Abstract: A method of a terminal, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, may include: requesting access to a mobile integrated access backhaul (IAB) based on cell search; receiving a tracking area (TA) update procedure stop request message from an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) of a core network; and deactivating a TA update procedure based on the TA update procedure stop request message.

Abstract: A method of an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node may include: receiving, from a target base station, one or more user equipment (UE) context setup request messages including terminal radio resource reconfiguration information; sharing context information including the terminal radio resource reconfiguration information with a source IAB-distributed unit 1 (IAB-DU1); configuring terminal reconfiguration information using the shared context information; and transmitting one or more UE context setup response messages including the terminal reconfiguration information to the target base station in response to the one or more UE context setup request messages.

Abstract: A method of an IAB node may comprise: receiving an RRC message including measurement control information from a base station; transmitting RRC reconfiguration information including the measurement control information to each of a plurality of terminals; receiving a measurement report message including a measurement report generated by each of the plurality of terminals based on the measurement control information from each of the plurality of terminals; and grouping the measurement report messages received from the plurality of terminals into a grouped message report message, and transmitting the grouped measurement report message to the base station according to a grouped measurement reporting periodicity.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a processor that converts AM-AM data and AM-PM data into complex domains for each of a plurality of different amplitudes to acquire a plurality of preprocessed data parts, converts the plurality of preprocessed data parts into a time domain to generate a plurality of filters for each of a plurality of different amplitudes, generates an output signal by performing a convolution on an input signal with the plurality of filters, and models a non-linear memory system using the input signal and the output signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to stem cell-derived mature cardiomyocytes and a cardiovascular disease model using same and, more specifically, to differentiation into mature ventricular cardiomyocytes by culturing stem cells in a medium containing FGF4 and ascorbic acid, and use of the differentiated mature ventricular cardiomyocytes as a cardiovascular disease cell model. The mature ventricular cardiomyocytes, obtained by culturing stem cells in a medium containing FGF4 and ascorbic acid and inducing the differentiation thereof, and cardiovascular disease cell model using same according to the present invention are very useful for screening for cardiovascular disease therapeutic agents and evaluation of the toxicity of new drugs.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electronic device, which includes a predistorter that predistorts an input signal based on a predistortion coefficient to generate a predistortion signal; a power amplifier that amplifies the predistortion signal to generate an output signal; an error correction unit that updates the predistortion coefficient to minimize an Normalized Mean Square Error (NMSE) between the input signal and the output signal; and an ACLR adjustment unit that operates when the NMSE is minimized, calculates an Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR) from the output signal, and updates the predistortion coefficient to minimize a cost function defined based on the ACLR.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes: a transceiver configured to transmit or receive a wireless signal; and a processor configured to: control a first detector to detect whether an object is within a first distance range, based on a transmission/reception power ratio of the wireless signal; control a second detector to detect, based on the object not being detected within the first distance range, whether the object is within a second distance range outside the first distance range, based on a chirp pulse, which is obtained by frequency-modulating the wireless signal; and control transmission power of the wireless signal, based on whether the object is detected by the first detector or the second detector.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes: a transceiver configured to transmit and receive a wireless signal; and a processor configured to: control a measurement circuit to identify a transmission/reception power ratio of the wireless signal; control a converter to transform the transmission/reception power ratio into frequency domain data; detect whether an object is adjacent the electronic device, based on the frequency domain data and an adjustable threshold; and control the transceiver based on whether the object is detected adjacent the electronic device.

Abstract: A low noise amplifier includes a first input port configured to receive a first input signal, a second input port configured to receive a second input signal, and a first amplifier stage including a first gain stage connected to the first input port and the second input port, and a first drive stage between the first gain stage and a first load circuit. The first gain stage includes a first-first gain block connected to the first input port, a first-second gain block connected to the second input port, and a first degeneration inductor between a ground terminal and a first common node of the first-first gain block and the first-second gain block. The amplifier includes a second amplifier stage including a second gain stage connected to the first input port and the second input port, and a second drive stage between the second gain stage and a second load.

Abstract: A transmitter in a wireless communication system is provided. The transmitter includes a baseband signal processor for detecting an envelope signal, a supply modulator (SM) for producing power to be supplied to a power amplifier using the detected envelope signal, and the power amplifier for receiving voltage from the SM and for amplifying power of a transmit signal. The SM generates a compensation signal corresponding to switching noise generated via switching amplification, and adds the compensation signal and the switching noise. The amplifier of the wireless communication system can produce low switching noise, and the envelope tracking power amplifier can prevent reception degradation due to the noise of the supply modulator.

