Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are disclosed for identifying a fault using systems and methods for a controlled dynamic MHO characteristic. Particularly, the systems and methods described herein may automatically control the dynamic expansion of the MHO characteristic based on the estimation of uncontrolled dynamic MHO expansion estimation and maximum allowable expansion set by a user. This may provide flexibility in that, the MHO can be allowed to expand to a maximum level, when the estimated MHO expansion value is below the user defined maximum allowable expansion level, but also provides a controlled dynamic MHO when the estimated values are above the maximum allowable level.

Abstract: A protection and monitoring system, device, and method for an electric power system, including a capacitor bank having multiple strings in each phase, voltage and current measuring devices, and relays to protect this capacitor bank. Each string can have multiple capacitor units and each unit can consist of multiple capacitor elements. The method may include: determining steady state operating condition using the obtained current and voltages, calculating and storing present time impedance value of each string into memory, calculating the string per unit impedance incremental quantity, detecting capacitor element failure based at least in part on this incremental quantity and calculating number of failed capacitor elements for each event, accumulating the number of failed capacitor elements, and performing a protection action when healthy capacitor elements are subject to an overvoltage limit.

Abstract: A protection and monitoring system, device, and method for an electric power system, including a capacitor bank having multiple strings in each phase, voltage and current measuring devices, and relays to protect this capacitor bank. Each string can have multiple capacitor units and each unit can consist of multiple capacitor elements. The method may include: determining steady state operating condition using the obtained current and voltages, calculating and storing present time impedance value of each string into memory, calculating the string per unit impedance incremental quantity, detecting capacitor element failure based at least in part on this incremental quantity and calculating number of failed capacitor elements for each event, accumulating the number of failed capacitor elements, and performing a protection action when healthy capacitor elements are subject to an overvoltage limit.

Abstract: Various embodiments described in this disclosure pertain to methods and systems for detecting and evaluating oscillations in an electrical power grid. The oscillations can include one or more oscillatory conditions, which can occur in one or more of five predefined frequency bands. Each of the five predefined frequency bands is categorized at least in part, by oscillations that are originated by uniquely different sources. In one embodiment, an oscillation detector can be used to detect the oscillatory condition and determine a magnitude characteristic, a phase characteristic, and/or a damping characteristic of at least one oscillation frequency that contributes to the oscillatory condition.

Abstract: Various embodiments described in this disclosure pertain to methods and systems for detecting and evaluating oscillations in an electrical power grid. The oscillations can include one or more oscillatory conditions, which can occur in one or more of five predefined frequency bands. Each of the five predefined frequency bands is categorized at least in part, by oscillations that are originated by uniquely different sources. In one embodiment, an oscillation detector can be used to detect the oscillatory condition and determine a magnitude characteristic, a phase characteristic, and/or a damping characteristic of at least one oscillation frequency that contributes to the oscillatory condition.

Abstract: An example method of operating a power distribution system including a plurality of source and tie circuit protection devices coupled between at least one source and a protection zone is disclosed. The protection zone includes a distribution bus and a plurality of feeder circuit protection devices coupled between the distribution bus and a plurality of loads. The method includes determining an electric current flowing through each source and tie circuit protection device, determining whether any of the feeder circuit protection devices is outputting a ZSI blocking signal, and controlling operation of the plurality of source and tie circuit protection devices according to an enhanced partial differential protection scheme based on a combination of the determined currents through the source and tie circuit protection devices and the determination of whether any of the feeder circuit protection devices is outputting a ZSI blocking signal.

Abstract: An electronic device configured to switchover power from a primary source to an alternate source to maintain continuity of power supplied to a load bus. The electronic device includes one or more processors configured to identify availability of the alternate source using source monitoring in order to measure and calculate a tracking frequency for controlling a variable sampling interval of the one or more processors. The processors are configured to store signal samples and associated time stamps into a variable length buffer and store new sample values and associated new time stamps into the fixed length buffer. The processors are configured to determine attributes from samples of the alternate source using the tracking frequency. The processors are configured to execute a source switchover signal when the primary source is unavailable based by comparing load bus attributes to alternate source attributes at an estimated instance of switchover.

Abstract: One embodiment describes a non-transitory tangible computer-readable medium storing a plurality of instructions executable by a processor of an electronic device in a wide area monitoring system. The instructions include instructions to receive a synchro-command from the wide area monitoring system via a network interface, in which the synchro-command is time synchronized with a global clock by a time stamp encoded on the synchro-command; accept or reject the synchro-command with an input handler based at least in part on a sender ID and a receiver ID encoded on the synchro-command; schedule execution of a control command encoded on the synchro-command with a synchro-command manager based at least in part on a scheduler time encoded on the synchro-command; and execute the control command encoded on the synchro-command with the processor based at least in part on an application ID encoded on the synchro-command.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus for providing a synchronized phasor in power system based on voltage and current measurements, sampling of the voltage and current measurements and convolving the samples with a function.

