Abstract: A method and a device for encoding/decoding images are disclosed. The method for encoding images comprises the steps of: deriving a scan type of a residual signal for a current block according to whether or not the current block is a transform skip block; and applying the scan type to the residual signal for the current block, wherein the transform skip block is a block to which transform for the current block is not applied and is specified on the basis of information indicating whether or not transform for the current block is to be applied.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image encoding/decoding method and apparatus. The image decoding method according to the present invention may comprise configuring an MPM list based on intra-prediction modes of neighbor blocks of a current block and a number of frequencies of the intra-prediction modes of the neighbor blocks, deriving an intra-prediction mode of the current block based on the MPM list, and performing intra-prediction for the current block based on the intra-prediction mode.

Abstract: A muzzle flash simulator for use in an airsoft gun, comprising an internal passage, a detector, a controller, and multiple illuminating components. In response to a projectile passing through and away from the internal passage, the simulator will be triggered and flash multi-color lights on a projectile passage in front of the simulator. When each color light is illuminated on the moving projectile at a specific intensity at specified time periods, because of an afterimage phenomenon of the human eye, the surface of the moving projectile reflects the corresponding color and leaves a multi-layered light-trail accordingly.

Abstract: A motor stator has an annular stator core, and a plurality of tooth portions spaced on the inner surface of the annular stator core which has a slot formed on each of two sides of each of the tooth portions. Each of the tooth portions has a coil wound and a portion of the coil is located in the two slots of each of the tooth portions. Each of the coils is formed by a metal wire coiled around a bobbin several times from the inner side to the outer side. The bobbin has an inner guide frame and an outer guide frame, both of them have a structure with a bottom plate and a side plate that are arranged vertically so that the coil can be attached to the bobbin to miniaturize the motor stator.

Abstract: An image encoding/decoding method may comprise deriving at least one merge candidate of a current block, generating an initial merge candidate list of the current block by using the derived at least one merge candidate and generating a reconfigured merge candidate list by using the initial merge candidate list.

Abstract: A method and a device for encoding/decoding images are disclosed. The method for encoding images comprises the steps of: deriving a scan type of a residual signal for a current block according to whether or not the current block is a transform skip block; and applying the scan type to the residual signal for the current block, wherein the transform skip block is a block to which transform for the current block is not applied and is specified on the basis of information indicating whether or not transform for the current block is to be applied.

Abstract: An encoding method and decoding method, and a device implementing the same are provided. The encoding method obtains an intra prediction mode related to a current block from a video signal, obtains prediction samples of the current block by performing intra prediction on the current block based on the intra prediction mode, scans transform coefficients of the current block based on a scanning type of the current block, obtains dequantized transform coefficients of the current block by dequantizing the transform coefficients, obtains residual samples of the current block by performing an inverse-transform on the dequantized transform coefficients, the inverse-transform being performed in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction, reconstructs the current block using the residual samples and the prediction samples, and applies a deblocking filter on the reconstructed current block.

Abstract: A clock gating circuit includes a NOR logic gate, a transmission gate, a cross-coupled pair of transistors, and a first transistor. The NOR logic gate is coupled to a first node, and receives a first and a second enable signal, and outputs a first control signal. The transmission gate is coupled between the first and a second node, and receives the first control signal, an inverted clock input signal and a clock output signal. The cross-coupled pair of transistors is coupled between the second node and an output node, and receives at least a second control signal. The first transistor includes a first gate terminal configured to receive the inverted clock input signal, a first drain terminal coupled to the output node, and a first source terminal coupled to a reference voltage supply. The first transistor adjusts the clock output signal responsive to the inverted clock input signal.

Abstract: A light source assembly is provided, including a substrate; a light-emitting element disposed on the substrate; and an optical film at least partially overlapped with the substrate. A diffuser film is at least partially overlapped with the optical film, wherein a haze of the diffuser film is greater than 85%, and a thickness of the diffuser film ranges from 0.04 mm to 0.35 mm. The optical film and the diffuser film are capable of transmitting at least a part of light emitted from the light-emitting element.

Abstract: Systems, devices, methods, and circuits for managing status output are provided. In one aspect, a semiconductor device includes: a memory array configured to store data and a circuitry coupled to the memory array and configured to execute a read operation in the memory array and output a read packet based on a result of the execution of the read operation. The read packet includes readout data and error information associated with the readout data. The error information is indicated by at least one of an error code or one or more secure codes in the read packet.

