Abstract: A detection system includes: a signal output unit configured to output, to a measurement target, a measurement signal that exhibits a predetermined temporal change; a signal measurement unit configured to measure a response signal, to the measurement signal, from the measurement target; a calculation unit configured to calculate an impulse response of the measurement target, based on a measurement result of the response signal measured by the signal measurement unit; and a detection unit configured to detect abnormality regarding the measurement target, based on the impulse response calculated by the calculation unit.

Abstract: A simple apparatus for removing deposits such as marine organisms from underwater structures by utilizing natural force such as waves tides, comprises plural floating bodies linked together. The linked floating bodies repeatedly collide with the underwater structure to remove deposits. The linked bodies can be hollow or solid. A protective cover, comprising two cup-like parts, is preferably provided on the outer circumference of each of the linked bodies. The protective cover may have bridge-like projections for enhancing removal of attached matter, and may be surrounded by a socket ring. Freely rotating collars are provided to prevent accumulation of marine organisms and the like on parts of the removal apparatus that do not directly contact the underwater structures.

Abstract: A system for removing deposits from an underwater structure comprises a series of interconnected dog members which can be formed into a ring and adjusted angularly relative to one another to conform to the underwater structure. The series of dog members is supported by floats, which allow a preassembled line of dog members to be moved into position and wrapped around an underwater structure. The free ends of the line of dog members are connected together by a pin having a latching spring which can be operated easily underwater. Multiple rings can be used, one above another. An annular net, secured to concentric rings and suspended underneath one or more deposit removal rings, catches dropped deposits. The inner one of the concentric rings can also be used as a deposit removal ring. The dogs can also be disposed in a vertical ring for removal of deposits from a horizontal underwater structure, and a suspended basket is used to catch dropped deposits.

Abstract: An adult T call leukemia associated cell strain can be obtained from a mixed culture of leukocytes of a rabbit and adult T cell leukemia associated antigen producing cells.

Abstract: An improved assay for an ATL virus antibody in a specimen, in which an ATL virus antigen is added to the test specimen and used as a comparative specimen. This improved method selectively assays ATL virus antibodies, and, thus, is useful in preventing and treating adult T cell leukemia.

Abstract: A process for producing an adult T cell leukemia associated antigen is disclosed wherein an adult T cell leukemia associated antigen producing cell is treated with a surfactant. A method for assaying adult T cell leukemia associated antibodies by enzymoimmunoassay, radioimmunoassay or passive hemagglutination is also disclosed. In this method, the adult T cell leukemia associated antigen obtained by treating the adult T cell leukemia associated antigen producing cells with a surfactant is used as the antigen in the assay procedure.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire for off-road vehicles, comprising a carcass body containing organic fiber cords and a breaker composed of at least one rubberized layer each containing reinforcing elements embedded therein and having an overall cut resistant property for all types of cuts together with an excellent separation resistant property and high abrasion resistant property is disclosed. The reinforcing element is composed of a bundle formed by merely assembling helically formed filaments together without twisting. The reinforcing element is formed of a material having a tensile strength of at least 140 Kg/mm.sup.2 and an elongation at breaking strength which is 0.15 to 1.7 times that of the organic fiber cord of the carcass body.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire for off-road vehicles comprising a reinforcing element composed of helically formed filaments and having an excellent side-cut resistant property is disclosed. The tire is provided at its side portion with a side portion reinforcing layer composed of at least one rubberized layer containing a reinforcing element embedded therein and formed of a helically formed filament or a bundle of at least two helically formed filaments assembled together without twisting at random. The filament is formed of a material having a tensile breaking strength of at least 140 kg/mm.sup.2. The reinforcing filament has an elongation at tensile breaking strength which is 0.15 to 1.7 times that of organic cord of a ply of a carcass body. The rubberized layer containing said reinforcing element embedded therein as a whole is extensible.

Abstract: A rubber reinforcing member and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed. The rubber reinforcing member is composed of rubber and a number of filamentous elements embedded therein. The filamentous element is formed of a metal or a material having a strength similar to that of the metal and has a helix on at least one end portion thereof.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire for off-road vehicles comprising a multi-layered carcass and a breaker superimposed about the carcass. The carcass is composed of rubberized ply layers each containing cords formed of organic fiber and inclined at an angle of 23.degree. to 45.degree. with respect to the equatorial line of the tire. The cords of approximately one-half of the carcass plies extend in an opposite direction to the cords associated with the remaining plies. The breaker is composed of at least one rubberized layer each containing reinforcing elements formed of a plurality of filaments whose material having a tensile strength of at least 140 Kg/mm.sup.2, the reinforcing element being inclined at an angle which is not larger than a selected angle of the carcass cord by at least 5.degree. and not smaller than the selected angle of the carcass cord by at least 15.degree.. At least one rubberized layer of the breaker disposed near the tread is extended over a width of 40 to 60% of the tread width.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire for off-road vehicles, which is highly durable under heavy load conditions is disclosed. The tire makes use as its breaker of a reinforcing element formed of material having a high cut resistant property such as steel or glass. The least possible number of those plies of a plurality of rubberized ply layers of a carcass body which extend from a crown portion of the tire through both side portions up to both bead members and which can substantially withstand internal pressure applied to the tire and external force subjected thereto is determined on the basis of a fundamental safety factor .xi. and which lies within a range of a correction safety factor .eta. which depends on the use and type of the tire and the depth of tread groove.