Patents by Inventor Igor R. Efimov
Igor R. Efimov has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 11701002Abstract: A medical apparatus for an organ has a substrate that conforms to a shape of the organ, and a plurality of processing units connected to the substrate and distributed throughout the substrate. Each of the processing units has a sensor, processing device and actuator. The sensor senses a condition of the organ and provides a sensed signal. The processing device receives the sensed signal from said sensor, analyzes the sensed signal and provides a control signal. The actuator applies an output pulse to the organ in response to the control signal from the processing device.Type: GrantFiled: February 3, 2020Date of Patent: July 18, 2023Assignee: The George Washington UniversityInventors: Gina C. Adam, Igor R. Efimov
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Publication number: 20230085578Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for an optical mapping device. The device emits different wavelengths of light from a plurality of light sources to a cardiac tissue and passes the light through a lens, a first filter cube in the path of the light with a first light filter, a second light filter, and a third light filter. Light passing through the filters is recorded by three cameras that each record an indicator of cardiac physiology, which are mapped simultaneously by the device.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 2, 2022Publication date: March 16, 2023Inventors: Sharon Ann GEORGE, Igor R. EFIMOV
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Patent number: 11571128Abstract: A system and method for mapping metabolic data of a heart. The system has a light source directing light onto the heart, one or more lenses for focusing an image of the heart, and a fluorescent detector receiving the focused image and generating transients and/or waves to map metabolic cardiac data.Type: GrantFiled: October 23, 2019Date of Patent: February 7, 2023Assignee: The George Washington UniversityInventors: Jaclyn Brennan, Igor R. Efimov
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Publication number: 20220226651Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for an electrical sensing, pacing, and ablation device comprising a bendable and stretchable balloon catheter and a bendable and stretchable first layer connected to or embedded in said balloon catheter, where the first layer has an electrode array with a plurality of electrodes. The is also a bendable and stretchable second layer connected to or embedded in the balloon catheter, and the second layer has a pressure sensor array with a plurality of pressure sensors.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 19, 2022Publication date: July 21, 2022Inventors: Igor R. Efimov, Jaclyn Ann Brennan, John A. Rogers
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Publication number: 20220133205Abstract: A method for extinguishing a cardiac arrhythmia utilizes destructive interference of the passing of the reentry wave tip of an anatomical reentry through a depolarized region created by a relatively low voltage electric field in such a way as to effectively unpin the anatomical reentry. Preferably, the relatively low voltage electric field is defined by at least one unpinning shock(s) that are lower than an expected lower limit of vulnerability as established, for example, by a defibrillation threshold test. By understanding the physics of the electric field distribution between cardiac cells, the method permits the delivery of an electric field sufficient to unpin the core of the anatomical reentry, whether the precise or estimated location of the reentry is known or unknown and without the risk of inducting ventricular fibrillation. A number of embodiments for performing the method are disclosed.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 15, 2021Publication date: May 5, 2022Applicant: Washington UniversityInventors: Igor R. Efimov, Valentin I. Krinski, Vladmir P. Nikolski
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Publication number: 20220001189Abstract: Methods and apparatus for a three-stage atrial cardioversion therapy that treats atrial arrhythmias within pain tolerance thresholds of a patient An implantable therapy generator adapted to generate and selectively deliver a three-stage atrial cardioversion therapy and at least two leads, each having at least one electrode adapted to he positioned proximate the atrium of the patient. The device is programmed for delivering a three-stage atrial cardioversion therapy via both a far-field configuration and a near-field configuration of the electrodes upon detection of an atrial arrhythmia. The three-stage atrial cardioversion therapy includes a first stage for unpinning of one or more singularities associated with an atrial arrhythmia, a second stage for anti-repinning of the one or more singularities, both of which are delivered via the far-field configuration of the electrodes, and a third stage for extinguishing of tire one or more singularities delivered via the near-field configuration of the electrodes.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 19, 2021Publication date: January 6, 2022Applicant: The Washington UniversityInventors: Igor R. EFIMOV, Wenwen LI, Ajit JANARDHAN
