Abstract: Disclosed are chamber inserts and apparatuses using the chamber inserts. A chamber insert may include a cylindrical body portion including a top end portion and a bottom end portion, a first protruding portion extending outwardly from a first portion of the cylindrical body portion, the first portion positioned circumferentially along the cylindrical body portion and a second protruding portion extending outwardly from a second portion of the cylindrical body portion, the second portion positioned circumferentially along less than all of the cylindrical body portion. In another example, the chamber insert may include a cylindrical body portion including a top end portion and a bottom end portion, the cylindrical body portion including a slit and at least one hole, the slit and the at least one hole positioned circumferentially along the cylindrical body portion and a first protruding portion extending outwardly from a first portion of the cylindrical body portion.

Abstract: In a method of forming a layer, a titanium layer and a titanium nitride layer may be successively formed on a first wafer. By-products adhered to the inside of a chamber during the formation of the titanium nitride layer may be removed from the chamber. Processes of forming the titanium layer, forming the titanium nitride layer, and removing the by-products may be repeated relative to a second wafer.

Abstract: In a method of forming a layer, a titanium layer and a titanium nitride layer may be successively formed on a first wafer. By-products adhered to the inside of a chamber during the formation of the titanium nitride layer may be removed from the chamber. Processes of forming the titanium layer, forming the titanium nitride layer, and removing the by-products may be repeated relative to a second wafer.

Abstract: A source gas-supplying unit may include a chamber for receiving a liquid source. A first pipe may extend into the chamber to dip into the liquid source. The first pipe may provide a carrier gas to bubble through the liquid source to generate a vapor source. A second pipe may be connected to the chamber. The vapor source and the carrier gas may be supplied by the second pipe to a process chamber in which a semiconductor-manufacturing process may be carried out. A blocking structure may be provided in the sealed chamber. The blocking structure may block the liquid source that may be splashed toward the second pipe due to the bubbling.