Abstract: A data reproducing apparatus and method is provided for reproducing data that was ciphered during recording in one or more of sector forming, header appending, error correction coding, modulation, and synchronization appending operations used for processing input data to form a recording signal. Thus, deciphering requires knowledge of both the ciphering key and the aspect(s) of the recording operation in which the ciphering took place. The deciphering may also include a descrambling operation in which an initial value and/or a generating polynomial is varied in accordance with ciphering key information.

Abstract: An input is ciphered in at least one of a sector forming circuit 13, a scrambling circuit 14, a header appendage circuit an error correction encoding circuit 16, a modulation circuit and a synchronization appendage circuit 18, used for processing input data for forming a recording signal. Not only key for ciphering itself in the circuits but also the information as to which of the circuits has been used for ciphering becomes the key for ciphering. This realizes ciphering difficult to decode by a simplified structure.

Abstract: A data transmitting method, a data recording apparatus, a data record medium and a data reproducing apparatus are provided to disallow the encryption to be easily decoded and keep the secrecy of key information higher. The data transmitting apparatus includes an error correction coding process block. In the block, an input converting circuit operates to perform a logic operation with respect to the information data from an interface circuit according to the key data. The converted information data is sent to an encoder for generating parity data. This parity data is mixed in a mixing circuit with information data before conversion. The error correction coding block operates to send the resulting data to a modulating circuit for modulating the data. The modulated data is recorded on a disk record medium.

Abstract: An input is ciphered in at least one of a sector forming circuit 13, a scrambling circuit 14, a header appendage circuit 15, an error correction encoding circuit 16, a modulation circuit 18 and a synchronization appendage circuit 18, used for processing input data for forming a recording signal. Not only the key for ciphering itself in the circuits but also the information as to which of the circuits has been used for ciphering becomes the key for ciphering. This realizes ciphering difficult to decode by a simplified structure.

Abstract: A signal recording/reproducing method and apparatus, signal record medium and signal transmission/reception method and apparatus, whereby a signal recorded on a signal record medium can be identified as being an original signal or a copied signal. A CPU 11 generates, at a pre-set time interval, an identification signal having a meaning at a pre-set time interval, and an identification signal addition circuit 3 adds the identification signal to the video signals and/or the audio signals. A sector forming circuit 5 and circuit components up to a recording/reproducing head 14 record the video signals and/or the audio signals and the ancillary identification signal on an optical disc 12.

Abstract: A web page to be accessed next is selected by cursors independently operated by a plurality of users of an user terminal to which a plurality of pointing devices such as plural mouse, data tablet or the like are connected. If a web page to be accessed next is competed among users, something adjustment such as a majority decision is applied to decide a web page. In some case, a plurality of user terminal shares the same web page, and each user terminal may be operated by more than one user using pointing devices. When competition of a web page to be accessed next occurs, decision of a web page to be accessed next is done based on either user basis or user terminal basis.

Abstract: A seat having a seat back and a seat cushion, the seat back including a first frame and a first support member stretched within the first frame, the first support member being made of a first elastic body, the first elastic body including a first section having first tension suitable for supporting a person sitting on the seat, and second sections having second tension lower than the first tension.

Abstract: A signal recording/reproducing method and apparatus, signal record medium and signal transmission/reception method and apparatus, whereby a signal recorded on a signal record medium can identified as being an original signal or a copied signal. A CPU 11 generates, at a pe-set time interval, an identification signal having a meaning at a pre-set time interval, and an identification signal addition circuit 3 adds the identification signal to the video signals and/or the audio signals. A sector forming circuit 5 and circuit components up to a recording/reproducing head 14 record the video signals and/or the audio signals and the ancillary identification signal on an optical disc 12.

Abstract: A signal transmission method applicable to prevention of modification or alteration of the playback mode information, such as copying management information or charging information. The playback mode information form a terminal 15P is data-converted for ciphering by a playback mode information appendage circuit 14 in a header appendage circuit 13 responsive to the key information from a terminal 15K and the resulting information comprised of the data and the playback mode information is outputted. The reproducing side effects data conversion on the ciphered playback mode information for deciphering, by a playback mode information detection circuit 26 in a header separation circuit 25, using the key information from a terminal 27K, for taking out the original playback mode information at a terminal 27P.

Abstract: A signal recording/reproducing method and apparatus signal record medium and signal transmission/reception method and apparatus, whereby a signal recorded on a signal record medium can be identified as being an original signal or a copied signal. A CPU 11 generates, at a pe-set time interval, an identification signal having a meaning at a pre-set time interval, and an identification signal addition circuit 3 adds the identification signal to the video signals and/or the audio signals. A sector forming circuit 5 and circuit components up to a recording/reproducing head 14 record the video signals and/or the audio signals and the ancillary identification signal on an optical disc 12.

