Abstract: A combined laser light source includes a substrate, a waveguide, a first laser source, a second laser source, and a Bragg grating. The substrate includes a top surface, a first side surface, and a second side surface. The waveguide is formed in the top surface and includes a first branch and a second branch connecting with the first branch. The first laser source connects with an entrance of the first entrance and emits a first laser beam into the first branch. The second laser source connects with an entrance of the second entrance and emits a second laser beam into the second branch. The Bragg grating is formed at an interaction of the first branch and the second branch and is configured to reflect the second laser beam into the first branch.

Abstract: A waveguide lens includes a substrate, a planar waveguide formed on the substrate and configured to couple with a laser light source that emits a laser beam into the planar waveguide along an optical axis, and a media grating film including two media gratings with a gap intervening therebwteen. Each media grating is symmetrical about a widthwise central axis. Each widthwise central axis and the optical axis are substantially parallel with each other and cooperatively define a plane that is substantially perpendicular to the planar waveguide.

Abstract: A waveguide lens includes a substrate, a planar waveguide, a media grating, and a pair of electrode. The planar waveguide is formed on the substrate and configured to couple with a laser light source that emits a laser beam into the planar waveguide along an optical axis. The media grating is formed on the planar waveguide and arranged symmetrically about a widthwise central axis that is collinear with the optical axis. The electrodes are formed on the substrate, positioned at two opposite sides of the waveguide lens, and arranged symmetrically about the optical axis.

Abstract: An electro-optic modulator includes a substrate, a pair of transmission lines, a first strip-shaped electrode, and a pair of second strip-shaped electrodes. The substrate includes a surface and a reversely-polarized portion. The transmission lines are formed in the surface and extend substantially in parallel with each other. One of the transmission lines is formed within the reversely-polarized portion and the other is out of the reversely-polarized portion. The first strip-shaped electrode is formed on the surface and covers the transmission lines. The second strip-shaped electrodes are positioned at two sides of the first strip-shaped electrodes and parallel with the first strip-shaped electrode.

Abstract: A waveguide lens includes a substrate, a pair of electrodes, a planar waveguide, and a grating. The planar waveguide is formed on the substrate and is coupled with a laser light source, which emits a laser beam having a divergent angle into the planar waveguide. The grating is formed on the planar waveguide. The laser light source is attached to a portion of the planar waveguide corresponding to the planar waveguide; the grating and the planar waveguide constitute a ridge-type waveguide lens to converge a laser beam into an optical element. The pair of electrodes is arranged at two opposite sides of the planar waveguide and is configured to change an effective refractive index of the planar waveguide, utilizing an electro-optical effect, when a modulating electric field is applied.

Abstract: A waveguide lens includes a substrate, a planar waveguide, a media grating, a pair of first electrodes, and a pair of second electrodes. The planar waveguide is formed on the substrate and is coupled with a laser light source, which emits a laser beam having a divergent angle into the planar waveguide. The media grating is formed on the planar waveguide. The pair of first electrodes is configured to change an effective refractive index of the planar waveguide, utilizing an electro-optical effect, when a first modulating electric field is applied, where the effective refractive index is corresponding to a transverse electric wave. The pair of second electrodes is configured to change an effective refractive index of the planar waveguide, utilizing an electro-optical effect, when a second modulating electric field is applied, where the effective refractive index is corresponding to a transverse magnetic wave.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a waveguide lens is provided. A planar waveguide is provided, wherein the planar waveguide includes a top surface and a side surface perpendicularly connecting with the top surface, the side surface is coupled to a laser light source, and the laser light source emits a laser beam having a divergent angle and an optical axis substantially perpendicular to the side surface. A media film grating is formed on the top surface. The media film grating is made of a high refractive index material. The media film grating includes a plurality of parallel media film strips, each of which is substantially perpendicular to the side surface. A pair of strip-shaped electrodes is formed on the top surface and is arranged at opposite sides of the media film grating and the optical axis. The pair of strip-shaped electrodes is substantially parallel to the media film strips.

Abstract: A waveguide lens includes a substrate, a planar waveguide, a media grating, a modulating electrode, and two ground electrodes. The planar waveguide is formed on the substrate and is coupled to a laser light source which emits a laser beam into the planar waveguide. The media grating is formed on the planar waveguide and arranged along a direction that is substantially parallel with an optical axis of the laser beam. The modulating electrode is positioned on and covers the media grating. The ground electrodes are positioned on two sides of the planar waveguide and opposite to each other. The modulating electrode and the ground electrodes cooperatively change an effective refractive index of the planar waveguide to change an effective focal length of the diffractive waveguide lens, utilizing an electro-optical effect, when an electric field is applied thereto.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing a ridge-type waveguide, a substrate is provided. An etching resistance stripe is coated on the substrate. The substrate with the etching resistance stripe is subjected to a wet etching process to form a ridge under the etching resistance stripe. The etching resistance stripe is removed. A titanium stripe is then coated onto the ridge and diffused into the ridge to form a waveguide in the ridge by a high temperature diffusing process.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a waveguide lens is provided. A substrate is provided. The substrate includes a top surface and a side surface. A planar waveguide is formed in the top surface. A mask is formed on the planar waveguide. The substrate is subjected to a wet etching process to remove portions of a layer of the planar waveguide which are revealed by the mask to form a media grating identical to the mask in shape in the planar waveguide. Another wet etching process is further applied to remove the mask to form the waveguide lens.

