Abstract: The disclosure relates to an optical element, including: a substrate, a first coating, which is disposed on a first side of the substrate and is configured for reflecting radiation having a used wavelength (?EUV) in the EUV wavelength range, and a second coating, which is disposed on a second side of the substrate, for influencing heating radiation that is incident on the second side of the substrate. The disclosure also relates to an optical arrangement having at least one such optical element.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an optical element, including: a substrate, a first coating, which is disposed on a first side of the substrate and is configured for reflecting radiation having a used wavelength (?EUV) in the EUV wavelength range, and a second coating, which is disposed on a second side of the substrate, for influencing heating radiation that is incident on the second side of the substrate. The disclosure also relates to an optical arrangement having at least one such optical element.

Abstract: Provided is a device comprising a channel through and defined by a plurality of layers surrounding the channel, the channel connecting a first and a second chambers separated by the plurality of layers, wherein the plurality of layers comprise a first layer, a second layer; and a conductive middle layer disposed between the first and second layers, wherein the channel comprises (a) a first region defined by the first layer, denoted as an inlet, that is about 0.5 nm to about 100 nm in diameter and (b) a second region defined by the second layer, denoted as an outlet, wherein the inlet and the outlet are about 10 nm to about 1000 nm apart from each other, and wherein the first and second chambers and the middle layer are connected to a power supply. Also provided are methods of preparing and using the device, in particular for nucleic acid sequencing.

Abstract: A railway road crossing warning system (10) including a railway road crossing control unit (18) that may be selectively set to a primary or a secondary mode of operation is provided. In the primary mode of operation, the railway road crossing control unit is responsive to a primary activation signal (21) received from a primary activation-signal source (22), such as a positive train control (PTC) system. In the event the primary activation signal from the primary activation-signal source is not available, railway road crossing control unit (18) is set to the secondary mode of operation, where the railway road crossing control unit is responsive to one or more signals (25) received from a secondary activation-signal source (26) including a railway-vehicle sensing system (28) electrically-decoupled from a railroad track (12).

Abstract: A combination of microvalves and waveguides may enable the creation of reconfigurable on-chip light sources compatible with planar sample preparation and particle sensing architecture using either single-mode or multi-mode interference (MMI) waveguides. A first type of light source is a DFB laser source with lateral gratings created by the light valves. Moreover, feedback for creating a narrowband light source does not have to be a DFB grating in the active region. A DBR configuration (Bragg mirrors on one or both ends of the active region) or simple mirrors at the end of the cavity can also be used. Alternately, ring resonators may be created using a valve coupled to a bus waveguide where the active gain medium is either incorporated in the ring or inside an enclosed fluid. The active light source may be activated by moving a fluid trap and/or a solid-core optical component defining its active region.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosed embodiments generally relate to railway track circuits, in particular track circuits with continued distance monitoring and broken rail protection.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device comprising a first fixing element, a further fixing element and a folded planar composite; wherein the first fixing element comprises a first fixing surface and the further fixing element comprises a further fixing surface; wherein the folded planar composite is at least partially fixed between the first fixing surface and the further fixing surface; wherein the folded planar composite comprises a first composite region; wherein the first composite region comprises a first layer sequence comprising a first composite layer comprising a first carrier layer, a second composite layer comprising a second carrier layer, a third composite layer comprising a third carrier layer and a fourth composite layer comprising a fourth carrier layer; wherein in the first composite region the second composite layer is joined to the third composite layer and the third composite layer is joined to the fourth composite layer; wherein in the first composite region the third carrier layer is char

Abstract: Spatially distributed optical excitation and integrated waveguides are used for ultrasensitive particle detection based on individual electrokinetic velocities of particles. In some embodiments, chip-integrated systems are used to identify individual particles (e.g., individual molecules) based on their velocity as they move through an optically interrogated channel. Molecular species may be identified and quantified in a fully integrated setting, allowing for particle analysis including molecular analysis that can operate at low copy numbers down to the level of single-cell lysates. In some embodiments, the single-particle velocimetry-based identification and/or separation techniques are applied to various diagnostic assays, including nucleic acids, metabolites, macromolecules, organelles, cell, synthetic markers, small molecules, organic polymers, hormones, peptides, antibodies, lipids, carbohydrates, inorganic and organic microparticles and nanoparticles, whole viruses, and any combination thereof.

Abstract: An optical waveguide comprises multiple layers of solid-state material disposed on a substrate. One of the layers is a lifting-gate valve made of a high refractive index material. The device provides for better optical confinement in microfluidic channels, and has the capability to integrate both optical signals and fluid sample processing. The optical paths on the chip are reconfigurable because of the use of a movable microvalve that guides light in one of its positions.

Abstract: A disclosed system uses modulations of ionic current across a nanopore in a membrane to detect target molecules passing through the nanopore. This principle has been applied mainly to nucleic acid sequencing, but can also be used to detect other molecular targets such as proteins and small molecules. In addition, the system delivers target molecules to a nanopore to provide label-free single molecule analysis using a chip-based system. Target molecules are concentrated on microscale carrier beads, and the beads are delivered and optically trapped in an area within the capture radius of the nanopore. The target molecules are released from the beads and detected using nanopore current modulation. In addition, the disclosed system combines sample preparation (e.g. purification, extraction, and pre-concentration) with nanopore-based readout on a microfluidic chip.