Abstract: A transmitter in a wireless communication system is provided. The transmitter includes a baseband signal processor for detecting an envelope signal, a supply modulator (SM) for producing power to be supplied to a power amplifier using the detected envelope signal, and the power amplifier for receiving voltage from the SM and for amplifying power of a transmit signal. The SM generates a compensation signal corresponding to switching noise generated via switching amplification, and adds the compensation signal and the switching noise. The amplifier of the wireless communication system can produce low switching noise, and the envelope tracking power amplifier can prevent reception degradation due to the noise of the supply modulator.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for raising an output efficiency in a mobile communication terminal are provided. The apparatus includes a supply modulator and a power amplifier. The supply modulator includes a DC-DC converter, a voltage regulator, and a switching regulator. The supply modulator modulates an envelope component of an input signal to generate power. The power amplifier amplifies a phase component of the input signal using the power generated by the supply modulator as a power source of a collector/drain. The DC-DC converter raises battery power of the mobile communication terminal. The voltage regulator determines an output voltage of the supply modulator using the power raised by the DC-DC converter. The switching regulator determines an output current of the supply regulator using the battery power of the mobile communication terminal.

Abstract: An apparatus for amplifying power is provided. The apparatus includes a supply modulator for generating a supply voltage based on an amplitude component of a transmission signal, and a power amplify module for amplifying power of the transmission signal using the supply voltage, wherein the power amplify module includes a first power amplifier and a second power amplifier, and when an output power of the transmission signal is greater than a reference power, the first power amplifier amplifies the power of the transmission signal using the supply voltage, and when the output power of the transmission signal is equal to or less than the reference power, the second power amplifier amplifies the power of the transmission signal using the supply voltage.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for recognizing an electric over-stress of a hybrid supply modulator including a linear regulator and an Switching Mode Power Supplier (SMPS), and protecting a network from the electric over-stress are provided. The hybrid supply modulator includes at least one sensing unit and at least one actuator unit. The at least one sensing unit senses at least one of a current and a voltage at one or more points defined in advance within a supply modulator network. The at least one actuator unit performs a protection action corresponding to at least one electric over-stress situation represented by the sensing result.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for enhancing the whole efficiency of power amplification in a supply modulated amplifier are provided. The power amplification apparatus includes a controller, a Doherty power amplifier, and a supply modulated amplifier. The controller selects a power amplifier among the Doherty power amplifier and the supply modulated amplifier. The Doherty power amplifier amplifies a power of a transmission signal when the Doherty power amplifier is selected by the controller. The supply modulated amplifier amplifies the power of the transmission signal using a supply voltage determined considering the amplitude of the transmission signal, when the supply modulated amplifier is selected by the controller.

Abstract: A transmit apparatus having a supply modulator is provided. The apparatus includes a detector and the supply modulator. In the method, the detector detects an output signal of the supply modulator. Also, the supply modulator receives the detected output signal of the supply modulator from the detector and calibrates a modulation characteristic of the supply modulator. The transmit apparatus having a supply modulator includes a modulator/demodulator (modem) and the supply modulator. The modem provides a calibration signal for calibrating a modulation characteristic of the supply modulator, to the supply modulator. The supply modulator outputs a modulated signal in accordance with the calibrated modulation characteristic of the supply modulator based on the calibration signal from the modem.

Abstract: An apparatus for amplifying power is provided. The apparatus includes a supply modulator for generating a supply voltage based on an amplitude component of a transmission signal, and a power amplify module for amplifying power of the transmission signal using the supply voltage, wherein the power amplify module includes a first power amplifier and a second power amplifier, and when an output power of the transmission signal is greater than a reference power, the first power amplifier amplifies the power of the transmission signal using the supply voltage, and when the output power of the transmission signal is equal to or less than the reference power, the second power amplifier amplifies the power of the transmission signal using the supply voltage.

Abstract: An apparatus of a hybrid power modulator using interleaving switching is provided. The apparatus includes a linear switching unit for generating an output signal by comparing an envelope input signal and a feedback signal, an interleaving signal generator for generating an interleaving switching signal arranged not to supply the signal to input stages of P-type Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) Field Effect Transistors (FETs) and N-type MOS FETs of power cells at the same time by comparing the output signal and a reference signal, and a switching amplifying unit for determining a level of the switching signal using the interleaving switching signal. Hence, the hybrid power modulator using the interleaving switching method in the envelope signal of the wide bandwidth maintains high efficiency and high linearity. In addition, the buck converter can use the single inductor by preventing the simultaneous on/off of the power cells.

Abstract: An apparatus for amplifying power is provided. The apparatus includes a supply modulator for generating a supply voltage based on an amplitude component of a transmission signal, and a power amplify module for amplifying power of the transmission signal using the supply voltage, wherein the power amplify module includes a first power amplifier and a second power amplifier, and when an output power of the transmission signal is greater than a reference power, the first power amplifier amplifies the power of the transmission signal using the supply voltage, and when the output power of the transmission signal is equal to or less than the reference power, the second power amplifier amplifies the power of the transmission signal using the supply voltage.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for expanding an operation region in an envelope tracking power amplifier are provided. The apparatus for amplifying power of a transmission signal includes an amplitude component determination unit, a supply modulator, and a power amplify module. The amplitude component determination unit determines an amplitude component of a transmission signal. The supply modulator generates a supply voltage to be provided to the power amplify module depending on the amplitude component of the transmission signal determined by the amplitude component determination unit. The power amplify module amplifies power of the transmission signal depending on the supply voltage generated by the supply modulator.