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Patent number: 11191474Abstract: A method for extinguishing a cardiac arrhythmia utilizes destructive interference of the passing of the reentry wave tip of an anatomical reentry through a depolarized region created by a relatively low voltage electric field in such a way as to effectively unpin the anatomical reentry. Preferably, the relatively low voltage electric field is defined by at least one unpinning shock(s) that are lower than an expected lower limit of vulnerability as established, for example, by a defibrillation threshold test. By understanding the physics of the electric field distribution between cardiac cells, the method permits the delivery of an electric field sufficient to unpin the core of the anatomical reentry, whether the precise or estimated location of the reentry is known or unknown and without the risk of inducting ventricular fibrillation. A number of embodiments for performing the method are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: December 23, 2019Date of Patent: December 7, 2021Assignee: Washington UniversityInventors: Igor R. Efimov, Valentin I. Krinski, Vladmir P. Nikolski
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Patent number: 11097120Abstract: Methods and apparatus for a three-stage atrial cardioversion therapy that treats atrial arrhythmias within pain tolerance thresholds of a patient. An implantable therapy generator adapted to generate and selectively deliver a three-stage atrial cardioversion therapy and at least two leads, each having at least one electrode adapted to be positioned proximate the atrium of the patient. The device is programmed for delivering a three-stage atrial cardioversion therapy via both a far-field configuration and a near-field configuration of the electrodes upon detection of an atrial arrhythmia. The three-stage atrial cardioversion therapy includes a first stage for unpinning of one or more singularities associated with an atrial arrhythmia, a second stage for anti-repinning of the one or more singularities, both of which are delivered via the far-field configuration of the electrodes, and a third stage for extinguishing of the one or more singularities delivered via the near-field configuration of the electrodes.Type: GrantFiled: August 6, 2019Date of Patent: August 24, 2021Assignee: The Washington UniversityInventors: Igor R. Efimov, Wenwen Li, Ajit Janardhan
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Patent number: 11083905Abstract: Methods and apparatus for a three-stage ventricular cardioversion and defibrillation therapy that treats ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation at low energy levels. An implantable therapy generator adapted to generate and selectively deliver a three-stage ventricular therapy and at least two leads operably each having at least one electrode adapted to be positioned proximate the ventricle of the patient. The device is programmed to deliver a three-stage therapy via both a far-field configuration and a near-field configuration of the electrodes upon detection of a ventricular arrhythmia. The three-stage therapy includes a first stage for unpinning of one or more singularities associated with the ventricular arrhythmia, a second stage for anti-repinning of the one or more singularities, both of which are delivered via the far-field configuration of the electrodes, and a third stage for extinguishing of the one or more singularities associated delivered via the near-field configuration of the electrodes.Type: GrantFiled: August 6, 2019Date of Patent: August 10, 2021Assignee: The Washington UniversityInventors: Igor R. Efimov, Wenwen Li, Ajit H. Janardhan
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Publication number: 20200245870Abstract: A medical apparatus for an organ has a substrate that conforms to a shape of the organ, and a plurality of processing units connected to the substrate and distributed throughout the substrate. Each of the processing units has a sensor, processing device and actuator. The sensor senses a condition of the organ and provides a sensed signal. The processing device receives the sensed signal from said sensor, analyzes the sensed signal and provides a control signal. The actuator applies an output pulse to the organ in response to the control signal from the processing device.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 3, 2020Publication date: August 6, 2020Inventors: Gina C. Adam, Igor R. Efimov
