Abstract: A compact rolling mill for rolling sections includes rolling stands such as universal rolling stands and two-high rolling stands arranged along several rolling lines. Provided in the rolling lines are longitudinal conveyors for transporting the rolling stock along these rolling lines and cross conveyors for transporting the rolling stock between the rolling lines. At least two universal rolling stands are combined with one two-high edging stand to define a universal tandem compact group which together with further universal stands and two-high rolling stands may be displaced from one rolling position to another rolling position in a same rolling line or in a different rolling line. The drive unit is directly coupled to the stands along the outermost rolling line while the other remaining stands are indirectly connected to the drive unit transversely across the other rolling lines via other rolling stands.

Abstract: A method of determining the spring characteristic of a roughing and finishing stand and a method of adjusting the roll gap of the roll stand prior to rolling, particularly for rolling lightweight sections with narrow tolerances, wherein at least one horizontal roll of the stand is adjustable. The stand has a swingable stand top which connects the housing posts of the stand housings, wherein the stand top is connected to the housing posts by tie rods which are pretensioned by a hydraulic tensioning device. At least the upper of the horizontal rolls is moved by an electromechanical adjustment unit of the rolls towards the other roll and the rolling forces to be measured between the roll bodies is applied by the hydraulic tensioning device, wherein the electromechanical adjustment unit is adjustable by predeterminable adjustment distances in the unloaded state while maintaining roll contact.

Abstract: A workpiece is advanced through a succession of universal roll stands each having a pair of rotatably positively driven horizontal rolls engaging horizontal surfaces of the workpiece and a pair of idling vertical rolls engaging vertical surfaces of the workpiece and normally only rotationally entrained by engagement with the advancing workpiece. The roll stand is controlled by detecting the peripheral speeds of the vertical rolls and generating outputs corresponding thereto and then comparing the outputs to set points and generating error signals corresponding to the difference. The peripheral speed and position of the horizontal rolls are detected to establish same as operating characteristics. Finally the peripheral speeds of the vertical rolls are varied in accordance with the respective differences by varying at least one of the operating characteristics.

Abstract: A continuous casting plant for casting beam blanks to be used in rolling section steel. The continuous casting plant includes a cooled mold and a strand guide arrangement following the mold. The mold has two side walls which each define a web surface, two expanding surfaces and two parallel adjusting surfaces. End rolls are adjustably mounted between the adjusting surfaces. The expanding surfaces of the mold are inclined at an angle of 20.degree. to 45.degree. relative to the plane of the web surface. Guide rollers are arranged in alignment with and following the web surfaces, the expanding surfaces and the adjusting surfaces of the mold. The adjustable end rolls are provided with sections which project into the mold space. Guide elements are arranged following the end walls, the guide elements being adjustable in the same direction.

Abstract: A compact rolling mill for rolling sections includes rolling stands such as universal rolling stands and two-high rolling stands arranged along several rolling lines. Provided in the rolling lines are longitudinal conveyors for transporting the rolling stock along these rolling lines and cross conveyors for transporting the rolling stock between the rolling lines. At least two universal rolling stands are combined with one two-high edging stand to define a universal tandem compact group which together with further universal stands and two-high rolling stands may be displaced from one rolling position to another rolling position in a same rolling line or in a different rolling line. The drive unit is directly coupled to the stands along the outermost rolling line while the other remaining stands are indirectly connected to the drive unit transversely across the other rolling lines via other rolling stands.

Abstract: The process of our invention heats a plurality of partially finished products extruded in an extrusion unit or changed in a transforming unit as a preparation for introduction into subsequent transformation or processing units. In extruding and/or transforming or heating the heat applied to at least one partially finished product length group is transferred during intermediate transport of the partially finished product length group and/or during storage by heat transfer with other partially finished product length groups. The heat transfer is caused by radiation, convention and/or direct contact. An apparatus for performing the process according to our invention comprising a thermal insulating chamber provided with an air flow and air feed devices and if necessary an auxiliary heating unit is also provided.

