Abstract: An aspect of the present disclosure provides a bus bar as a winding in a core of a transformer includes multiple sub-bars arranged horizontally and connected in parallel so as to minimize an AC current in the transformer, and the sub-bars have different widths and thus resistances or impedances with respect to a current flowing through the sub-bars are the same. Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a method of designing a bus bar for resistance or impedance matching between multiple sub-bars included in the bus bar to share a current to minimize an AC current in the transformer. Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a transformer, for a DC-DC converter for use in a vehicle, which is manufactured by the method of designing a bus bar.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and a method for controlling a user interface having a touch screen which includes an input and output unit having a touch screen, a camera which is installed to be separated from the input and output unit, and obtains at least one of an image data corresponding to a space within a critical distance from a front of the touch screen, and a controller which verifies an expected touch position of an object when a movement of the object is detected in the space as a result of an analysis of the image data, and controls the input and output unit to enlarge and output an area corresponding to the expected touch position.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and a method for controlling a user interface having a touch screen which includes an input and output unit having a touch screen, a camera which is installed to be separated from the input and output unit, and obtains at least one of an image data corresponding to a space within a critical distance from a front of the touch screen, and a controller which verifies an expected touch position of an object when a movement of the object is detected in the space as a result of an analysis of the image data, and controls the input and output unit to enlarge and output an area corresponding to the expected touch position.

Abstract: Disclosed is a microchip for a flowcytometer. A channel is expanded around a point, on which laser beams emitted from an optical unit are focused, so that focused sample particles slow down when they pass the expanded portion. This improves the detection intensity of sample particles.

Abstract: Disclosed is a a flow cytometer for diagnosis of HIV infections. A fluorescent material having a relatively lower fluorescence intensity is conjugated with one marker and another fluorescent material having a relatively higher fluorescence intensity is conjugated with the other marker. The two markers can be sorted and counted individually and simultaneously from the fluorescence intensity difference.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for detecting and counting cell surface markers using a difference in fluorescence intensities. A fluorescent material having a relatively lower fluorescence intensity is conjugated with one marker and another fluorescent material having a relatively higher fluorescence intensity is conjugated with the other marker. The two markers can be sorted and counted individually and simultaneously from the fluorescence intensity difference.

Abstract: Disclosed is a microchip for a flowcytometer. A channel is expanded around a point, on which laser beams emitted from an optical unit are focused, so that focused sample particles slow down when they pass the expanded portion. This improves the detection intensity of sample particles.