Abstract: A decoder, a method of decoding and systems implementing the same are disclosed. In one example, the method includes calculating syndrome values from input codewords, generating an error location polynomial about the codewords using the syndrome values, determining an error count in the codewords using the error location polynomial, and adjusting power consumption of a circuit in response to the determined error count in the codewords. In one example, a frequency of a clock signal to be provided to a search circuit may be determined based on the error count, and the clock signal may be provided having the determined frequency to a search circuit, such as a Chien search circuit.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory system is operated by providing data to be written to a nonvolatile memory, logically combining the data to be written to the nonvolatile memory with a random pattern to generate encoded data; and programming the encoded data in the nonvolatile memory.

Abstract: A method of generating interrupts and a network interface card, which minimizes the number of times that interrupts are generated, are provided. The method includes receiving data frames; estimating a first and second time delay and counting a number of received data frames; determining whether the first time delay has passed and generating an interrupt if the time reaches the first delay time, counting the number of data frames if the first time delay has not passed and generating the interrupt if the number of data frames is equal to N; determining whether the second time delay has passed if the number of data frames is not equal to N and generating the interrupt if the second time delay has passed; stopping operations of estimating the first and second time delays and counting the number of data frames in response to the interrupt generated, and transmitting the received data frames.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program for performing a frame flow control, in which a comparator may count a length of a first data frame received from a first port and compare the length to a bandwidth limit value. The apparatus may include a pause frame unit which may determine a delay time based on the comparison of the comparator, and which may generate a pause frame with the bandwidth limit value based on the delay time. A frame transmitter may be configured to transmit the pause frame to the first port. A method, apparatus and computer program for transmitting a frame may receive a pause frame having a delay time from a port and calculate an idle time based on the delay time. A frame transmitter may transmit a first data frame to the port so that transmission of the first data frame is delayed by the idle time.

Abstract: A method of generating interrupts and a network interface card, which minimizes the number of times that interrupts are generated, are provided. The method includes receiving data frames; estimating a first and second time delay and counting a number of received data frames; determining whether the first time delay has passed and generating an interrupt if the time reaches the first delay time, counting the number of data frames if the first time delay has not passed and generating the interrupt if the number of data frames is equal to N; determining whether the second time delay has passed if the number of data frames is not equal to N and generating the interrupt if the second time delay has passed; stopping operations of estimating the first and second time delays and counting the number of data frames in response to the interrupt generated, and transmitting the received data frames.