Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds of the following General Formula I. The cyclopropyl-bearing liquid crystal compounds of Formula I of the present invention have a positive or negative dielectric anisotropy (??), an appropriate optical anisotropy (?n), an appropriate clearing point (CP), good low-temperature miscibility with other liquid crystals, a low rotary viscosity, and good UV stability and high-temperature thermal stability, and therefore have good use value. The compounds of the present invention can be used for preparing positive and negative liquid crystal compositions and can also be employed in passive and active matrix displays.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds of the following General Formula I. The cyclopropyl-bearing liquid crystal compounds of Formula I of the present invention have a positive or negative dielectric anisotropy (??), an appropriate optical anisotropy (?n), an appropriate clearing point (CP), good low-temperature miscibility with other liquid crystals, a low rotary viscosity, and good UV stability and high-temperature thermal stability, and therefore have good use value. The compounds of the present invention can be used for preparing positive and negative liquid crystal compositions and can also be employed in passive and active matrix displays.

Abstract: The invention concerns a liquid droplet spray device for atomising a liquid substance, Its housing consists of a at least a first substrate (15), a space (12) within the housing for containing the supplied liquid substance, an outlet means arranged in the first substrate (15) and comprising at least one outlet nozzle (19) and at least one output channel (20), said output channel (20) having straight side-walls, and a vibrating element (18) for vibrating the liquid so as to eject it. According to the present invention, each output channel (20) has a stepped shape having a lower portion (20a) and an upper portion (20b), the lower portion being arranged adjacent the space (12) and being of larger diameter than the upper portion (20b). The outlet nozzle (19) of each output channel is straight and does not show notching effects.

Abstract: The invention concerns a liquid droplet spray device for atomising a liquid substance, Its housing consists of a at least a first substrate (15), a space (12) within the housing for containing the supplied liquid substance, an outlet means arranged in the first substrate (15) and comprising at least one outlet nozzle (19) and at least one output channel (20), said output channel (20) having straight side-walls, and a vibrating element (18) for vibrating the liquid so as to eject it.

Abstract: The liquid droplet spray device (1) comprises a housing formed of a superposition of a first and a second substrate (5, 6) and a space (2) within the housing for containing a liquid substance (3), vibrating means (8) for applying a frequency vibration to the substance (3) thereby generating the liquid droplet spray, and outlet means (7, 9, 10) for ejecting the liquid droplet spray. The outlet means comprise a cavity (7), output nozzles (9) and output channels (10) connecting the cavity (7) to the outlet nozzles (9). According to the invention, the vibrating means (8) creates a standing wave pattern within the liquid substance (3), and the outlet means are arranged such that said outlet nozzles (9) are superposed on the vibration mode peaks of the standing wave pattern. Advantageously, the first and second substrates have similar geometrical shapes. Minimal retention and optimal flow of the substance are obtained.

Abstract: The liquid droplet spray device (5) has a micromachined substrate (8, 18, 18a; 8a, 18, 18a), a space (9) within the substrate for containing a liquid substance (4), an inlet channel for supplying (7) the liquid (4) to the space (9), and outlet structure (13, 14, 15) for ejecting the liquid as a mono-dispersive droplet spray when the liquid undergoes a vibration. The outlet structure comprises a cut-off pyramid-shaped tapered cavity (13) which is micromachined in the space (9). The outlet structure further comprises at least one output (14) and output channel (15) connecting the tapered cavity (13) to the outlet (14), the outlet (14) and the output channel (15) having a non-tapered vertical shape. Thanks to such a device, the exact amount ejected may be determined accurately which allows for a predicted lung deposition of the droplets by using appropriate control means adapted to the kind of patient.