Abstract: Systems and methods are provided in which video information streams are encoded and transmitted with optimal utilization of constrained bit-rate channel. In accordance with one embodiment, among others, a system is provided, which includes synchronous multi-channel encoder (SMEs), a system multiplex controller (SMC), switches, and a multiplexer. In combination, these components receive an input video signal, and produce encoded video bit streams from the received input video signal. Each encoded video bit stream is substantially identical to other encoded video bit streams, but each encoded video bit stream has a different bit rate than the other encoded video bit streams. An optimal encoded video bit stream is determined from the encoded video bit streams. That optimal encoded video bit stream is selected, multiplexed, and than delivered to the output.

Abstract: A system and method are presented in which multiple packed-sum absolute differences (PSAD) are computed in response to a single instruction. One embodiment of the system comprises a first register configured to store a first operand having data elements, and a second register configured to store a second operand having data elements. Additionally, the system comprises a processor configured to perform multiple PSAD calculations between the data elements of the second operand and a first subset of data elements of the first operand. The multiple PSAD calculations are performed in response to a single instruction set. One embodiment of the method comprises the steps of receiving a single instruction, and performing multiple PSAD calculations in response to the single instruction.

Abstract: A high-resolution spatial light modulator and systems incorporating the modulator. The modulator includes an array of optically multistable reflective elements disposed on a substrate and each of the reflective elements are capable of structural change into one of a plurality of stable states wherein each of the reflective elements maintains a stable optical property. A computer selectively controls the state of the array of reflective elements to thereby cause each reflective element of the array to selectively reflect incident light such that the array of reflective elements can generate a desired holographical or optical image.

Abstract: A system and method are presented in which multiple packed-sum absolute differences (PSAD) are computed in response to a single instruction. One embodiment of the system comprises a first register configured to store a first operand having data elements, and a second register configured to store a second operand having data elements. Additionally, the system comprises a processor configured to perform multiple PSAD calculations between the data elements of the second operand and a first subset of data elements of the first operand. The multiple PSAD calculations are performed in response to a single instruction set. One embodiment of the method comprises the steps of receiving a single instruction, and performing multiple PSAD calculations in response to the single instruction.

Abstract: A method is provided for motion estimation for a set of pixel blocks (macroblocks) in a current video frame in reference to a previous video frame. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the method includes calculates a set of characteristic values for each macroblock position in the previous video frame. Preferably, the method stores these values in memory in a fashion whereby they may be easily retrieved at a later time. For example, the values may be indexably stored in a table format. The method further calculates N levels of group characteristic values for a plurality of groups, wherein each group includes multiple macroblocks. The method then estimates motion for each reference macroblock from the current video frame, by testing highest level group characteristic values calculated in the step that calculates the N levels of group characteristics. Then, the method tests the next group characteristic values, if it has not already tested the lowest group.