Abstract: A roll arrangement for the non-deforming treatment of moving web-type or strip-type products. The arrangement includes at least two rotatable rolls which are adjustable radially relative to each other. The arrangement is used, for example, for drying one or both surfaces of the product. The rolls are axially adjustable in opposite direction and each roll has slightly S-shaped or bottle-shaped contour over the entire length of the roll body, in such a way that the contours of two rolls arranged on both sides of a roll gap complement each other only in a certain relative axial position of these rolls. In other axial positions of the rolls, the roll gap becomes narrower either in the center or at the ends of the rolls, so that a uniform pressing action or other uniform non-deforming treatment of the product is possible over the entire width of the product independently of the bending of the rolls and/or deviations from the plane-parallelism of the surfaces of the product.

Abstract: An operating method and a rolling mill train for continually rolling a profiled billet to a predetermined finished cross-sectional shape of accurate dimensions by means of successively arranged rolling mill stands with pairs of rolls, wherein the axes of the pairs of rolls extend perpendicularly to each other. The pairs of rolls have oppositely located pass screws which determine the cross-sectional shape of the rolled steel section billet which travels through the pairs of rolls. The billet is sized in one or more roughing stands locally in a circumferential portion of the cross-section thereof which, after leaving the last roughing stand, runs in the subsequent main stand into the region of a contact line of the two rolls of the main stand, such that the entire material of the billet running into the main stand completely fills out the pass of the main stand without significantly deforming the region of the contact line of the two rolls of the main stand.

Abstract: During operation of a rolling mill the roll gap and roll shape change, because of the influence of heat, bending of the working rolls or the roll mounting, wear and the like, and must be compensated and/or balanced to make a planar product, particularly a planar rolled sheet or strip. To compensate for these undesirable disadvantageous influences on the operation of the rolling mill frequent axial sliding of the rolls with respect to each other and/or positioning of the working rolls transverse to the plane of the rolled material is required. According to our invention these undesirable influences are prevented in a particularly simple way and/or are compensated when the contours of the rolls in the initial state and/or unloaded state of the rolling mill are such that the sum of the roll body diameters at each relative axial position of the rolls varies axially from a constant value.

Abstract: A star-shaped array of channeled rolls in a rolling mill for rolling bar stock has the rolls pressed together with a pressing force exceeding the rolling force by a prestressing force sufficient to cause frustoconical flanks of the rolls to forceably press against one another. This stabilizes the rolls and also permits a fine adjustment of the diameter of the passage defined between them.

Abstract: A pair of roll grooves defining a rolling passage for the bar stock in respective rolls having abutting or bearing portions which are undercut to increase elasticity and are separated from the grooves by recesses. The force with which the rolls are pressed against one another far exceeds the rolling force.

Abstract: During operation of a rolling mill the roll gap and roll shape change, because of the influence of heat, bending of the working rolls or the roll mounting, wear and the like, and must be compensated and/or balanced to make a planar product, particularly a planar rolled sheet or strip. To compensate for these undesirable disadvantageous influences on the operation of the rolling mill frequent axial sliding of the rolls with respect to each other and/or positioning of the working rolls transverse to the plane of the rolled material is required. These undesirable influences are prevented in a particularly simple way and/or are compensated when the contours of the rolls in the initial state and/or unloaded state of the rolling mill are such that the sum of the roll body diameters at each relative axial position of the rolls varies axially from a constant value.

Abstract: The rolling mill or roll stand which makes a rolled product, particularly a rolled strip or strip, comprises a pair of working rolls, which if necessary are supported on a pair of supporting rolls or on a pair of the supporting rolls and intermediate rolls, and in which the working rolls and/or the supporting rolls and/or the intermediate rolls are axially slidable relative to each other. Each of the rolls of at least one of the pairs of rolls is provided with a curved contour extending to the roll body ends. These curved contours, sometimes on opposite sides, extend over only a portion of the rolled product width. The curved contour extends over the entire roll body length of each roll and has a shape such that both roll body contours entirely compliment themselves in a certain relative axial position.

