Abstract: Described herein is a process for correcting an observed color difference between a color at a first gloss and the color at a second gloss different than the first gloss, said process comprising the steps of: (a) determining a first correction caused by a lightness (Y-value) of the color a first gloss; (b) determining a second correction caused by an inclusion of a first surface diffusion in gloss readings; (c) based on the first and second corrections, determining a specular correction caused by a difference in specular reflections from the color at the first gloss and the color at the second gloss; (d) determining tristimulus corrections based on the specular correction; (e) preparing corrected tristimulus values of the color at a second gloss; and (f) producing a paint composition for the color at the second gloss using the corrected tristimulus values.

Abstract: Described herein is a process for correcting an observed color difference between a color at a first gloss and the color at a second gloss different than the first gloss, said process comprising the steps of: (a) determining a first correction caused by a lightness (Y-value) of the color a first gloss; (b) determining a second correction caused by an inclusion of a first surface diffusion in gloss readings; (c) based on the first and second corrections, determining a specular correction caused by a difference in specular reflections from the color at the first gloss and the color at the second gloss; (d) determining tristimulus corrections based on the specular correction; (e) preparing corrected tristimulus values of the color at a second gloss; and (f) producing a paint composition for the color at the second gloss using the corrected tristimulus values.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for organizing a substantially uniform system of colorimetry comprising the steps of (i) taking a pseudoinverse of a matrix containing intensity values for an existing non-uniform color-matching functions; (ii) optionally normalizing the pseudoinverse matrix from step (i); (iii) empirically determining an opponency transformation matrix based on a plurality of substantially uniformly spaced color standards; (iv) transforming the matrix from step (ii) to a color opponency color coordinate utilizing the opponency transformation matrix from step (iii) to obtain a Red-Green, Yellow-Blue and Lightness (RG, YB and LT) color matching functions; and (v) transforming the RG, YB and LT color matching functions from step (iv) non-linearly to color matching functions that produce colors recognizable as being uniform by human vision; wherein after step (v) the existing non-uniform color matching functions are transformed into substantially uniform color matching functions.

Abstract: Described herein is a process for correcting an observed color difference between a color at a first gloss and the color at a second gloss different than the first gloss, said process comprising the steps of: (a) determining a first correction caused by a lightness (Y-value) of the color a first gloss; (b) determining a second correction caused by an inclusion of a first surface diffusion in gloss readings; (c) based on the first and second corrections, determining a specular correction caused by a difference in specular reflections from the color at the first gloss and the color at the second gloss; (d) determining tristimulus corrections based on the specular correction; (e) preparing corrected tristimulus values of the color at a second gloss; and (f) producing a paint composition for the color at the second gloss using the corrected tristimulus values.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for organizing a substantially uniform system of colorimetry comprising the steps of (i) taking a pseudoinverse of a matrix containing intensity values for an existing non-uniform color-matching functions; (ii) optionally normalizing the pseudoinverse matrix from step (i); (iii) empirically determining an opponency transformation matrix based on a plurality of substantially uniformly spaced color standards; (iv) transforming the matrix from step (ii) to a color opponency color coordinate utilizing the opponency transformation matrix from step (iii) to obtain a Red-Green, Yellow-Blue and Lightness (RG, YB and LT) color matching functions; and (v) transforming the RG, YB and LT color matching functions from step (iv) non-linearly to color matching functions that produce colors recognizable as being uniform by human vision; wherein after step (v) the existing non-uniform color matching functions are transformed into substantially uniform color matching functions.

Abstract: Methods and systems for measuring with a Color Measurement System of predetermined specification and evaluating the color of skin, teeth, hair and material substances with a Color Index. The principles of this invention also relate to techniques for using such a Color Measurement System with the Color Index in medical applications such as the detection of chromogenic disease including bilirubin infant jaundice, cosmetics applications and in the evaluation of the color of hair or teeth, and other applications.

Abstract: Methods and systems for measuring with a Color Measurement System of predetermined specification and evaluating the color of skin, teeth, hair and material substances with a Color Index. The principles of this invention also relate to techniques for using such a Color Measurement System with the Color Index in medical applications such as the detection of chromogenic disease including bilirubin infant jaundice, cosmetics applications and in the evaluation of the color of hair or teeth, and other applications. The Color Index is measured and calculated from the reflectance spectrum of any skin (or teeth, hair or material substance) by a two step process. The first step is the weighting of the visible spectra with a unique set of weighting factors which calculate a sample's reflectance spectrum's contribution to the appearance of four color components independent of the illuminating condition.