Abstract: The present invention relates generally to an atmosphere purification apparatus using a flying object and an atmosphere purification and treatment method, and more particularly to an atmosphere purification apparatus using a flying object and an atmosphere purification and treatment method that are configured to specify a contaminated location and region in the atmosphere and remove contaminants scattered in the atmosphere by using a flying object that stays within a predetermined region or circulates while adjusting an altitude. For this purpose, the atmosphere purification apparatus includes a flying object filled with a gas having a lower specific gravity than that of air therein and an air purification unit provided on one side of the flying object, and configured to remove contaminants introduced thereinto, and removes contaminants in the atmosphere within a region having a height from the ground.