Abstract: A digital envelope tracking (DET) supply modulator is provided. The DET supply modulator includes a switching converter, a dynamic switched-capacitor circuit and a digital control circuit. The switching converter converts an input supply voltage into an output envelope tracking (ET) voltage according to a first control signal. The dynamic switched-capacitor circuit outputs multiple supplement voltages for supplementing alternating current (AC) components of the output ET voltage by multiple stages. More particularly, the dynamic switched-capacitor circuit comprises multiple switched-capacitor cells and a selection circuit, wherein the selection circuit is coupled to the multiple switched-capacitor cells. In detail, the multiple switched-capacitor cells generate the multiple supplement voltages, respectively, and the selection circuit controls switching of each of the multiple switched-capacitor cells according to a second control signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for encoding/decoding a video. To this end, the method for decoding a video may include: generating a merge candidate list of a current block including at least one merge candidate corresponding to each of a plurality of reference picture lists; determining at least one piece of motion information by using the merge candidate list; and generating a prediction block of the current block by using the determined at least one piece of motion information.

Abstract: Structures and formation methods of a semiconductor device structure are provided. The semiconductor device structure includes a gate stack over a semiconductor substrate and a cap element over the gate stack. The cap element has an upper portion and a lower portion, and the upper portion is wider than the lower portion. The semiconductor device structure also includes a spacer element over a sidewall of the cap element and a sidewall of the gate stack.

Abstract: There is provided an image encoding/decoding method and apparatus. The image encoding method of the present invention includes: determining whether or not to apply filtering to a filtering target sample; determining a filter type on the basis of the determination; and applying filtering to the filtering target sample by using the determined filter type.

Abstract: An image decoding method according to the present invention includes reconstructing a residual block by inverse-quantizing and inverse-transforming an entropy-decoded residual block, generating a prediction block by performing intra prediction on a current block, and reconstructing an picture by adding the reconstructed residual block to the prediction block, wherein generating the prediction block includes generating a final prediction value of a prediction target pixel included in the current block based on a first prediction value of the prediction target pixel and a final correction value calculated by performing an arithmetic right shift on a two's complementary integer representation for an initial correction value of the prediction target pixel by a binary digit of 1. Accordingly, upon image encoding/decoding, computation complexity may be reduced.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an intra prediction method including: deriving neighbor prediction mode information from a left neighbor prediction mode and an upper neighbor prediction mode; deriving an intra prediction mode for a decoding target unit by using the derived neighbor prediction mode information; and performing intra prediction on the decoding target unit based on the intra prediction mode. According to exemplary embodiments of the present invention, image encoding/decoding efficiency can be improved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to image processing, and more particularly, to a video coding/decoding method using a clipped motion vector and an apparatus thereof. An embodiment of the present invention relates to a method of decoding an image. The method includes clipping a motion vector of a reference picture in a predetermined dynamic range to generate a clipped motion vector, storing the clipped motion vector in a buffer, deriving a motion vector of a coding treeblock using the motion vector stored in the buffer, and performing inter prediction decoding process using the motion vector of the coding treeblock. According to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a size of a memory required for storing motion vectors may be reduced.

Abstract: A biochar is produced by co-pyrolysing an aquatic plant enriched with heavy metals with a clay mineral, and the aquatic plants themselves have high enrichment and adsorb heavy metals in contaminated water; heavy metals are in situ adsorbed, and are coated or enriched in the biochar, therefore extending the migration time of heavy metals, which are also very stable; attapulgite and montmorillonite as clay minerals are loaded in the biochar during the preparing process; heavy metals contained in the biochar play a catalytic role, and synergy with activated attapulgite, therefore increasing the reliability of the biochar, and effectively reducing the ecological effectiveness and potential risk of heavy metals in the biochar.

Abstract: An image encoding/decoding method is provided. An image decoding method of the present invention may comprise deriving an intra-prediction mode of a current luma block, deriving an intra-prediction mode of a current chroma block based on the intra-prediction mode of the current luma block, generating a prediction block of the current chroma block based on the intra-prediction mode of the current chroma block, and the deriving of an intra-prediction mode of a current chroma block may comprise determining whether or not CCLM (Cross-Component Linear Mode) can be performed for the current chroma block.

Abstract: An alternating current control system includes a zero crossing detector, an alternating current solid state relay, a constant current driver, and a microcontroller connected to the zero crossing detector and the constant current driver. The zero crossing detector and the alternating current solid state relay are connected to an alternating current power source, a first control pin of the microcontroller receives a zero crossing detection signal outputted by the zero crossing detector, a second control pin of the microcontroller receives a switch state signal, and a third control pin of the microcontroller is connected to the constant current driver and outputs a control signal. Based on the switch state signal and the zero crossing detection signal, the microcontroller adjusts a level of the control signal and controls an electrical connection between the alternating current solid state relay and the alternating current power source.