Abstract: A drawn glass element for producing glass optical waveguides is provided. The element has two first length portions with a first cross-sectional area and which define the two ends of the glass element; a second, intermediate length portion between the two first length portions, which has a second cross-sectional area smaller than the first cross-sectional area; a first transition portion between the intermediate length portion and one of the first length portions; and a second transition portion between the intermediate length portion and another of the first length portions. The first and second transition portions have a cross-sectional area that steadily changes and merges from the first cross-sectional area into the second cross-sectional area.

Abstract: Device and related methods for capacitive measurement of a filling level of a filling medium in a filling volume that can be filled with a filling medium utilizing tailored voltage application and control.

Abstract: Device (1) for capacitive measurement of a filling level of a filling medium (2) in a filling volume (3) that can be filled with a filling medium, comprising: a first measuring element (5), a second measuring element (6), wherein the second measuring element (6) is created such that a potential gradient forms between a first portion (6a) of the second measuring element (6), and a second portion (6b) of the second measuring element (6); a voltage generation means (7) that is associated with the second measuring element (6) and is designed to generate a first electrical voltage (U1) and a second electrical voltage (U2) that is optionally different from the first electrical voltage (U1), and to apply these to the second measuring element (6); a control means (8) that is associated with the voltage generation means (7) and is designed to control the operation of the voltage generation means (7) such that the first and second electrical voltage (U1, U2) is applied in an alternating manner to the first and secon

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of increasing resistance against soybean rust in transgenic plants and/or plant cells. In these plants, the content and/or the activity of an ADR-1-protein are increased in comparison to the wild-type plants not including a recombinant ADR-1-gene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of increasing resistance against fungal pathogens of the family Phacosporaceae in plants and/or plant cells. This is achieved by increasing the expression of an HCP7 protein or fragment thereof in a plant, plant part and/or plant cell in comparison to wild type plants, wild type plant parts and/or wild type plant cells. Furthermore, the invention relates to transgenic plants, plant parts, and/or plant cells having an increased resistance against fungal pathogens, in particular, pathogens of the family Phacopsoraceae, and to recombinant expression vectors comprising a sequence that is identical or homologous to a sequence encoding an HCP7 protein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for generating or increasing resistance to at least one fungi, in particular soy bean rust, in a plant or a part of a plant by the expression of RNA which is at least partial complementary and/or identical to the STM1-gene, wherein the RNA is capable to provide ds-RNA and/or siRNA and/or miRNA. Moreover, the invention relates to respective plants, parts thereof and vector constructs capable to provide such RNA and the use of such vector constructs to provide fungal resistant plants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of generating or increasing resistance to at least one biotrophic pathogen in a plant or a part of a plant by increasing the protein quantity or function of at least one Bax Inhibitor-1 (BI-1) protein in at least one part of the plant. Moreover, the invention relates to polypeptide sequences and nucleic acid sequences which code for a BI-1 protein, and to expression cassettes, vectors and organisms which comprise such sequences or such a protein.