Abstract: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (“ESR”) determinations of a patient's blood that has been combined either with blood serum from pregnant mammals or with fetal embryonic serum yield measurable results correlating well with the presence of an on-going cancer. This cancer detection method is based on differential ESR determinations and uses paired in vitro ESR tests, in which a patient's whole blood is combined with a control serum (in a control vial) comprising serum from non-pregnant mammal and with a test serum (in a test vial) comprising either fetal embryonic serum or serum from a pregnant mammal to measure differential ESR in the tested control vials. Cancer coefficient K is calculated based on the ESR measurements and is compared with a threshold value to determine whether the patient may be identified as possibly having an on-going malignancy. A kit for performing the cancer screening methodology is also provided.

Abstract: An electrohydrodynamically enhanced heat transfer system (EHD) includes an electrode completely encapsulated in an insulating material and coupled to a power supply to generate an electric field between a heat transfer surface and the encapsulated electrode when energized for interacting with the heat exchange surface and the working media to reduce frost formation on the heat transfer surface and to enhance heat transfer. The power supply may be completely encapsulated and immersed into the working media. In order to reduce accumulation of condensed liquid onto the electrode, the surface of the insulating material of the encapsulated electrode is either covered with a water repellent, or heated a few degrees above the dew point temperature of the air surrounding the heat transfer surface. The encapsulated electrode can be energized by an AC or DC electric field through a controlling switch.

Abstract: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (“ESR”) determinations of a patient's blood that has been combined either with blood serum from pregnant mammals or with fetal embryonic serum yield measurable results correlating well with the presence of an on-going cancer. This cancer detection method based on differential ESR determinations consists of paired in vitro ESR tests, separately combining a patient's whole blood with a control serum and with a test serum comprising either fetal embryonic serum or serum from a pregnant mammal, to give a cancer coefficient value that correlates with a probability of an on-going malignancy. The probability of an on-going malignancy is determined by reference to historical data correlating the cancer coefficient and the presence of ongoing cancer. A kit for performing the cancer screening methodology is also provided.

Abstract: A heat transfer assembly is disclosed which comprises at least one wall (1, 2, 3) which is adapted to separate a first fluid at a first temperature from a second fluid at a second temperature, and at least one fiber member (6, 7, 8, 9) or plurality of them, each fibre member (6, 7, 8, 9) including at least one elongate fibre which extends substantially axially along the fiber member (6, 7, 8, 9) from the first fluid through the wall (1, 2, 3) and into the second fluid whereby in use heat is transferred from the first fluid to the second fluid or vice versa, and the entire heat transfer assembly or a part of it is assembled as a single unit by sewing/weaving/stitching technique.

Abstract: A heat transfer structure includes a heat transfer module having a plurality of heat transfer members in the duct chamber with the density increased in the direction of the flow of the coolant and having a greatest density adjacent to the position of a heat source attached in thermal contact with the heat transfer module. The profile of the duct chamber is adjusted to the position of the heat source to increase the velocity of coolant directly under the heat source and to partially or completely block the coolant flow to the areas which do not need to be temperature adjusted. The heat transfer members may be formed as pin fins fabricated from springs compressed to a predetermined density in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the spring (and/or in parallel to the longitudinal axis of the heat transfer module).

Abstract: A heat transfer structure includes a heat transfer module having a plurality of heat transfer members in the duct chamber with the density increased in the direction of the flow of the coolant and having a greatest density adjacent to the position of a heat source attached in thermal contact with the heat transfer module. The profile of the duct chamber is adjusted to the position of the heat source to increase the velocity of coolant directly under the heat source and to partially or completely block the coolant flow to the areas which do not need to be temperature adjusted. The heat transfer members may be formed as pin fins fabricated from springs compressed to a predetermined density in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the spring (and/or in parallel to the longitudinal axis of the heat transfer module).

Abstract: An electrohydrodynamically enhanced heat transfer system (EHD) and method takes advantage of an electrode completely encapsulated in an insulating material and coupled to a power supply to generate an electric field between a heat transfer surface and the encapsulated electrode when energized for interacting with the heat exchange surface and the working media to reduce frost formation on the heat transfer surface, thereby enhancing heat transfer therebetween. For certain applications of the EHD enhanced heat transfer technique with the encapsulated electrode, the power supply is completely encapsulated and can be immersed into the working media. In order to reduce accumulation of condensed liquid onto the electrode, the surface of the insulating material of the encapsulated electrode is either covered with a water repellent, or heated a few degrees above the dew point temperature of the air surrounding the heat transfer surface.

Abstract: A device for separating liquid particles from an entraining gas or vapor stream. The device employs mechanical centrifugal forces to concentrate liquid droplets in a limited space for further extraction from the gas flow using an electrical field and an electrically charged collecting surface whereby the particles are attracted to and deposited on the surface for further extraction by the gas flow without reintrainment of the liquid back into the vapor stream. The device is constructed to provide an area of low gas velocity for removing the liquid from the device.

Abstract: A heat transfer assembly is disclosed which comprises at least one wall (1, 2, 3) which is adapted to separate a first fluid at a first temperature from a second fluid at a second temperature, and at least one fibre member (6, 7, 8, 9) or plurality of them, each fibre member (6, 7, 8, 9) including at least one elongate fibre which extends substantially axially along the fibre member (6, 7, 8, 9) from the first fluid through the wall (1, 2, 3) and into the second fluid whereby in use heat is transferred from the first fluid to the second fluid or vice versa, and the entire heat transfer assembly or a part of it is assembled as a single unit by sewing/weaving/stitching technique.