Abstract: A method for operating an electrohydraulic brake installation for a motor vehicle having at least first, second, third and fourth hydraulically actuatable wheel brakes, a first brake system including a master brake cylinder actuatable by a brake pedal and hydraulically connected by at least one electrically actuatable isolating valve to the four wheel brakes, and including a first electrically controllable pressure provision device hydraulically connected to the four wheel brakes via at least one electrically actuatable sequence valve, and a second brake system including a second electrically controllable pressure provision device hydraulically connected to the first and the third wheel brake, and including in each case one isolating valve for the first and third wheel brake. The isolating valve is arranged in each case in a hydraulic connection between the first brake system and the corresponding wheel brake.

Abstract: A computer implemented digital bridge that reduces the time and costs associated with designing and configuring hardware and/or logic for an application while also reducing the potential for errors during the process.

Abstract: Provided is a device comprising a channel through and defined by a plurality of layers surrounding the channel, the channel connecting a first and a second chambers separated by the plurality of layers, wherein the plurality of layers comprise a first layer, a second layer; and a conductive middle layer disposed between the first and second layers, wherein the channel comprises (a) a first region defined by the first layer, denoted as an inlet, that is about 0.5 nm to about 100 nm in diameter and (b) a second region defined by the second layer, denoted as an outlet, wherein the inlet and the outlet are about 10 nm to about 1000 nm apart from each other, and wherein the first and second chambers and the middle layer are connected to a power supply. Also provided are methods of preparing and using the device, in particular for nucleic acid sequencing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for recording and representing measurement points (M1, M2, . . . ) on a body surface, with a pair of smart glasses and a position measurement device. The pair of smart glasses has a head-up display and records one or two coordinates of each measurement point by means of a position sensor unit of the smart glasses, or, provided that one or two coordinates of a measurement point of the smart glasses is or are already known, represents graphically the position of the measurement point on the body surface in accordance with the known coordinate(s) by means of the head-up display. The position measurement device has a laser light source and an optical detector, which can be positioned at the respective measurement point on the body surface and includes a sensor surface for recording impingement points of the laser light of the laser light source.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rotary indexing press for the production of green compacts from powder substances. The rotary indexing press is provided with an indexing plate equipped with a plurality of tool cavities assigned to a plurality of tool positions, with said tool positions being at a minimum used for the filling, compacting, and ejecting of workpieces, and with at least one cavity being assigned to each tool position, and wherein the indexing plate having a form-closed and/or force-dosed connection with the body of the machine during compacting. The invention moreover relates to a method for the production of green compacts from powder materials using a rotary indexing press.

Abstract: A traffic control system (100) includes a railroad crossing control system (10) with a constant warning time device (40), a wheel sensing system (120) with a sensor (122) connected to a rail (20a, 20b) of a railroad track (20) at a predetermined position (P), and a communication network (140) interfacing with the railroad crossing control system (10) and the wheel sensing system (120) and adapted to transmit data. The wheel sensing system (120) provides speed values of a rail vehicle travelling on the railroad track (20), wherein the speed values are transmitted to the railroad crossing control system (10) via the communication network (140) for producing a preemption signal for the traffic signal control system (110). Further, a method for providing a preemption signal for a traffic signal control system (110) is described.

Abstract: A railroad crossing control system (100) includes a constant warning time device (40) with a control unit (50) configured to produce multiple signals, and a wheel sensing system (120) comprising at least one sensor (122) connected to a rail (20a, 20b) of a railroad track (20) at a predetermined position (P), wherein the wheel sensing system (120) detects a presence of railroad vehicle travelling on the railroad track (20) such that the at least one sensor (122) detects wheels of the railroad vehicle using electromagnetic fields, wherein the wheel sensing system (120) provides speed values of the railroad vehicle to the constant warning time device (40), and wherein the constant warning time device (40) produces a constant warning time signal for controlling a railroad crossing warning device in response to receiving the speed values of the wheel sensing system (120).

Abstract: Systems, methods, and techniques for optofluidic analyte detection and analysis using multi-mode interference (MMI) waveguides are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, spatially and spectrally multiplexed optical detection of particles is implemented on an optofluidic platform comprising multiple analyte channels intersecting a single MMI waveguide. In some embodiments, multi-stage photonic structures including a first stage MMI waveguide for demultiplexing optical signals by spatially separating different wavelengths of light from one another may be implemented. In some embodiments, a second stage may use single-mode waveguides and/or MMI waveguides to create multi-spot patterns using the demultiplexed, spatially separated light output from the first stage.

Abstract: A coded track circuit of a signaling control equipment to be located at a wayside location of a railway track is provided. The coded track circuit comprises a first track circuit card coupled to rails of the railway track to detect an absence of a train on the railway track, inform signallers and control relevant signals via track codes. The coded track circuit further comprises a second track circuit card coupled to rails of the railway track, the second track circuit card is inactive but ready to provide a warm-standby or a hot-standby such that the second track circuit card to take over control from the first track circuit card should the first track circuit card fails.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an optical element, including: a substrate, a first coating, which is disposed on a first side of the substrate and is configured for reflecting radiation having a used wavelength (?EUV) in the EUV wavelength range, and a second coating, which is disposed on a second side of the substrate, for influencing heating radiation that is incident on the second side of the substrate. The disclosure also relates to an optical arrangement having at least one such optical element.