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Publication number: 20200155864Abstract: A method for extinguishing a cardiac arrhythmia utilizes destructive interference of the passing of the reentry wave tip of an anatomical reentry through a depolarized region created by a relatively low voltage electric field in such a way as to effectively unpin the anatomical reentry. Preferably, the relatively low voltage electric field is defined by at least one unpinning shock(s) that are lower than an expected lower limit of vulnerability as established, for example, by a defibrillation threshold test. By understanding the physics of the electric field distribution between cardiac cells, the method permits the delivery of an electric field sufficient to unpin the core of the anatomical reentry, whether the precise or estimated location of the reentry is known or unknown and without the risk of inducting ventricular fibrillation. A number of embodiments for performing the method are disclosed.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 23, 2019Publication date: May 21, 2020Applicant: Washington UniversityInventors: Igor R. Efimov, Valentin I. Krinski, Vladmir P. Nikolski
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Publication number: 20200129071Abstract: A system and method for mapping metabolic data of a heart. The system has a light source directing light onto the heart, one or more lenses for focusing an image of the heart, and a fluorescent detector receiving the focused image and generating transients and/or waves to map metabolic cardiac data.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 23, 2019Publication date: April 30, 2020Inventors: Jaclyn BRENNAN, Igor R. EFIMOV
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Patent number: 10549108Abstract: A method for extinguishing a cardiac arrhythmia utilizes destructive interference of the passing of the reentry wave tip of an anatomical reentry through a depolarized region created by a relatively low voltage electric field in such a way as to effectively unpin the anatomical reentry. Preferably, the relatively low voltage electric field is defined by at least one unpinning shock(s) that are lower than an expected lower limit of vulnerability as established, for example, by a defibrillation threshold test. By understanding the physics of the electric field distribution between cardiac cells, the method permits the delivery of an electric field sufficient to unpin the core of the anatomical reentry, whether the precise or estimated location of the reentry is known or unknown and without the risk of inducting ventricular fibrillation. A number of embodiments for performing the method are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: August 27, 2018Date of Patent: February 4, 2020Assignee: The Washington UniversityInventors: Igor R. Efimov, Valentin Krinski, Vladmir P. Nikolski
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Publication number: 20190376014Abstract: Systems comprising a microfluidic device are provided for maintaining and analyzing tissue slices. Methods for maintaining tissue slices in a microfluidic device are further provided.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 24, 2018Publication date: December 12, 2019Inventors: Igor R. EFIMOV, Yun QIAO, Chaoyi KANG, Zhenyu LI, Quan DONG, Baichen LI
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Publication number: 20190366109Abstract: Methods and apparatus for a three-stage atrial cardioversion therapy that treats atrial arrhythmias within pain tolerance thresholds of a patient. An implantable therapy generator adapted to generate and selectively deliver a three-stage atrial cardioversion therapy and at least two leads, each having at least one electrode adapted to be positioned proximate the atrium of the patient. The device is programmed for delivering a three-stage atrial cardioversion therapy via both a far-field configuration and a near-field configuration of the electrodes upon detection of an atrial arrhythmia. The three-stage atrial cardioversion therapy includes a first stage for unpinning of one or more singularities associated with an atrial arrhythmia, a second stage for anti-repinning of the one or more singularities, both of which are delivered via the far-field configuration of the electrodes, and a third stage for extinguishing of the one or more singularities delivered via the near-field configuration of the electrodes.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 6, 2019Publication date: December 5, 2019Applicant: The Washington UniversityInventors: Igor R. EFIMOV, Wenwen LI, Ajit JANARDHAN
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Publication number: 20190358463Abstract: Methods and apparatus for a three-stage ventricular cardioversion and defibrillation therapy that treats ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation at low energy levels. An implantable therapy generator adapted to generate and selectively deliver a three-stage ventricular therapy and at least two leads operably each having at least one electrode adapted to be positioned proximate the ventricle of the patient. The device is programmed to deliver a three-stage therapy via both a far-field configuration and a near-field configuration of the electrodes upon detection of a ventricular arrhythmia. The three-stage therapy includes a first stage for unpinning of one or more singularities associated with the ventricular arrhythmia, a second stage for anti-repinning of the one or more singularities, both of which are delivered via the far-field configuration of the electrodes, and a third stage for extinguishing of the one or more singularities associated delivered via the near-field configuration of the electrodes.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 6, 2019Publication date: November 28, 2019Applicant: The Washington UniversityInventors: Igor R. Efimov, Wenwen Li, Ajit H. Janardhan
