Abstract: A method for making a liquid (e.g. water or oil)-based food ingredient, having grill flavour properties, comprises: combusting in the presence of oxygen, an intimate mixture of (i) 2-15 parts by weight smoke source and (ii) 1 part by weight flavour source, to generate smoke; and combining the smoke with a liquid carrier, yielding the food ingredient, wherein the flavour source comprises a lipid having an oleic acid content (whether free or esterified) of 20% or higher.

Abstract: A virtual camera placement system is provided which includes a user input device configured to receive user input and a display device configured to display images captured by a virtual camera. The virtual camera placement system further includes non-volatile memory configured to store instructions and a processor configured to execute the instructions to generate a three-dimensional simulation including a plurality of challenge points for a user, navigate the simulation including the challenge points in response to the user input, and control the virtual camera in the simulation differently in a plurality of camera stages based on at least the user input and an outcome of navigating one or more of the challenge points.

Abstract: Disclosed is a piston ported two-stroke compression ignition internal combustion engine comprising: a cylinder having a fixed closed end, and a piston for reciprocation within the cylinder, wherein the closed end of the cylinder and the piston together define a combustion chamber therebetween; at least one heater to heat the combustion chamber; and a controller to control the heater to heat the combustion chamber when the controller determines that a temperature of the combustion chamber has fallen below a threshold temperature during reciprocation of the piston within the cylinder.

Abstract: Food for human consumption is smoked by providing smoke, removing one or more polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the smoke and contacting the food with the treated smoke, or smoking the food and then removing the PAHs from the smoked food. PAH removal is selective, to remove the PAHs that contain 4 or more benzene rings, in particular without significantly changing the volatile profile of the smoked food. A selective filter is provided, as is apparatus comprising a smoke generator, a chamber in which to smoke food, and the selective filter, disposed between the smoke generator and the chamber.

Abstract: Food for human consumption is smoked by providing smoke, removing one or more polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the smoke and contacting the food with the treated smoke, or smoking the food and then removing the PAHs from the smoked food. PAH removal is selective, to remove the PAHs that contain 4 or more benzene rings, in particular without significantly changing the volatile profile of the smoked food. A selective filter is provided, as is apparatus comprising a smoke generator, a chamber in which to smoke food, and the selective filter, disposed between the smoke generator and the chamber.

Abstract: A virtual camera placement system is provided which includes a user input device configured to receive user input and a display device configured to display images captured by a virtual camera. The virtual camera placement system further includes non-volatile memory configured to store instructions and a processor configured to execute the instructions to generate a three-dimensional simulation including a plurality of challenge points for a user, navigate the simulation including the challenge points in response to the user input, and control the virtual camera in the simulation differently in a plurality of camera stages based on at least the user input and an outcome of navigating one or more of the challenge points.

Abstract: Disclosed is a piston ported two-stroke compression ignition internal combustion engine comprising: a cylinder having a fixed closed end, and a piston for reciprocation within the cylinder, wherein the closed end of the cylinder and the piston together define a combustion chamber therebetween; at least one heater to heat the combustion chamber; and a controller to control the heater to heat the combustion chamber when the controller determines that a temperature of the combustion chamber has fallen below a threshold temperature during reciprocation of the piston within the cylinder.

Abstract: A method for making a liquid (e.g. water or oil)-based food ingredient, having grill flavour properties, comprises: combusting in the presence of oxygen, an intimate mixture of (i) 2-15 parts by weight smoke source and (ii) 1 part by weight flavour source, to generate smoke; and combining the smoke with a liquid carrier, yielding the food ingredient, wherein the flavour source comprises a lipid having an oleic acid content (whether free or esterified) of 20% or higher.

Abstract: A method of treating a solution (e.g. comprising water and optional other components) to make smoked water for flavouring food, comprises: (i) providing a source of smoke and filtering the smoke to reduce its PAH content, (ii) providing a smoking vessel (e.g. pan) containing the solution, and (iii) introducing bubbles of filtered smoke into the solution while agitating the solution so as to break up the introduced smoke into a plurality of smaller bubbles of average diameter 2 mm or less.

Abstract: A pyrazolopyridine compound according to Formula I, able to inhibit JAK is disclosed, as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts, a solvate thereof, solvates of the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and biologically active metabolites thereof. The compound may be prepared as a pharmaceutical composition, and may be used for the treatment or prophylaxis of a variety of conditions in mammals including humans, and particularly, such conditions as may be associated with aberrant JAK activity, including by way of non-limiting example, allergy, inflammatory conditions, autoimmune diseases, proliferative diseases, transplant rejection, diseases involving impairment of cartilage turnover, congenital cartilage malformations, and/or diseases associated with hypersecretion of IL6.

Abstract: A pyrazolopyridine compound according to Formula I, able to inhibit JAK is disclosed, as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts, a solvate thereof, solvates of the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and biologically active metabolites thereof. The compound may be prepared as a pharmaceutical composition, and may be used for the treatment or prophylaxis of a variety of conditions in mammals including humans, and particularly, such conditions as may be associated with aberrant JAK activity, including by way of non-limiting example, allergy, inflammatory conditions, autoimmune diseases, proliferative diseases, transplant rejection, diseases involving impairment of cartilage turnover, congenital cartilage malformations, and/or diseases associated with hypersecretion of IL6.

