Abstract: A hollow fiber membrane module for use in production of a chemical substance, which is used in continuous fermentation including filtering a fermentation broth of a microorganism or a cultured cell through a hollow fiber membrane, collecting a chemical substance from a filtrate, retaining a concentrated solution in the fermentation broth or refluxing the concentrated solution, and adding a fermentation raw material to the fermentation broth, wherein a large number of hollow fiber membrane bundles are accommodated in a tubular case, at least one end part of each of the bundles is fixed on the tubular case by a hollow fiber membrane bundling member with an end face of each of the hollow fiber membranes open, and the hollow fiber membrane bundling member is made of a synthetic resin having a hardness retention rate after contact with saturated steam at 121° C. for 24 hours of 95% or more.

Abstract: The following is disclosed: (1) a membrane fractionator including a filtration section, a concentrating section, a recovery section and a liquid feed pump, wherein a flow channel connecting the filtration section, concentrating section and recovery section to each other constitutes a closed circuitry; (2) a method of biocomponent separation, characterized in that a sample derived from biocomponents is fed into an antibody adsorption membrane separation system having an antibody capable of adsorbing specified protein internally accommodated in the middle or a rear part of a membrane separation system that in the absence of antibodies adsorbing proteins, exhibits a permeation ratio between human alpha1-microglobulin and human albumin of 1.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a separation membrane in which a film-forming solution can be prevented from reaching a rear surface of a porous support in a step of forming a film, the adhesion between a functional film for separation and the porous support is high, and the thickness can be reduced. In the present invention, the separation membrane includes a porous support having a rough rear surface and a functional film for separation, and the functional film is disposed on a front surface of the porous support and extends into the porous support.

Abstract: The following is disclosed: (1) a membrane fractionator including a filtration section, a concentrating section, a recovery section and a liquid feed pump, wherein a flow channel connecting the filtration section, concentrating section and recovery section to each other constitutes a closed circuitry; (2) a method of biocomponent separation, characterized in that a sample derived from biocomponents is fed into an antibody adsorption membrane separation system having an antibody capable of adsorbing specified protein internally accommodated in the middle or a rear part of a membrane separation system that in the absence of antibodies adsorbing proteins, exhibits a permeation ratio between human alpha1-microglobulin and human albumin of 1.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a separation membrane in which a film-forming solution can be prevented from reaching a rear surface of a porous support in a step of forming a film, the adhesion between a functional film for separation and the porous support is high, and the thickness can be reduced. In the present invention, the separation membrane includes a porous support having a rough rear surface and a functional film for separation, and the functional film is disposed on a front surface of the porous support and extends into the porous support.

Abstract: In a bobbin holder 1 according to the present invention, flexible rings 3a to 3h each comprising a ring-like spring member 30, a pair of solid rings 38 fixed to both side surfaces of the paring member 30, a pair of solid rings 38 fixed to both side surfaces of the spring member 30 and rubber members 39 disposed on the inner and outer peripheries of the spring member between the solid rings, are loosely fitted between a cylindrical bobbin 23 and a rotary cylinder 2 to which the bobbin is inserted. The solid rings 38 are pressed from both side surfaces of the flexible ring, respectively, and the ring-like spring member 30 undergoes deformation in the direction of an outer diameter so as to increase its diameter. As the rubber members 39 come into close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the bobbin 23, the bobbin can be gripped. In this case, in the bobbin holder described above, the difference .delta.

Abstract: Disclosed is a filament winding apparatus comprising a winding mechanism having a pair of arms for winding traversed filamentary yarns impregnated with a resin onto a plurality of mandrels, respectively, and a mandrel retaining mechanism having mandrel receiving portions by a number of at least two times of the number of the mandrels to be set on the arms of the winding mechanism. The arms are swung between a winding position and a mandrel exchange position of the mandrel retaining mechanism. The retaining mechanism is a little moved when the mandrels are exchanged. A plurality of mandrels can be easily and efficiently exchanged at the same time without a particular device. The number of the mandrels for simultaneous filament winding can be increased and a high productivity can be obtained. Further, this apparatus can be realized at a relatively low cost.

Abstract: An ultraviolet ray measuring apparatus is provided which comprises first and second photodiodes having substantially the same spectral sensitivity at least in an ultraviolet band, and a first optical filter arranged in front of a light-receiving face of the second photodiode, for shielding only light of at least a part of the ultraviolet band. The apparatus measures the light intensity and its accumulated value in accordance with the difference between electric signals output from the first and second photodiodes. It is preferable that a second optical filter, which has a main transmitting band in the ultraviolet band and a sub-transmitting band in the visible light range, be arranged in front of the light-receiving faces of the first and second photodiode.

Abstract: The thermal shrinkage properties of yarn are measured by applying heat treatment to the yarn while it travels through a straight yarn path formed between a feed roller and a draw roller. The peripheral speed of the feed roller is set at a desired constant peripheral speed V.sub.1. The tension T of the yarn is detected at the downstream of the feed roller, and the peripheral speed of the draw roller is controlled at a speed V.sub.2 so that the detected tension T becomes equal to a desired preset tension T.sub.0 of the yarn. The thermal shrinkage S(%) is measured through the computation of S=[(V.sub.1 -V.sub.2)/V.sub.1 ].times.100. If the controlling of the peripheral speed V.sub.2 of the draw roller is effected so that V.sub.2 /V.sub.1 =a desired constant value, the detected tension of the yarn can be used for measuring the thermal shrinkage stress of the measured yarn.

Abstract: A yarn winding method is disclosed where at the step of winding yarn on bobbin, at changing a full bobbin to an empty bobbin, a running yarn is wound on an auxiliary winding roller provided separately from the bobbin, travelling of the yarn and rotation of the auxiliary winding roller are then stopped, a full bobbin is exchanged by an empty bobbin, a part of the yarn wound on the auxiliary winding roller is then taken out to form a thread line for setting the yarn to the empty bobbin, travelling of the yarn, rotation of the auxiliary roller and rotation of the empty bobbin are then started, the yarn-setting thread line is shifted toward the side of the empty bobbin to wind the running yarn onto the empty bobbin, and the normal winding operation on the empty bobbin is then started. Also an apparatus for practicing this yarn winding method is disclosed.

Abstract: Yarn is continuously supplied at constant speed to a winding apparatus having a positively driven winding spindle. The tension of the yarn is periodically detected by a force transducer located at an edge of the area covered by the traverse motion of the yarn. The force transducer generates an electrical signal related to tension. The electrical signal is compared with a pre-set desired value and the difference is fed into a controller which acts upon a regulator for varying the speed of rotation of the winding spindle. The regulator varies the speed of rotation of the winding spindle according to the output of the controller, keeping the yarn tension at the desired value throughout the winding operation.