Abstract: A pressure device for exerting pressure on an opening device fitted to a package of a food product pourable into a tube of packaging material, the device having a first pressure member movable between a first work position, in which it presses a first area of the opening device against the package, and a first rest position, in which it is detached from the opening device; and a second pressure member movable between a second work position, in which it presses a second area of the opening device against the package, and a second rest position, in which it is detached from the opening device; the first and second area being crosswise to each other.

Abstract: A method of separating opening devices supplied jointly in the form of a sheet and applied individually to respective packages of pourable food products involves feeding the sheet, which has a number of parallel rows of opening devices integral with one another, to a first station where a first row is detached from the rest of the sheet. The first row is fed to a second station where it is divided into individual opening devices, and a following second row of the sheet is fed to the first station as the preceding first row is being fed to the second station and/or is being at least partly divided.

Abstract: A pressure device for exerting pressure on an opening device fitted to a package of a food product pourable into a tube of packaging material, the device having a first pressure member movable between a first work position, in which it presses a first area of the opening device against the package, and a first rest position, in which it is detached from the opening device; and a second pressure member movable between a second work position, in which it presses a second area of the opening device against the package, and a second rest position, in which it is detached from the opening device; the first and second area being crosswise to each other.

Abstract: A method of separating opening devices supplied jointly in the form of a sheet and applied individually to respective packages of pourable food products involves feeding the sheet, which has a number of parallel rows of opening devices integral with one another, to a first station where a first row is detached from the rest of the sheet. The first row is fed to a second station where it is divided into individual opening devices, and a following second row of the sheet is fed to the first station as the preceding first row is being fed to the second station and/or is being at least partly divided.

Abstract: A cylinder liner support arrangement in an internal combustion engine, preferably in which the cylinder block and cylinder head are integrated in a common monobloc element and the cylinder barrels for the engine pistons have cylinder liners which have their upper portions inserted in cylinder bores in the cylinder block. The lower portions of the cylinder liners are accommodated in cylindrical apertures in a common cylinder liner support which may be made as a single element and is removably secured to a lower surface of the cylinder block. The cylinder liner support includes a number (corresponding to the number of cylinders of the engine) of mutually connected supporting sleeves which are disposed in-line, delineate the cylindrical apertures and have their sleeve walls surrounding the lower portions of the cylinder liners and providing them with lateral support. The cylinder liner support includes a mounting plate from one side of which the supporting sleeves protrude.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine with variable compression which includes a cylinder receiving section which is tiltably mounted to a crankcase section (4) of the engine, and a crankshaft (12) which is mounted in the crankcase section via crankshaft bearings (90) arranged in the lower region of the crankcase section (4). The crankshaft bearings incorporate bearing caps (102) which constitute continuous stiffening transverse connecting elements between the lower later parts (103,106) of the crankcase section. These transversely connecting bearing caps rest at their outer ends (108, 110) against internal surface areas in the lower lateral parts (104, 106) of the crankcase section on both sides of the engine. The bearing caps (12) are secured in the crankcase section (40) not only by means of vertical crankshaft bearing screws (112, 114) but also by means of screwed joints (166, 118, 120) which connect the lower lateral parts to the outer ends (108, 110) of the bearing caps.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine (10) is designed with a cylinder section (11) which is pivoted on a crankcase section (13) to provide different compression ratios. The crankcase section (13) is provided with raised lateral walls (21, 22, 24, 25) with upper surfaces (82-85), which lie in the same plane and thereby allow simple assembly of a seal (34) between the cylinder section (11) and crankcase section (13). The lateral walls (21, 22, 24, 25) also enable auxiliary devices for the engine to be easily secured without having to allow for the mobility of the cylinder section (11) relative to the crankcase section (13).

Abstract: A hydraulic pump in the form of an oil pump for a vehicle engine has both its pinion, which is driven by the engine's crankshaft, and a ring-gear, which cooperates with the pinion, incorporated in an end-cover fastened to the end of the engine block. A cap is inserted in a collar on the side of the end-cover facing away from the engine and is only held in position there by means of a locking ring, which engages with a groove in the collar and presses the cap toward the engine. Outside the oil pump, a partly socket-shaped belt pulley is mounted on the crankshaft and its socket-shaped portion substantially grips the collar. Fitting and removal are thus simplified and engine overall length reduced. Simplified sealing also reduces oil leakage risks.

Abstract: A process for increasing the feed value of lignocellulosic materials by alkali-treatment and subsequent neutralization with an acid in a closed system under circulation of the treating agents. Said treating agents are supplied or prepared during the course of the treatment at a rate essentially corresponding to the liquid uptake of the lignocellulosic material, the quantities of residual solutions resulting from the treatment being kept at a minimum. Moreover, an apparatus for carrying such process into effect.