Abstract: Disclosed is a piston ported two-stroke compression ignition internal combustion engine comprising: a cylinder having a fixed closed end, and a piston for reciprocation within the cylinder, wherein the closed end of the cylinder and the piston together define a combustion chamber therebetween; at least one heater to heat the combustion chamber; and a controller to control the heater to heat the combustion chamber when the controller determines that a temperature of the combustion chamber has fallen below a threshold temperature during reciprocation of the piston within the cylinder.

Abstract: A pyrazolopyridine compound according to Formula I, able to inhibit JAK is disclosed, as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts, a solvate thereof, solvates of the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and biologically active metabolites thereof. The compound may be prepared as a pharmaceutical composition, and may be used for the treatment or prophylaxis of a variety of conditions in mammals including humans, and particularly, such conditions as may be associated with aberrant JAK activity, including by way of non-limiting example, allergy, inflammatory conditions, autoimmune diseases, proliferative diseases, transplant rejection, diseases involving impairment of cartilage turnover, congenital cartilage malformations, and/or diseases associated with hypersecretion of IL6.

Abstract: Food for human consumption is smoked by providing smoke, removing one or more polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the smoke and contacting the food with the treated smoke, or smoking the food and then removing the PAHs from the smoked food. PAH removal is selective, to remove the PAHs that contain 4 or more benzene rings, in particular without significantly changing the volatile profile of the smoked food. A selective filter is provided, as is apparatus comprising a smoke generator, a chamber in which to smoke food, and the selective filter, disposed between the smoke generator and the chamber.

Abstract: A pyrazolopyridine compound according to Formula I, able to inhibit JAK is disclosed, as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts, a solvate thereof, solvates of the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and biologically active metabolites thereof. The compound may be prepared as a pharmaceutical composition, and may be used for the treatment or prophylaxis of a variety of conditions in mammals including humans, and particularly, such conditions as may be associated with aberrant JAK activity, including by way of non-limiting example, allergy, inflammatory conditions, autoimmune diseases, proliferative diseases, transplant rejection, diseases involving impairment of cartilage turnover, congenital cartilage malformations, and/or diseases associated with hypersecretion of IL6.

Abstract: A pump comprises a rotor arrangement and a stator arrangement. The stator arrangement comprises a first part made from a corrosive resistant material which defines a volume which in use is swept by the rotor arrangement for pumping fluid from an inlet to an outlet of the stator arrangement. A second part of the stator arrangement is made from a thermally conductive material which envelopes the first part so that heat generated in the first part can be transferred to the second part at the interface surface between the two parts. The second part has formed therein at least one duct for conveying a liquid coolant through the second part so that heat can be transferred from the second part to the liquid coolant for cooling the stator arrangement.

Abstract: Novel pyrrazolopyridines according to Formula I, able to inhibit JAK are disclosed, these compounds may be prepared as a pharmaceutical composition, and may be used for the prophylaxis and treatment of a variety of conditions in mammals including humans, including by way of non-limiting example, allergy, inflammatory conditions, autoimmune diseases, proliferative diseases, transplant rejection, diseases involving impairment of cartilage turnover, congenital cartilage malformations, and/or diseases associated with hypersecretion of IL6 or interferons.

Abstract: A pyrazolopyridine compound according to Formula I, able to inhibit JAK is disclosed, as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts, a solvate thereof, solvates of the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and biologically active metabolites thereof. The compound may be prepared as a pharmaceutical composition, and may be used for the treatment or prophylaxis of a variety of conditions in mammals including humans, and particularly, such conditions as may be associated with aberrant JAK activity, including by way of non-limiting example, allergy, inflammatory conditions, autoimmune diseases, proliferative diseases, transplant rejection, diseases involving impairment of cartilage turnover, congenital cartilage malformations, and/or diseases associated with hypersecretion of IL6.

Abstract: A pyrazolopyridine compound according to Formula I, able to inhibit JAK is disclosed, as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts, a solvate thereof, solvates of the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and biologically active metabolites thereof. The compound may be prepared as a pharmaceutical composition, and may be used for the treatment or prophylaxis of a variety of conditions in mammals including humans, and particularly, such conditions as may be associated with aberrant JAK activity, including by way of non-limiting example, allergy, inflammatory conditions, autoimmune diseases, proliferative diseases, transplant rejection, diseases involving impairment of cartilage turnover, congenital cartilage malformations, and/or diseases associated with hypersecretion of IL6.

Abstract: Novel pyrrazolopyridines according to Formula I, able to inhibit JAK are disclosed, these compounds may be prepared as a pharmaceutical composition, and may be used for the prophylaxis and treatment of a variety of conditions in mammals including humans, including by way of non-limiting example, allergy, inflammatory conditions, autoimmune diseases, proliferative diseases, transplant rejection, diseases involving impairment of cartilage turnover, congenital cartilage malformations, and/or diseases associated with hypersecretion of IL6 or interferons.