Abstract: A gas sensor and methods for producing the same are disclosed. The gas sensor of the present disclosure includes a bulk silicon layer, comprising a controllable inversion layer, an oxide layer on top of the bulk silicon layer, wherein the controllable inversion layer is located at an interface of the bulk silicon layer and the oxide layer, and a sensing layer on the oxide layer, wherein a sensitivity of the sensing layer is a function the controllable inversion layer.

Abstract: A rechargeable energy storage system includes battery cell(s) and a battery management system (BMS) for detecting cell damage prior to the cell(s) entering an irreversible thermal runaway. The BMS includes gas sensor array(s) for detecting gas(es) vented by the cell(s). Each sensor detects a trace amount of one vented gas indicative of cell damage insufficient to trigger an irreversible thermal runaway. The BMS also includes a controller receiving from the sensor array(s) data indicative of the detected gas trace amounts. The controller compares the detected trace amount with a threshold margin relative to an amount indicative of cell damage that triggers irreversible thermal runaway. The controller additionally identifies damaged cell(s) when the detected trace amount is within the threshold margin. The controller further commands a corrective action to mitigate further damage to the damaged cell(s) and reduce a likelihood of the subject cell(s) entering the irreversible thermal runaway.

Abstract: A battery management system configured to detect impending failure of a lithium-ion battery cell includes a sensor array microchip. The microchip includes a plurality of silicon chemical-sensitive field effect transistors (CS-FETs) configured to detect multiple distinct gases vented by the lithium-ion battery cell. The battery management system also includes a cell monitoring unit (CMU) configured to receive from at least one of the CS-FETs data indicative of a detected amount of gas vented by the lithium-ion battery cell. The CMU is also configured to compare the data indicative of the detected amount of the vented gas to a predetermined threshold amount of the subject vented gas programmed into the CMU. The CMU is further configured to trigger a signal indicative of impending failure of the lithium-ion battery cell when the detected amount of the vented gas exceeds the predetermined threshold amount of the subject vented gas.

Abstract: A multi-gas sensor to detect food spoilage and a method of forming the same are disclosed. The multi-gas sensor includes a silicon substrate and a plurality of chemical sensitive field effect transistor (CSFET) sensors formed on a surface of the silicon substrate, wherein each one of the plurality of CSFET sensors are decorated with a different material to detect a different gas associated with food spoilage.

Abstract: A battery management system configured to detect impending failure of a lithium-ion battery cell includes a sensor array microchip. The microchip includes a plurality of silicon chemical-sensitive field effect transistors (CS-FETs) configured to detect multiple distinct gases vented by the lithium-ion battery cell. The battery management system also includes a cell monitoring unit (CMU) configured to receive from at least one of the CS-FETs data indicative of a detected amount of gas vented by the lithium-ion battery cell. The CMU is also configured to compare the data indicative of the detected amount of the vented gas to a predetermined threshold amount of the subject vented gas programmed into the CMU. The CMU is further configured to trigger a signal indicative of impending failure of the lithium-ion battery cell when the detected amount of the vented gas exceeds the predetermined threshold amount of the subject vented gas.

Abstract: In one example, a gas sensor is provided. The gas sensor includes a substrate, an isolation region formed on outer edges of the substrate, a micro-heater formed on the isolation region, a sensing layer formed on the substrate inside of the isolation region, and a source and drain formed around the sensing layer and inside of the isolation region.

Abstract: A gas sensor and methods for producing the same are disclosed. The gas sensor of the present disclosure includes a bulk silicon layer, comprising a controllable inversion layer, an oxide layer on top of the bulk silicon layer, wherein the controllable inversion layer is located at an interface of the bulk silicon layer and the oxide layer, and a sensing layer on the oxide layer, wherein a sensitivity of the sensing layer is a function the controllable inversion layer.