Abstract: This invention refers to the medical field, in particular, the prediction of progression or response to treatment of a patient affected by Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC); more particularly the in vitro use of miRNA molecules isolated from the inside of circulating exosomes of a sample isolated from serum, blood or plasma obtained or isolated from a human subject.

Abstract: In the present invention a methodology has been identified for the detection of MGMT methylation in blood, serum or plasma of a human subject with high sensitivity and specificity, surpassing the techniques described so far. This methodology will allow the diagnosis and monitoring of those patients diagnosed with glioblastomas using a non-invasive method. This invention could be extended to other tumor types in which methylation of the MGMT gene was also present as a tumor marker.

Abstract: The present invention responds to the need to provide an endogenous miRNA for quantifying the amount of one or more targets miRNA in exosomes using normalization, that that does not vary within the different tumor types and within the different chemotherapeutic treatments. This is essential to be able to perform robust analysis of the expression of exosomal miRNAs in these pathologies. So far, other types of endogenous controls have been used that are not strictly exosomal, thus reducing their reliability as normalizers. Therefore, for the first time, an endogenous control specific for the exosomal compartment would be available.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the fields of medicine and cancer treatment. The invention more specifically relates to the use of a compound capable of decreasing or inhibiting, in vitro or ex vivo, the expression and/or activity of MAFG and thus increasing ROS-production and chemotherapy sensitivity, specifically in cancer cells resistant to platinum-based therapy. The present disclosure further relates to uses of such compounds, in particular to prepare a pharmaceutical composition to allow or improve the efficiency of a therapy of cancer in a subject in need thereof. The compound of the invention can indeed be advantageously used, in combination with at least one chemotherapeutic dmg, for treating cancer, for preventing cancer metastasis, increasing overall survival and/or for preventing cancer recurrence in a subject.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method to predict the response to treatment with radiotherapy combined with cisplatin-based chemotherapy in patients with cancer, preferably non-microcytic lung cancer, wherein said method is based on the detection of the presence of methylation in the IGFBP-3 gene. The present invention also relates to an in vitro method to design a customised treatment for an individual with said disease. The method of the invention may be quantitative or semi-quantitative. The present invention also relates to a probe designed for the quantitative detection of the methylation of the IGFBP-3 gene, to a kit that comprises it and to the use of the kit to predict the response of a subject to the aforementioned treatment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method to predict the response to treatment with radiotherapy combined with cisplatin-based chemotherapy in patients with cancer, preferably non-microcytic lung cancer, wherein said method is based on the detection of the presence of methylation in the IGFBP-3 gene. The present invention also relates to an in vitro method to design a customised treatment for an individual with said disease. The method of the invention may be quantitative or semi-quantitative. The present invention also relates to a probe designed for the quantitative detection of the methylation of the IGFBP-3 gene, to a kit that comprises it and to the use of the kit to predict the response of a subject to the aforementioned treatment.