Abstract: A signal recording/reproducing method and apparatus, signal record medium and signal transmission/reception method and apparatus, whereby a signal recorded on a signal record medium can identified as being an original signal or a copied signal. A CPU 11 generates, at a pre-set time interval, an identification signal having a meaning at a pre-set time interval, and an identification signal addition circuit 3 adds the identification signal to the video signals and/or the audio signals. A sector forming circuit 5 and circuit components up to a recording/reproducing head 14 record the video signals and/or the audio signals and the ancillary identification signal on an optical disc 12.

Abstract: An input is ciphered in at least one of a sector forming circuit 13, a scrambling circuit 14, a header appendage circuit 15, an error correction encoding circuit 16, a modulation circuit 18 and a synchronization appendage circuit 18, used for processing input data for forming a recording signal. Not only the key for ciphering itself in the circuits but also the information as to which of the circuits has been used for ciphering becomes the key for ciphering. This realizes ciphering difficult to decode by a simplified structure.

Abstract: A data recording apparatus capable of preventing easily copying of information is disclosed with which, even if information is copied, the copied information cannot be reproduced, the data recording apparatus having a terminal to which encoder ID specific for the data recording apparatus is input, a recording unit for recording at least the encoder ID on an optical disk, and an encoding circuit for, in accordance with the encoder ID, encoding data supplied through a terminal and required to be recorded so that encoded data is, together with the encoder ID, recorded on the optical disk.

Abstract: A signal recording/reproducing method and apparatus, signal record medium and signal transmission/reception method and apparatus, whereby a signal recorded on a signal record medium can be identified as being an original signal or a copied signal. A CPU 11 generates, at a pe-set time interval, an identification signal having a meaning at a pre-set time interval, and an identification signal addition circuit 3 adds the identification signal to the video signals and/or the audio signals. A sector forming circuit 5 and circuit components up to a recording/reproducing head 14 record the video signals and/or the audio signals and the ancillary identification signal on an optical disc 12.

Abstract: A seat is provided which comprises a generally quadrilateral seat frame and a seat cushion formed from a resilient sheet and provided bridging between lateral sides of, and inside, the seat frame. A cushion member is provided opposite to the resilient sheet and bridging between lateral sides of, and inside, the seat frame. The cushion member is deflectable, under the weight of a sitting person, along with the resilient sheet which mainly receives the weight of the sitting person on the seat.

Abstract: A data recording apparatus capable of preventing easily copying of information is disclosed with which, even if information is copied, the copied information cannot be reproduced, the data recording apparatus having a terminal to which encoder ID specific for the data recording apparatus is input, a recording unit for recording at least the encoder ID on an optical disk, and an encoding circuit for, in accordance with the encoder ID, encoding data supplied through a terminal and required to be recorded so that encoded data is, together with the encoder ID, recorded on the optical disk.

Abstract: A data recording apparatus capable of preventing easily copying of information is disclosed with which, even if information is copied, the copied information cannot be reproduced, the data recording apparatus having a terminal to which encoder ID specific for the data recording apparatus is input, a recording unit for recording at least the encoder ID on an optical disk, and an encoding circuit for, in accordance with the encoder ID, encoding data supply through a terminal and required to be recorded so that encoded data is, together with the encoder ID, recorded on the optical disk.

Abstract: A signal transmission method applicable to prevention of modification or alteration of the playback mode information, such as copying management information or charging information. The playback mode information form a terminal 15P is data-converted for ciphering by a playback mode information appendage circuit 14 in a header appendage circuit 13 responsive to the key information from a terminal 15K and the resulting information comprised of the data and the playback mode information is outputted. The reproducing side effects data conversion on the ciphered playback mode information for deciphering, by a playback mode information detection circuit 26 in a header separation circuit 25, using the key information from a terminal 27K, for taking out the original playback mode information at a terminal 27P.

Abstract: A data transmitting method for preventing direct copying of digital bi-level signals. When processing input digital data from an input terminal 11 by circuits 13 to 16, modulating the data by a modulation circuit 17 and appending synchronization signals by a synchronization appendage circuit 18, the synchronization signals are appended using a synchronization format which is different from the synchronization format conforming to the standard and which is usually not used. For example, the synchronization pattern different from the regular synchronization pattern may be used, or the synchronization signal may be inserted at a position different from the regular position. If attempts are made for direct copying of the digital bi-level signal having such synchronization format, synchronization may be disengaged, for example, thus obstructing and prohibiting duplication.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing digital data signals which may be used in recording/reproducing and transmitting/receiving of such signals. During recording or transmission, error correction codes are added to the digital signals and a portion of such error correction codes is replaced with other information. Such other information may provide an indication as whether the digital signals are original signals or a copy thereof. During reproduction or reception, the other information is extracted and utilized in a predetermined manner. For example, reproduced digital signals may or may not be outputted depending on whether the extracted information indicates that the digital signals are original signals or a copy thereof. As a result, unauthorized copying of signals may be discouraged or prevented. Furthermore, by replacing a portion of the error correction code with the other information, storage capacity for the digital signals and/or the rate for processing such signals may not be adversely effected.