Abstract: Soot formation is suppressed in the preparation of hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide rich gas by arranging on at least a surface of an upper portion of a reactor a catalytic material which is active in steam reforming hydrocarbons, introducing a hydrocarbon feedstock and an oxygen-containing atmosphere into the upper portion of the reactor, partially oxidising the feedstock with oxygen in the upper portion of the reactor, and contacting a part of the partially oxidized feedstock with the reforming catalyst in the reactor upper portion.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for measurement of high temperatures of a process stream by means of a thermocouple arranged in a thermowell, wherein the thermowell is at least partly covered by a layer of a catalytic material being active in at least one endothermic reaction.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of a hydrogen and/or carbonmonoxide rich gas comprising the step of partial oxidation of a hydrocarbon feedstock with an oxygen containing reactant stream in presence of steam, wherein the steam is present in the hydrocarbon feedstock in an amount higher than in the oxygen containing reactant stream.

Abstract: Process for suppression of soot formation in the preparation of hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide rich gas by partial oxidation of a hydrocarbon feedstock, comprising the steps of in a reactor with an upper and a lower portion, arranging at least on surface of the reactor upper portion catalytic material being active in steam reforming of hydrocarbon; introducing the feedstock and an oxygen containing atmosphere into the upper portion of the reactor; partially oxidising the feedstock with oxygen in the upper portion of the reactor; and contacting a part of the partially oxidised feedstock with the reforming catalyst in the reactor upper portion.

Abstract: Swirling-flow burner with a burner tube comprising a central oxidiser supply tube and an outer concentric fuel supply tube, the oxidiser supply tube being provided with a concentric cylindrical guide body having static swirler blades and a central concentric cylindrical bore, the swirler blades extending from outer surface of the guide body to inner surface of oxidiser supply tube being concentrically arranged within space between the guide body and inner wall at lower portion of the oxidiser supply tube.

Abstract: Swirling-flow burner with a burner tube comprising a central oxidiser supply tube and an outer concentric fuel supply tube, the oxidiser supply tube being provided with a concentric cylindrical guide body having static swirler blades and a central concentric cylindrical bore, the swirler blades extending from outer surface of the guide body to inner surface of oxidiser supply tube being concentrically arranged within space between the guide body and inner wall at lower portion of the oxidiser supply tube.

Abstract: Process for preparation of a hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide rich gas by catalytic autothermal reforming of a hydrocarbon feedstock containing higher hydrocarbons in an autothermal reformer comprising the further steps of (a) passing the hydrocarbon feedstock through a reactor containing steam reforming catalyst to remove or reduce the contents of higher hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon feedstock; (b) passing the effluent from the first reactor to an autothermal reformer; and (c) withdrawing from the autothermal reformer a product gas rich in hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

Abstract: Process for the combustion of hydrocarbon fuel in a burner being exposed to corrosive atmosphere, wherein outer surface of the burner being protected by passing a non-corrosive atmosphere along the outer burner surface.

Abstract: Process for preparation of a hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide rich gas by catalytic autothermal reforming of a hydrocarbon feedstock containing higher hydrocarbons in an autothermal reformer comprising the further steps of

Abstract: Process for the soot free autothermal steam reforming of a hydrocarbon feedstock by autothermally reforming the feedstock in an autothermal reactor at a given temperature and a given steam to carbon ratio in the feedstock and operating at a pressure in the reactor being above a critical value, where no soot is present in the steam reformed feedstock.

Abstract: Method for initiating operation of an autothermal reformer including the steps of preparing a hot gas which is rich in hydrogen by contacting a methanol and steam containing feed gas with a methanation catalyst and introducing the hot gas into the autothermal reformer, thereby heating the reformer with heat contained in the hot gas to a temperature which is sufficiently high to initiate and maintain subsequent reforming reactions to be carried out in the reformer.

Abstract: A swirling-flow burner includes a burner tube and an oxidizer supply tube concentric with and spaced from the burner tube to define an annular fuel gas conduit between the tubes. A fuel gas injector is connected to the outlet end of the fuel gas conduit has a substantially U-shaped cross-section around a common axis of symmetry of the burner tube and the injector, and also has an annular outlet directed inwardly towards the axis and a gas mixing zone. A oxidizer injector is connected to the outlet end of the oxidizer supply tube and has an axis of symmetry common with the fuel gas injector. The outlet of the oxidizer injector is directed towards the gas mixing zone. A static swirler is provided in the oxidizer injector for producing a swirling movement of the oxidizer around the axis before the oxidizer is discharged from the oxidizer injector.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide rich gas comprising partial oxidation of a hydrocarbon feedstock in a reactor with an upper and a lower portion and a refractory lining attached to an inner surface of the reactor, comprising the steps of introducing the feedstock and an oxygen containing atmosphere into the upper portion of the reactor;partially oxidizing the feedstock with oxygen in the upper portion of the reactor; andcontacting a part of the partially oxidized feedstock with a reforming catalyst arranged on the refractory lining in at least the upper portion of the reactor, so that to cool the lining by endothermic reforming reactions proceeding in the partially oxidized gas on the refractory lining.

Abstract: A waste heat boiler for cooling a hot process stream includes a plurality of heat exchanging tubes within a cylindrical shell, an outlet chamber for withdrawing the cooled process stream, an insulated by-pass tube having an outlet end in the outlet chamber, and an injection nozzle in the outlet chamber for control of flow of the hot process stream through the by-bass tube by injection of a fluid into the by-pass tube outlet end.