Abstract: Artificial turf made from fibers that include chromogens. The fibers and hence the chromogens experience stress and/or heat in response to being struck (e.g., by a golf club), and thereby provide visual feedback of the location and direction of the impact. The golf club head may be coated with a chemical or solvent that causes a chromogen to change color. The turf can be used to provide feedback about where a divot would occur if a golfer were playing on grass. In addition, it can be used to make line calls or to mark impacts in other sports such as tennis, football, cricket, and in track and field events. Also a color changing material that includes a substrate and a film disposed on a surface of the substrate, the film including a chromogen.

Abstract: A block putter, usable with either a conventional or sidesaddle putting stance for a right-handed or left-handed golfer, having a head width in the range of about one half to about twice the width of a golf ball. The increased width and potentially increased weight of the putter head improve its performance both on the green and when hitting from the fringe, the fairway, or the rough, or out of the sand. The golfer may use the toe of the putter, rather than one of the faces, to strike the ball, for increased accuracy, especially on short putts. Alternatively, the golfer may putt in a sidesaddle stance with the traditional putter face using a putter having an elongated shaft. The elongated shaft is of such a length as to allow for the end of the shaft to rest on the golfer's shoulder and help stabilize the putt.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed that allows a user to individually or simultaneously customize the pitch, roll, height, yaw, linear placement and lateral placement of his/her boots on his/her skis. This system allows the user to stand in a position while skiing that is closer to his/her natural position and to have the parameters of such a stance measured and quantified, thereby improving comfort, performance, and safety. As opposed to the limited variation in only some parameters described by current art, this invention allows significant variation in all individual parameters and simultaneous customization of all parameters. This simultaneity is important because of its increased ease to the skier and because altering any one parameter can change the center of pressure, thus creating the need for additional changes until the perfect combination of adjustments is made.