Abstract: An electronic device configured to switchover power from a primary source to an alternate source to maintain continuity of power supplied to a load bus. The electronic device includes one or more processors configured to identify availability of the alternate source using source monitoring in order to measure and calculate a tracking frequency for controlling a variable sampling interval of the one or more processors. The processors are configured to store signal samples and associated time stamps into a variable length buffer and store new sample values and associated new time stamps into the fixed length buffer. The processors are configured to determine attributes from samples of the alternate source using the tracking frequency. The processors are configured to execute a source switchover signal when the primary source is unavailable based by comparing load bus attributes to alternate source attributes at an estimated instance of switchover.

Abstract: A fault location system for a distribution network is disclosed. The fault location system includes at least one sensor and a fault location evaluation apparatus. The at least one sensor is located on the distribution network, for sensing current and dividing the distribution network into at least two regions. The fault location evaluation apparatus includes a fault region determination unit for determining which one of the at least two regions is a fault region where a fault occurs therein by calculating the sensed current from the at least one sensor.

Abstract: An example method of operating a power distribution system including a plurality of source and tie circuit protection devices coupled between at least one source and a protection zone is disclosed. The protection zone includes a distribution bus and a plurality of feeder circuit protection devices coupled between the distribution bus and a plurality of loads. The method includes determining an electric current flowing through each source and tie circuit protection device, determining whether any of the feeder circuit protection devices is outputting a ZSI blocking signal, and controlling operation of the plurality of source and tie circuit protection devices according to an enhanced partial differential protection scheme based on a combination of the determined currents through the source and tie circuit protection devices and the determination of whether any of the feeder circuit protection devices is outputting a ZSI blocking signal.

Abstract: A device includes interface circuitry. The interface circuitry receives first input signals related to measurements of characteristics of electricity passing through a first power line. The device includes filtering circuitry that filters the first input signals to generate filtered data. The device also includes a processor that estimates an oscillation frequency of the filtered data via a time-domain frequency estimation method.

Abstract: Systems configured to analyze and/or respond to faults detected during the operation of a power transmission system are disclosed. In one embodiment, a system includes at least one computing device adapted to monitor operation of a power transmission system by performing actions comprising processing operational data from a set of line phases in the power transmission system to detect a faulted line phase; opening a circuit breaker for the faulted line phase in response to detecting the fault; determining whether the fault is transient or permanent; and determining if an arc associated with the fault has been extinguished.

Abstract: One embodiment describes a non-transitory tangible computer-readable medium storing a plurality of instructions executable by a processor of an electronic device in a wide area monitoring system. The instructions include instructions to receive a synchro-command from the wide area monitoring system via a network interface, in which the synchro-command is time synchronized with a global clock by a time stamp encoded on the synchro-command; accept or reject the synchro-command with an input handler based at least in part on a sender ID and a receiver ID encoded on the synchro-command; schedule execution of a control command encoded on the synchro-command with a synchro-command manager based at least in part on a scheduler time encoded on the synchro-command; and execute the control command encoded on the synchro-command with the processor based at least in part on an application ID encoded on the synchro-command.

Abstract: A fault location system for a distribution network is disclosed. The fault location system includes at least one sensor and a fault location evaluation apparatus. The at least one sensor is located on the distribution network, for sensing current and dividing the distribution network into at least two regions. The fault location evaluation apparatus includes a fault region determination unit for determining which one of the at least two regions is a fault region where a fault occurs therein by calculating the sensed current from the at least one sensor.

Abstract: Systems configured to analyze and/or respond to faults detected during the operation of a power transmission system are disclosed. In one embodiment, a system includes: at least one computing device adapted to monitor operation of a power transmission system by performing actions comprising: processing operational data from a set of line phases in the power transmission system to detect a faulted line phase; opening a circuit breaker for the faulted line phase in response to detecting the fault; determining whether the fault is transient or permanent; and determining if an arc associated with the fault has been extinguished.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus for providing a synchronized phasor in power system based on voltage and current measurements, sampling of the voltage and current measurements and convolving the samples with a function.

Abstract: A method for compensating for communications channel delay asymmetry in a current differential protection system includes determining an apparent sampling clock offset for a communications channel, the apparent sampling clock offset between a first sampling clock and a second sampling clock configured within the current differential protection system. An apparent global positioning system (GPS) clock offset is determined for the communications channel, the apparent GPS clock offset between a plurality of GPS time stamps corresponding to the first and said second sampling clocks. A compensated clock offset is determined by subtracting the apparent GPS clock offset from the apparent sampling clock offset so as to cancel out a channel asymmetry component of deviation in the apparent GPS and sampling clock off-sets.

Abstract: A method for compensating for communications channel delay asymmetry in a current differential protection system includes determining an apparent sampling clock offset for a communications channel, the apparent sampling clock offset between a first sampling clock and a second sampling clock configured within the current differential protection system. An apparent global positioning system (GPS) clock offset is determined for the communications channel, the apparent GPS clock offset between a plurality of GPS time stamps corresponding to the first and said second sampling clocks. A compensated clock offset is determined by subtracting the apparent GPS clock offset from the apparent sampling clock offset so as to cancel out a channel asymmetry component of deviation in the apparent GPS and sampling clock off-sets.