Abstract: A rolling stand comprising supporting shaft pairs 3, 4, in which these supporting shafts are supported at two sides and so as to be adjustable in two parallel roll housings 1, 2. At one side, rolling rings 15 can be slipped on the supporting shaft pairs 3, 4, while the other side can be coupled with drive elements 16. The roll housing 2 remote of these drive elements 16 can be moved away from the other roll housing 1 in the direction of the roll axes together with the bearings which are pulled off the supporting shaft pair 3, 4. The supporting shaft pair 3, 4 can be secured and fixed in the other roll housing 1 in the resulting cantilevering position which is supported on one side.

Abstract: Device to separate without gaps the trailing end of a leading individual length of rolled stock and the leading end of a following length, which are parted from a rolled billet by cross-cutting shears, in the live-roller feed bed upstream of cooling beds, comprises a separate trough section disposed downstream of a switch in the form of a separating diverter subdivided into two parallel longitudinal sections, one with a fixed trough section and one vertically displaceable trough section which forms a depressed portion at a lower level.

Abstract: A rolling stand comprises a housing defining a pair of parallel and spaced inner axes and a pair of parallel and spaced outer axes flanking the inner axes and defining therewith a plane. Respective inner rolls are journaled in the housing at the inner axes and have bodies axially symmetrical about the respective axes and having centered on the respective axes roll-body surfaces of noncylindrical shape and each formed by rotation of a continuously curved generatrix about the respective axis. One of the inner rolls is displaceable axially relative to the other inner roll from an end position to another position. The inner-roll surfaces are spaced in the plane in the other position at a uniform distance and in the plane in the end position at a nonuniform distance. Respective outer rolls journaled in the housing at the outer axes bear toward each other on the respective inner rolls.

Abstract: Rolled stock running out of a rolling mill is parted into lengths suitable for the cooling bed. Rolled stock cross sections of various sizes are retarded both at approach speeds of more than approximately 20 m/sec and slower, alongside the cooling bed in an approach roller feed bed and then transversely conveyed over the cooling bed. In order to avoid requiring an uneconomically long cooling bed as a result of the sequence times of the lengths of rolled stock, three or more longitudinal braking sections are arranged side by side to enable thin lengths at a high approach speed to be retarded in rapid succession and conveyed across to the cooling bed. Covering means of the braking sections are constructed to provide additional retardation of the lengths, e.g. by blowing air, by lowering brake shoes or by the action of linear electromagnetic motors.

Abstract: A rolling stand includes a frame and a pair of working rolls mounted on the frame centered on and rotatable about respective parallel axes and defining a nip so that a strip can pass in each of a succession of passes forming a single run through the nip so that with each pass the thickness and width of the strip are reduced. The ends of the working rolls project laterally beyond the longitudinal edges of the strip. Respective backing rolls mounted on the frame extending generally the full length of the working rolls are braced toward the nip against the working rolls to urge same against the strip. Tools displaceably mounted on the frame reduce the diameters of the projecting ends of the working rolls several times after respective passes during a single run so that the working rolls only contact the respective backing rolls along a diatance equal generally to the workpiece width.

Abstract: A rolling stand has a conventional housing defining a pair of parallel and spaced axes defining a plane. Respective rolls have roll ends journaled in the housing at the axes and roll bodies axially symmetrical about the respective axes and having centered on the respective axes complementary roll-body surfaces of noncylindrical shape and each formed by rotation of a continuously curved generatrix about the respective axis. One of these contoured rolls is displaceable axially relative to the other roll from an end position to another position, and the roll-body surfaces form at the plane in the other position a uniform nip and in the end position a nonuniform nip. This system is set up to be able to displace one of the rolls axially relative to the other of the rolls between the end position and the other position. These contoured rolls may themselves define the nip, or may engage and deform other rolls that define it.

Abstract: Rolled material leaving a rolling mill is cooled by passing it through a series of guide tubes. A pre-mixed mixture of air and water is injected into each of the tubes by nozzles facing in the direction in which the wire passes, and the wire is cooled by the mixture. The water can be removed at the downstream end of the apparatus by a nozzle facing in the opposite direction to that in which the wire travels.