Abstract: A reformer includes a burner that generates thermal energy, and a reforming reaction unit that is supplied with thermal energy from the burner to generate a hydrogen-rich gas from a fuel, wherein the burner includes a burner main body having first and second portions that are constructed by bending the burner main body to form bended portions and coupling the bended portions together, wherein the burner main body is disposed in an inner portion of the reforming reaction unit, and wherein a first catalyst is filled in an inner portion of the burner main body.

Abstract: A reformer, which may be configured to prevent flash back generated from a reaction part in a catalytic oxidation reaction is disclosed. The reformer may include a first reaction part having a first chamber and a first catalyst disposed inside the first chamber, the first reaction part configured to generate heat by burning a first fuel. The reformer may include a second reaction part having a second catalyst, the second reaction part configured to be heated by the first reaction part and the second reaction part further configured to reform a second fuel. The reformer may include a flash back prevention part disposed on an upstream side of a flow of the first fuel and air, the flash back prevention part configured to introduce the first fuel and the air across a predetermined interval from the first catalyst.

Abstract: An injection nozzle assembly for a fuel cell system, the injection nozzle assembly including a housing defining a fuel chamber to accommodate hydrogen-containing fuel therein and coated with a reforming catalytic layer. An inlet is provided in a first side of the housing to introduce the hydrogen-containing fuel in the fuel chamber and an outlet is provided in a second side of the housing to discharge the hydrogen-containing fuel from the fuel chamber. An injection means is provided in the fuel chamber so that noise, vibration and power consumption due to operation of a fuel pump are reduced, and transformation efficiency for producing hydrogen ions and electrons from the hydrogen-containing fuel is increased.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a stack which generates electric energy through a reaction of hydrogen and oxygen and discharges moisture generated from the reaction of the hydrogen and oxygen, a reformer which generates a reforming gas containing hydrogen through a reforming reaction using thermal energy and discharges the reforming gas along with a non-reactive fuel component, a carbon monoxide purifier which reduces a concentration of carbon oxide contained in the reforming gas through a preferential oxidation reaction of the carbon monoxide contained in the reforming gas, and a non-reactive fuel dissolution apparatus which is connected to the stack and the reformer to dissolve the non-reactive fuel component of the reforming gas with the moisture from the stack and supply the reforming gas to the carbon monoxide purifier with the non-reactive fuel component substantially removed.

Abstract: A catalyst support includes a base member, and a plurality of paths extending through the base member in a first direction from a first end of the base member to a second end of the base member. Each path has a first end at the first end of the base member and a second end at the second end of the base member, and the first ends of the paths are disposed at different intervals from a plane that is perpendicular to the first direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymer electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell, a method for manufacturing the polymer electrolyte membrane, a membrane-electrode assembly for a fuel cell including the polymer electrolyte membrane, and a fuel cell system including the membrane-electrode assembly. The polymer electrolyte membrane includes a proton-conductive polymer membrane including a polymer micelle inside a hydrophilic channel. Herein, the micelle includes a vinyl-based polymer obtained from polymerization of a vinyl-based monomer and an anionic surfactant surrounding the vinyl-based polymer.

Abstract: An evaporator and a fuel reformer having the same. The evaporator includes a wall arrangement having a circumferential wall and a bottom wall, the circumferential wall and the bottom wall defining (or surrounding) an evaporation chamber; an inlet provided at one side of the evaporation chamber; an outlet formed in the bottom wall; and a barrier at (or surrounding) the outlet and projected from the bottom wall to the inside of the evaporation chamber.

Abstract: An evaporator (e.g., a small-sized high-efficiency evaporator) and a fuel reformer having the same. The evaporator has multi-stage structure (e.g., a four-stage disk structure), in which the respective disks are filled with fin structures. The first two disks through which exhaust gas passes and the second two disks through which water passes are stacked alternately with each other. Also, the first two disks are coupled with each other by a first pipe penetrating through one of the second two disks, and the second two disks are coupled with each other by a second pipe penetrating through one of the first two disks.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymer electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell, a method for manufacturing the polymer electrolyte membrane, a membrane-electrode assembly for a fuel cell including the polymer electrolyte membrane, and a fuel cell system including the membrane-electrode assembly. The polymer electrolyte membrane includes a proton-conductive polymer membrane including a polymer micelle inside a hydrophilic channel. Herein, the micelle includes a vinyl-based polymer obtained from polymerization of a vinyl-based monomer and an anionic surfactant surrounding the vinyl-based polymer.

Abstract: A membrane-electrode assembly for a fuel cell includes a cathode and an anode facing each other, and a polymer electrolyte membrane interposed therebetween. Each of the cathode and the anode includes an electrode substrate and a catalyst layer disposed on the electrode substrate. At least one of the electrode substrate of the anode or the electrode substrate of the cathode includes a metal layer disposed thereon.

