Abstract: In a system for controlling an engine that ignites an air-fuel mixture to generate torque, a power generator, and a secondary battery is chargeable by the power generator. An apparatus controls the engine to adjust an actual point of ignition timing of the air-fuel mixture to a desired point of the ignition timing. The apparatus causes the power generator to generate electric power based on output torque of the engine. The output torque of the engine is generated while the actual point of the ignition timing is set to the desired point of the ignition timing. The apparatus adjusts the amount of the electric power generated by the power generator while the actual point of the ignition timing of the engine is set to the desired point of the ignition timing, thus changing the output torque of the engine.

Abstract: A sensor element detects exhaust gas emitted from an internal combustion engine. A heater is supplied with electricity from a power source so as to heat the sensor element. A detection unit detects heater voltage across the heater. A degradation determination unit determines whether the heater is degraded in accordance with at least one of the heater voltage and a diagnosis value, which changes according to the heater voltage. The degradation determination unit determines whether the heater is degraded further in accordance with at least one of power-supply voltage of the power source and a driving state of an electric device, which is supplied with electricity from the power source.

Abstract: There is provided a high-strength hot rolled steel sheet excellent in phosphatability, wherein a maximum depth (Ry) of pits and bumps, existing on a surface thereof, is not less than 10 ?m, and an average interval (Sm) of the pits and the bumps is not more than 30 ?m, meeting either a requirement for a load length ratio (tp40) of the pits and the bumps on the surface at not more than 20%, or a requirement for a difference between a load length ratio (tp60) and the load length ratio (tp40), at not less than 60%, or both thereof. The high-strength hot rolled steel sheet is capable of exhibiting stable and excellent phosphatability even if Mo highly effective for reinforcement in strength is added thereto in expectation of a higher strength.

Abstract: A control device performs an automatic stop operation and an automatic restart operation of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle having a steering device, which is manipulated by a driver to steer a steering wheel of the vehicle. A prohibition unit prohibits the automatic stop operation according to transition of a steering degree of the steering device when the vehicle travels.

Abstract: A sensor element detects exhaust gas emitted from an internal combustion engine. A heater is supplied with electricity from a power source so as to heat the sensor element. A detection unit detects heater voltage across the heater. A degradation determination unit determines whether the heater is degraded in accordance with at least one of the heater voltage and a diagnosis value, which changes according to the heater voltage. The degradation determination unit determines whether the heater is degraded further in accordance with at least one of power-supply voltage of the power source and a driving state of an electric device, which is supplied with electricity from the power source.

Abstract: There is provided a high-strength hot rolled steel sheet excellent in phosphatability, wherein a maximum depth (Ry) of pits and bumps, existing on a surface thereof, is not less than 10 ?m, and an average interval (Sm) of the pits and the bumps is not more than 30 ?m, meeting either a requirement for a load length ratio (tp40) of the pits and the bumps on the surface at not more than 20%, or a requirement for a difference between a load length ratio (tp60) and the load length ratio (tp40), at not less than 60%, or both thereof. The high-strength hot rolled steel sheet is capable of exhibiting stable and excellent phosphatability even if Mo highly effective for reinforcement in strength is added thereto in expectation of a higher strength.