Abstract: The invention provides a series of bi-directional aseptic volume filler cylinders, that are able to provide measured volume fillers as the piston is driven in both directions by providing an aseptic disk value which is able to direct material in the desired directions. Both sides of the chamber are able to draw material from a single passage and output material to a single passage.

Abstract: An apparatus for sterilizing containers, such as beakers, on a line of an aseptic food packaging machine has a sintered stainless steel tube (6) surrounded by an outer tube (7) which has a plurality of outlets (10). A source of hydrogen peroxide (H.sub.2 O.sub.2) (1) is vaporized by heated air (4) and passed into the sintered tube (6), from where it permeates to the outer tube (7) and via the outlets (10) to respective containers (18), to sterilize the containers. The combination of the sintered tube and outer tube serves to evenly distribute the H.sub.2 O.sub.2 vapor to evenly sterilize a row or beakers, indexed through the apparatus.

Abstract: A machine for filling cups 42 with a food product has a conveyor formed from slats 40. The machine includes a loading station 10, a sterilizing station 12, a drying station 14, a filling station 16, a gassing station 18, a sealing station 20 and an unloading station. At the sealing station 20, closures cut from foil 84 are heat sealed onto the cups 42. The foil 84 is guided to the sealing station 20 by a series of rollers including a final roller 88 positioned above the conveyor. The function of the gassing station 18 is to create an atmosphere of nitrogen in the unfilled parts of the containers. The gassing station 18 has a gassing chamber formed partly by a casing member 70 and partly by the foil 84 as it passes downwardly to the final roller 88. The upper surface of the gassing chamber is above the rotational axis of the final roller 88. Nitrogen is injected into the gassing chamber by an injection tube 82 formed from sintered stainless steel, the pores in the steel acting as injection holes.

Abstract: In a system of packaging of foodstuffs in containers of rectangular horizontal section, each open-topped container is sterilized, filled, and closed with a sterilized closure. The closure is of a laminate including a thermoplastics layer of sufficient thickness to fill an internal discontinuity of the container mouth during heat-sealing of the closure to the container. In making the closure, a portion of laminate is partially severed to form a flap and the laminate is clamped around the flap and drawn to form a shallow dish, to the inside of the base of which is heat-sealed a diaphragm including a pull tab. The thermoplastics layer is on a reflective metal layer and incorporates infrared-absorbing particles and infrared-reflective particles.

Abstract: A dispenser for a pasty or viscous product such as toothpaste is arranged to operate by peristaltic action of an actuator on a deformable member which is backed by an arcuate reaction face. The actuator is mounted for simple pivotal movement to and fro about spigots when a user-engagement member is operated by a user for dispensing and is subsequently released. An integral resilient tongue on the actuator returns the actuator and user-engagement member to their reset positions. For engaging the deformable member, the actuator has a finger portion attached by an integral hinge and arranged to adopt a rigid condition during each forward, dispensing movement of the actuator and a yielding condition during each backward, resetting movement thereof.