Abstract: A waveguide lens includes a substrate, a planar waveguide, a media grating, and a pair of electrodes. The planar waveguide is formed on the substrate and is coupled with a laser light source which emits a laser beam having a divergent angle into the planar waveguide. The media grating is formed on the planar waveguide and arranged along a direction that is substantially parallel with an optical axis of the laser beam. The electrodes are positioned on the planar waveguide and arranged at opposite sides of the media grating and flanking the optical axis. The electrodes change an effective refractive index of the planar waveguide, utilizing an electro-optical effect, when an electric field is applied thereto.

Abstract: A waveguide lens includes a substrate, a planar waveguide, a media grating, a modulating electrode, and two ground electrodes. The planar waveguide is formed on the substrate and is coupled with a laser light source which emits a laser beam into the planar waveguide. The media grating is formed on the planar waveguide. The modulating electrode is positioned on and covers the media grating. The ground electrodes are positioned on the planar waveguide and arranged at opposite sides of the media grating. The modulating electrode and the ground electrodes cooperatively change an effective refractive index of the planar waveguide to alter the effective focal length of the diffractive waveguide lens, utilizing an electro-optical effect, when an electric field is applied thereto.

Abstract: A waveguide lens includes a substrate, a planar waveguide, a media grating, a first electrode, and a second electrode. The planar waveguide is formed in the substrate and configured to couple with a laser light source that emits a laser beam into the planar waveguide along an optical axis. The media grating is formed on the planar waveguide and arranged symmetrically about a widthwise central axis that is collinear with the optical axis. The second electrode covers the media grating. The first electrode is attached to the substrate and opposite to the planar waveguide. Lengths and widths of the first electrode and the second electrode are substantially equal to a length and width of the media grating, and the first electrode and the second electrode are aligned with the media grating.

Abstract: An electro-optic modulator includes a substrate including a top surface, a Y-shaped waveguide embedded into the top surface and including a first branch dedicated for transmitting transverse electric wave and a second branch dedicated for transmitting transverse magnetic wave, a ground electrode, a first modulating electrode, and a second modulating electrode. The top surface defines a first groove separating the first branch and the second branch, a second groove, and a third groove at a side of the second branch opposite to the first groove. The first modulating electrode and the ground electrode are located two sides of the first branch. The first modulating electrode covers a first sidewall of the second groove adjacent to the first branch. The ground electrode entirely covers the first groove and the second branch. The second modulating electrode covers a bottom surface of the third groove.

Abstract: An electro-optic modulator includes a substrate, a Y-shaped waveguide, a pair of first electrodes, and a pair of second electrodes. The substrate includes a top surface. The Y-shaped waveguide is embedded into the top surface, and includes a first branch and a second branch. The first branch is subjected to a transverse electric wave and the second branch is subjected to a transverse magnetic wave. The pair of first electrodes are positioned on the top surface and arranged at two sides of the first branch. The pair of second electrodes are positioned on the top surface. One of the second electrodes covers the second branch, and the other is arranged at a side of the second branch.

Abstract: An electro-optic modulator includes a substrate and a Y-shaped waveguide. The substrate has a top surface. The Y-shaped waveguide is formed in the top surface and includes a non-modulated branch and a modulated branch. The substrate defines two grooves in the top surface, separating the non-modulated branch and the modulated branch.

Abstract: An electro-optic modulator includes a substrate, a Y-shaped waveguide, a ground electrode, a first modulating electrode, and a second modulating electrode. The substrate includes a top surface. The Y-shaped waveguide is implanted into the top surface, and includes a first branch and a second branch. The first branch is dedicated to the application of a transverse electric wave and the second branch is dedicated to the application of a transverse magnetic wave. The ground electrode, the first modulating electrode, and the third modulating electrode are all strip-shaped and positioned on the top surface. The first modulating electrode and the ground electrode are located at two sides of the first second branch, and the ground electrode covers the second branch. The second modulating electrode is located at a side of the second branch opposite to the first branch.

Abstract: An optical fiber fixing device includes a base, first fixing block and a second fixing block. The base includes an upper surface has a receiving groove and a groove which is connected with the receiving groove. The receiving groove receives an optical fiber connector, the optical fiber connector receives a plurality of optical fibers, and two ends of the optical fibers separately protrude out of the optical fiber connector. The groove has an optical detecting device, the detecting device defines a plurality of light apertures. The first fixing block is set on the upper surface, which is configured to fix the optical fiber connector into the receiving groove. The second fixing block is received in the groove, in order to fix the detecting device in the groove, the plurality of light apertures are aligned with the plurality of optical fibers.

Abstract: An optical signal transmitting device includes a substrate, light emitting modules, an optical coupling element, an optical fiber module, and a pressing pole. The substrate has a first loading surface and a second loading surface. The optical coupling element is positioned on the first loading surface and includes a first cladding portion and coupling lenses. Each coupling lens has a first sloped surface and a second sloped surface. The light emitting modules are positioned on the second loading surface and spatially correspond to the respective first sloped surfaces. The optical fiber module is positioned on the first loading surface and includes a second cladding portion and fiber cores. Each fiber core has a bare end. The pressing pole presses each bare end to the corresponding second sloped surface. The refractive indexes of the substrate, the coupling lenses, the fiber cores and the air are n1, n2, n3, n0, wherein n3>n2>>n1>n0.

Abstract: An electro-optic modulator includes a substrate, a pair of transmission lines, a first strip-shaped electrode, and a pair of second strip-shaped electrodes. The substrate includes a surface and a reversely-polarized portion. The transmission lines are formed in the surface and extend substantially in parallel with each other. One of the transmission lines is formed within the reversely-polarized portion and the other is out of the reversely-polarized portion. The first strip-shaped electrode is formed on the surface and covers the transmission lines. The second strip-shaped electrodes are positioned at two sides of the first strip-shaped electrodes and parallel with the first strip-shaped electrode.