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Patent number: 10441805Abstract: Methods and apparatus for a three-stage atrial cardioversion therapy that treats atrial arrhythmias within pain tolerance thresholds of a patient. An implantable therapy generator adapted to generate and selectively deliver a three-stage atrial cardioversion therapy and at least two leads, each having at least one electrode adapted to be positioned proximate the atrium of the patient. The device is programmed for delivering a three-stage atrial cardioversion therapy via both a far-field configuration and a near-field configuration of the electrodes upon detection of an atrial arrhythmia. The three-stage atrial cardioversion therapy includes a first stage for unpinning of one or more singularities associated with an atrial arrhythmia, a second stage for anti-repinning of the one or more singularities, both of which are delivered via the far-field configuration of the electrodes, and a third stage for extinguishing of the one or more singularities delivered via the near-field configuration of the electrodes.Type: GrantFiled: October 9, 2017Date of Patent: October 15, 2019Assignee: The Washington UniversityInventors: Igor R. Efimov, Wenwen Li, Ajit Janardhan
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Patent number: 10413741Abstract: Methods and apparatus for a three-stage ventricular cardioversion and defibrillation therapy that treats ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation at low energy levels. An implantable therapy generator adapted to generate and selectively deliver a three-stage ventricular therapy and at least two leads operably each having at least one electrode adapted to be positioned proximate the ventricle of the patient. The device is programmed to deliver a three-stage therapy via both a far-field configuration and a near-field configuration of the electrodes upon detection of a ventricular arrhythmia. The three-stage therapy includes a first stage for unpinning of one or more singularities associated with the ventricular arrhythmia, a second stage for anti-repinning of the one or more singularities, both of which are delivered via the far-field configuration of the electrodes, and a third stage for extinguishing of the one or more singularities associated delivered via the near-field configuration of the electrodes.Type: GrantFiled: September 19, 2018Date of Patent: September 17, 2019Assignee: The Washington UniversityInventors: Igor R. Efimov, Wenwen Li, Ajit H. Janardhan
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Publication number: 20190070424Abstract: A method for extinguishing a cardiac arrhythmia utilizes destructive interference of the passing of the reentry wave tip of an anatomical reentry through a depolarized region created by a relatively low voltage electric field in such a way as to effectively unpin the anatomical reentry. Preferably, the relatively low voltage electric field is defined by at least one unpinning shock(s) that are lower than an expected lower limit of vulnerability as established, for example, by a defibrillation threshold test. By understanding the physics of the electric field distribution between cardiac cells, the method permits the delivery of an electric field sufficient to unpin the core of the anatomical reentry, whether the precise or estimated location of the reentry is known or unknown and without the risk of inducting ventricular fibrillation. A number of embodiments for performing the method are disclosed.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 27, 2018Publication date: March 7, 2019Inventors: Igor R. Efimov, Valentin Krinski, Vladmir P. Nikolski
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Publication number: 20190015670Abstract: Methods and apparatus for a three-stage ventricular cardioversion and defibrillation therapy that treats ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation at low energy levels. An implantable therapy generator adapted to generate and selectively deliver a three-stage ventricular therapy and at least two leads operably each having at least one electrode adapted to be positioned proximate the ventricle of the patient. The device is programmed to deliver a three-stage therapy via both a far-field configuration and a near-field configuration of the electrodes upon detection of a ventricular arrhythmia. The three-stage therapy includes a first stage for unpinning of one or more singularities associated with the ventricular arrhythmia, a second stage for anti-repinning of the one or more singularities, both of which are delivered via the far-field configuration of the electrodes, and a third stage for extinguishing of the one or more singularities associated delivered via the near-field configuration of the electrodes.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 19, 2018Publication date: January 17, 2019Inventors: Igor R. Efimov, Wenwen Li, Ajit H. Janardhan