configured such that when the first finger base part is rotated in a first direction with respect to the body part, the second finger base part is provided to be rotatable in a second direction opposite the first direction with respect to the body part, and a finger part coupled to a first side of the body part or the finger base part to be reciprocal.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes a cathode including a cathode current collector and a cathode active material layer formed on the cathode current collector, and an anode including an anode current collector and an anode active material layer formed on the anode current collector. The anode active material layer has an area larger than that of the cathode active material layer. The cathode active material layer includes a central portion and an outer portion surrounding the central portion, and the outer portion has a specific capacity less than that of the central portion.

Abstract: An apparatus of tilting a seat cushion of a vehicle, includes a tilting motor, a pinion gear, a sector gear, and a tilting link which perform the tilting operation of the seat cushion and exert a binding force in a tilted state of the seat cushion and are provided to be connected to both of one side and the other side of a seat cushion frame, and has two sector gears positioned on left and right sides and connected to each other by a connection bar so that, by strengthening a binding force of the front portion of the seat cushion, it is possible to secure the safety of passengers in the event of a collision.

Abstract: A Unified Speech and Audio Codec (USAC) that may process a window sequence based on mode switching is provided. The USAC may perform encoding or decoding by overlapping between frames based on a folding point when mode switching occurs. The USAC may process different window sequences for each situation to perform encoding or decoding, and thereby may improve a coding efficiency.

Abstract: An eco-friendly power source, such as a battery module for a transportation vehicle includes a first sub-module and a second sub-module each including a plurality of battery cells; a lower cover supporting the first sub-module and the second sub-module; a connection member coupled to the first sub-module and the second sub-module, respectively; and a cooling plate coupled to the lower cover and forming a flow path through which a refrigerant can flow, wherein at least a portion of the flow path is disposed to oppose the connection member with the lower cover interposed therebetween.

Abstract: A method of programming an activation function is provided. The method includes generating a segment data for segmenting the activation function; segmenting the activation function into a plurality of segments using the segment data; and approximating at least one segment of the plurality of segments to a programmable segment.

Abstract: A dental implant in which an external thread structure of the implant and an internal polygonal part structure are improved, thereby being capable of preventing a fatigue fracture caused by stress concentration at a portion adjacent to the polygonal part inside the implant. The dental implant implantable into an alveolar bone tissue and forming an artificial tooth root includes an external bottom thread section machined up to a predetermined section upward from a bottom of an outer peripheral surface of the implant so that threads having large heights are formed by a first bit, and includes an external top thread section machined above the external bottom thread section so that threads having small heights are formed by a second bit having a different machining surface shape and a different width. The threads of each thread section have the same pitches and the same crest widths.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving magnetic field signals in a magnetic field communication system are provided. The apparatus includes a controller configured to generate a communication signal, matching units that are configured to receive the communication signal and that respectively correspond to different matching frequencies, and loop antennas that are connected to the matching units, respectively, and that are configured to convert communication signals according to the different matching frequencies into magnetic transmission signals in the form of magnetic field energy and to transmit the magnetic transmission signals.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electroluminescent display device including a first pixel including a first sub pixel configured to emit first colored light, a second sub pixel configured to emit second colored light, and a third sub pixel configured to emit third colored light, a first electrode in the first sub pixel, an emission layer on the first electrode, a second electrode on the emission layer, and a first charge blocking layer provided below the second electrode and configured to prevent a light emission in the emission layer, wherein the first electrode is electrically connected with a driving thin film transistor in a first contact area provided in the first sub pixel, and the first charge blocking layer is overlapped with the first contact area.

Abstract: A display apparatus can include a substrate including a plurality of subpixels and a plurality of contact portions provided on one side of each of the plurality of subpixels, an insulating layer provided on the substrate, a first electrode provided in each of the plurality of subpixels and each of the plurality of contact portions on the insulating layer, a fence provided on the first electrode, a light emitting layer provided on the insulating layer, the fence, and the first electrode, a second electrode provided on the light emitting layer, a filling layer provided on the second electrode, and a trench provided in the fence and the insulating layer. The trench can include a first trench provided between the contact portions adjacent to each other and a second trench provided between the subpixels adjacent to each other.

Abstract: A coffee recycled vegan leather sheet and the method for manufacturing the coffee recycled vegan leather sheet may include: a coffee grounds powder manufacturing step of drying coffee grounds to remove moisture, and pulverizing a dried coffee grounds to produce micronized coffee grounds powder; a first mixing step of mixing the coffee grounds powder obtained from the coffee grounds powder manufacturing step and a shaving scrap and latex, which are usually used as raw materials for recycled leather, into a mixing tank, respectively, and a second mixing step of adding a fatliquoring agent and a dispersing agent for imparting flexibility to the mixture into the mixing tank for mixing; a coffee regenerated leather molding step of drying the mixture that has undergone the secondary mixing step and passing it between pressing rolls to compression-mold it into regenerated coffee leather.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, a device, and a program for calculating a brachytherapy plan, and a brachytherapy apparatus. The method comprises: a step in which a computer obtains the number of radiation irradiation spots on the basis of radiation irradiation information (a radiation irradiation spot number obtaining step (S200)); a step in which the computer obtains target area information from a body model of a patient generated on the basis of medical image data of the patient (a target area information obtaining step (S400)); and a therapy plan calculating step (S600) in which the computer calculates, on the basis of the radiation irradiation information and the target area information, the radiation irradiation spots to which radiation is irradiated and the time length of irradiation to each radiation irradiation spot.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device includes a substrate including a cell array region, a first gate electrode including an opening on the cell array region of the substrate, a plurality of second gate electrodes stacked above the first gate electrode and including convex portions having an outward curve extending toward the substrate, and a word line cutting region cutting the opening and the convex portions.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for automating the fiber laying process during the repair of composite structures made of fiber-reinforced plastic material based on the three-dimensional printing technique. Continuous fiber rovings (e.g., carbon fibers) impregnated with liquid epoxy can be directly printed onto the damaged surface of the composite structure (e.g., an aircraft component made of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic) without human manipulation in an autonomous manner.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electroluminescent display device including a first pixel including a first sub pixel configured to emit first colored light, a second sub pixel configured to emit second colored light, and a third sub pixel configured to emit third colored light, a first electrode in the first sub pixel, an emission layer on the first electrode, a second electrode on the emission layer, and a first charge blocking layer provided below the second electrode and configured to prevent a light emission in the emission layer, wherein the first electrode is electrically connected with a driving thin film transistor in a first contact area provided in the first sub pixel, and the first charge blocking layer is overlapped with the first contact area.