Abstract: A fuel cell system and a reformer for a fuel cell system prevents backfire and improves efficiency of heat transfer. The fuel cell system includes a reformer generating hydrogen gas from fuel including hydrogen by a catalytic chemical reaction using heat energy, and at least one electricity generating unit generating electrical energy by an electrochemical reaction between the hydrogen gas and oxygen. The reformer includes a case, a heat source, and a reforming reaction part. The case forms an external shape. The heat source is disposed in the case to generate heat energy by an oxidation reaction between fuel and a catalyst, and includes a mesh, an oxidation catalyst layer formed on a surface of the mesh, and at least one fuel injection nozzle supplying the fuel to the oxidation catalyst layer. The reforming reaction part is disposed in the case to generate hydrogen gas from fuel using the heat energy generated from the heat source.

Abstract: The electrode for a fuel cell according to one embodiment of the present invention includes an electrode substrate and a catalyst layer disposed on the electrode substrate, the catalyst layer including metal nanoparticles, a binder and a catalyst. The metal nanoparticles in the catalyst layer improve electrical conductivity, and also have catalyst activity to implement a catalytic synergetic effect so as to provide a high power fuel cell.

Abstract: A fuel cell system and a method for operating the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, a fuel cell system includes a fuel supplier, a reformer for reforming a fuel supplied from the fuel supplier into hydrogen gas by a reforming reaction, and a fuel cell stack for generating electrical energy by an electrochemical reaction between the hydrogen gas and an oxidizing agent. When the fuel cell system is to be stopped, the reforming reaction of the reformer and the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell are stopped and a portion of unreformed fuel is fed to the reformer and the fuel cell stack. Residual hydrogen is reacted and residual power from the fuel cell stack is dissipated by a power dissipation circuit. By largely removing hydrogen from the fuel cell stack on a stopped condition, reactions that are detrimental to the fuel cell membrane are reduced.

Abstract: A fuel reforming device that prevents a flash-back phenomenon includes a reforming reactor and a heater. The reforming reactor reforms a fuel, and the heater provides thermal energy to the reforming reactor by generating the thermal energy by a catalytic oxidation reaction between a catalytic layer and an oxidation reaction material. The heater includes an inflow pipe that receives the oxidation reaction material, an outflow pipe that outputs a flue gas generated by the catalytic oxidation reaction, and a flue gas retrieving pipe that connects the outflow pipe and the inflow pipe to direct the flue gas to the inflow pipe.

Abstract: A fuel cell system that effectively processes a flue gas generated from a heat source of a fuel reforming apparatus. The fuel reforming apparatus generates a reforming gas containing hydrogen through a reformation reaction of the fuel from a fuel supply, and a fuel cell main body generates electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction of the reforming gas with an oxidizing agent. The fuel reforming apparatus includes a reforming reaction part and a heat source. The reforming reaction part induces a reforming reaction in the fuel, and the heat source provides heat energy to the reforming reaction part. A flue gas postprocessor induces an oxidation-reduction reaction in a flue gas exhausted by a combustion reaction of the heat source to decrease toxic ingredients, such as CO, hydrocarbons, and NOx, in the flue gas.

Abstract: An evaporator for a fuel cell system generating steam used for a steam reforming reaction provides an evaporator including a body having an inner space formed by a hollow for allowing a flow of a fluid, and a plurality of cell barrier members dividing the inner space into a plurality of spaces and having heat conductivity. The spaces include at least one first space for allowing a flow of a flue gas and at least one second space for allowing a flow of water.

Abstract: The fuel composition for a fuel cell for a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell includes a fuel, water, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and heteropoly acid. The fuel may be a hydrocarbon fuel. The hydrogen peroxide may be present in an amount of 10 wt % to 60 wt % based on the weight of the mixture of the fuel, water, and the hydrogen peroxide. The heteropoly acid may be present in an amount of 0.0001 parts to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of a mixture of the fuel, water, and hydrogen peroxide. The fuel composition may reduce a reforming reaction temperature and also hydrogen generating efficiency and resultantly provides a high power cell.

Abstract: Fuel reforming apparatus and fuel cell systems including the same are provided. The fuel reforming apparatus includes a reactor main body; a catalyst reaction region inside the reactor main body for generating a reforming gas containing hydrogen by promoting at least a partial oxidation (POX) reaction of a reactant containing a hydrocarbon fuel and an oxidant; and a heat-insulating member inside the reactor main body surrounding the catalyst reaction region for insulating heat generated by the POX reaction.

Abstract: A membrane-electrode assembly for a fuel cell, a method of preparing the membrane-electrode assembly, and a fuel cell system including the membrane-electrode assembly are provided. The membrane-electrode assembly includes an anode and a cathode disposed opposite to each other, and a polymer electrolyte membrane interposed between the anode and the cathode. The polymer electrolyte membrane includes surface roughness, and a metal layer randomly formed on at least one side of the membrane.

Abstract: Anodes for fuel cells, membrane-electrode assemblies for fuel cells including the anodes, and fuel cell systems including the membrane-electrode assemblies are provided. The anode includes a catalyst layer including a platinum-based metal catalyst and a carbon monoxide oxidizing catalyst on a catalyst support, and an electrode substrate. The catalyst support may be selected from ThO2, CeO2, Ce2O3, MnxOy (where x ranges from 1 to 2 and y ranges from 1 to 3), Co3O4, ZrO2, TiO2, and combinations thereof. The anode for a fuel cell includes a carbon monoxide oxidizing catalyst, which increases carbon monoxide oxidation, thereby providing high activity.