Abstract: An image processing apparatus using a neural network having: an image supplying unit for supplying spatiotemporal data of a predetermined region including a target pixel of an image; and a neural network formed by coupling a plurality of artificial neuron models so as to have at least an input layer, a hidden layer, and an output layer, wherein in the output layer, an input/output converting process is executed by a linear function and data corresponding to a target pixel is outputted from the output layer.

Abstract: In a picture image reading system having a scanning system for scanning the surface of a picture image medium with light beams, an optical system for condensing the light beams transmitted through or reflected from the picture image medium and dividing the light beam into a plurality of light beams, and a plurality of density readers respectively responsive to the plurality of light beam where each density reader reads a predetermined ranges of density signals different from the ranges read by the remaining density readers, the improvement comprising a device for so establishing the density signal ranges read by the readers that adjacent density signal ranges partially overlap one another; a detecting device responsive to the density signals from the plurality of readers for detecting density signals occurring in overlapping portions where the density signal ranges of adjacent readers overlap and providing an overlap signal indicative of the occurrence; and a synthesizing device responsive to the density sign

Abstract: An apparatus for checking baggage with X-rays utilizing an X-ray source for irradiating X-rays toward an object to be checked on a conveyor with a fan-shaped beam, an X-ray detector including a plurality of detecting elements aligned along each of two arms of an L-shape arranged so that one arm extends substantially parallel and another arm extends substantially perpendicularly to a conveying surface of the conveyor means with the detecting elements providing electrical signals in proportion to intensity of the detected X-rays passed by the through the object as measured data, and a picture processor for converting the measured data into a picture signal for display on a display device. The picture processor includes a distortion correcting circuit for processing the measured data from the L-shaped X-ray detector so that the measured data corresponds to data obtained by detecting elements arranged along one straight line.

Abstract: A graphic data processor for processing two-dimensional signals or one-dimensional signals such as observed graphic data. One graphic data processor includes circuitry for effecting two-dimensional Fourier conversion of the observed graphic data signals such that components occur with respect to first through fourth image limits on the resultant two-dimensional Fourier plane; circuitry for forming processed graphic data including circuitry for nullifying all but one of the components from the first through fourth image limits and circuitry for effecting two-dimensional inverse Fourier conversion on the one component to derive the processed graphic data; circuitry for determining the phase component of the processed graphic data; and circuitry for determining the local gradient of said phase component.

Abstract: A CT scanner including a scanning device including (a) device for rotating an x-ray source around an object to be examined, the x-ray source radiating x-rays, while the x-ray source is being rotated, in the form of fan beams covering a region of the object to be examined, and (b) a multielement x-ray detector for detecting x-ray fan beams transmitted through the object to thus collect data around the irradiated object; an arithmetic device for arithmetically reconstructing the distribution of the x-ray absorption coefficients of the object across a measured cross-section from the data; and a display for displaying the distribution where the arithmetic device includes a device for producing data equivalent to data derived from parallel beams not regularly spaced apart from each other from the collected data around the irradiated object, a device for subjecting the produced data to filtering, and a device for correcting inhomogeneity in the data equivalent to data derived from parallel beams not regularly space

Abstract: In an X-ray CT apparatus including an X-ray source for irradiating X-rays to an object to be tested; a radiant ray detector for detecting the amount of X-rays transmitted through said object to be tested; a device for rotating the X-ray source and the detector about an axis to produce detection signals corresponding to the amount of transmitted X-rays; a filter for filter processing the detection signal; circuitry for back-projecting the filtering resultant to thereby reproduce a distribution image of X-ray absorption in a cross-section of the object to be tested, and a device for interpolating interpolation values into the detection signals to form expanded signals having an elongated length so that the expanded signals are used for the filter processing.

Abstract: Digital filters can be very effectively used for filtration of two-dimensional image. A special one of the digital filters operates to add together all data over a filter length, multiply the addition result by a predetermined set value, and to effect addition or subtraction between the multiplication result and data at a point of interest to be filtered. In case of the addition, the filter works as a low-pass filter. In case of the subtraction, the filter provides for a high-pass filtration. Such digital filter has such a problem that the number of additions is increased as the filter length is larger. Therefore, it is essential in the digital filters to reduce the necessary number of additions.

Abstract: An object is irradiated with respective cone-beam like X-rays from first and second directions. For each of the first and second directions are produced mask and live images as respective projection images of the object before and after a contrast medium reaches an interested part of the object. Then, subtraction of the mask image from the live image is made in conjunction with each of the first and second directions. The resulting subtraction image assumes a projection image of the distribution of the contrast medium in the interested part taken in the corresponding direction. The respective projection widths of such projection images of the contrast medium distribution are determined to generate an ellipse defined by the projection widths. The shape of this ellipse is corrected in accordance with individual data values in the projection images of the contrast medium, thereby providing a corrected shape accurately resembling the actual shape of the interested part of the object.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatically correcting image distortions by inter-image processing, which is arranged to obtain, prior to performing the inter-image processing of two two-dimensional digital images, a displacement vector between these two images, and to thereby obtain, based on this displacement vector, a corrected image of one of these two images, and to provide this corrected image for performing the inter-image processing between it and the other image.

Abstract: In the X-ray CT system, the X-ray detectors vary in output characteristics such as linearity, directivity and radiation quality from one detector to another. To make compensations for such irregularities, a plurality of phantoms of different absorption is prepared in the CT system according to the present invention. Namely, this plurality of phantoms is set one by one in the measuring space in the same manner as in the examination of an examinee or subject to be examined; the coefficient of X-ray absorption is determined for each of these phantoms. Further, theoretical values of absorption for each phantom are compared to the actual absorption measurements on each phantom to provide an absorption error value for each detector at differing absorption levels. The actual subject absorption value for each detector is used to pick the two error values closest to the actual value. The two error values are interpolated or extrapolated to find an error value for correcting the actual absorption value.

Abstract: An apparatus for axial transverse tomography using piercing radiation such as X-ray and .gamma.

Abstract: A tomographic imaging system is disclosed in which the quantity of absorption or transmittance of a transmissive radiation by or through a certain tomographic cross-section of an object under consideration is detected and the distribution of radiation absorption or transmittance in the cross-section is reconstructed through a convolution operation. A weighting function used in the convolution operation is prepared with a predetermined one of its positive orders the value of which is an integration of the weighting function from the predetermined positive order to positive infinity and a predetermined one of its negative orders the value of which is in integration of the weighting function from the predetermined negative order to negative infinity.