Abstract: A method for controlling incidences of combustion in an unloaded internal combustion engine of a vehicle. The method includes, determining a load-dynamics threshold, detecting an unloaded operating state of the internal combustion engine, detecting an incidence of the load-dynamics threshold being exceeded in the unloaded operating state, and retarding the ignition timing to form a load-dynamics aiming-off allowance that prevents combustion knock.

Abstract: The method is used for controlling incidences of combustion in an unloaded internal combustion engine (10) of a vehicle.

Abstract: A method for ignition control is described in which the load gradient is determined. The load gradient is compared with a first specifiable dynamic threshold and the ignition control variable is additively retarded by application of an adaptable dynamic derivative action if the load gradient exceeds the first dynamic threshold. If the load gradient exceeds a second specifiable dynamic threshold and no knock occurs, then the output dynamic derivative action is reduced so that the ignition is advanced again.

Abstract: In the apparatus for controlling a coasting air recirculation valve of the turbocharger of an internal combustion engine, the coasting air recirculation valve is arranged in the coasting air recirculation line bypassing a compressor in the intake duct, and the coasting air recirculation valve is controllable by way of the intake duct pressure on the downstream side of the throttle valve. In order to ensure defined opening and closing of the coasting air recirculation valve, an additional control pressure, with which the coasting air recirculation valve can be opened independently of the intake duct pressure, can be delivered to the coasting air recirculation valve.

Abstract: A method for controlling knocking in internal combustion engines. According to this method, a map ignition angle is determined on the basis of detected operating parameters, to which a correction value is additively applied when knock events occur. The correction value is a function of a knock frequency.

Abstract: A method for monitoring and error detection in a device for knock detection is disclosed, in which two different diagnosis functions can be carried out in an alternating fashion. If one of the diagnosis functions gives rise to the suspicion of an error or an error correction, this diagnosis function is carried out again in order to confirm the suspicion before the other diagnosis function is carried out, wherein the renewed diagnosis is carried out at a shorter interval than usual.

Abstract: To achieve a very sturdy automatic control of the boost pressure, the integration of system deviation of the boost pressure, which is carried out by an integrator, is limited to a predefinable limiting value. Limiting value is composed of a basic value and a correction value superimposed upon it. Correction value is determined adaptively as a function of speed, a plurality of speed ranges being predefined. Adapted correction value can be increased or reduced stepwise, which mainly depends on whether the integral-action component of the manipulated variable for the boost pressure is smaller or greater than the current limiting value.

Abstract: A method for determining the ignition point in ignition systems for internal combustion engines, having integrated knock control, a basic ignition point being determined on the basis of measured operating parameters using a stored characteristic map. The knock control, after engine knock has occurred, determines a knock control ignition point, which is more retarded than the basic ignition point, the knock control ignition point, in response to knock-free combustions, being altered step-by-step so as to be more advanced. Furthermore, a torque interface is integrated, which on the basis of the operating parameters and/or the demands placed by the driver, determines a torque-optimized ignition point, and the knock control ignition point being the most advanced permissible ignition point which is issued by the control unit.

Abstract: Method of knock control in multicylinder internal combustion engines, with one knock sensor being provided for a group of cylinders, and with a control unit determining and outputting the control quantities for the ignition of the individual cylinders on a selective basis for the cylinders. At least one cylinder, preferably the cylinder(s) sensed best by the knock sensor, is/are selected as the lead cylinder. A knocking event in a lead cylinder causes a retard in the firing for all cylinders of the group, while a knocking event in one of the other cylinders causes a retard in only this one cylinder.

Abstract: A device for detecting knocking and regulating an internal combustion engine has at least one knocking sensor adapted to be assigned to a cylinder of the internal combustion engine and delivers an electrical output signal which is a function of a combustion stage in a respective cylinder. A signal evaluation unit receives the electrical output signal and has at least one preprocessing stage, a logical evaluation device formed as a device selected from a fuzzy logic device and at least one neuronic network, and a microprocessor making a connection within the signal evaluation unit. The preprocessing stage includes an element for extracting characteristic features from the output signal of the knocking sensor so that individual values are selected from an output signal of the signal preprocessing stage to form at least one signal vector which is fed to the neuronic network as an input vector which forms decision criteria making possible a statement regarding a presence of knocking.

Abstract: A process for adaptive knock control for an internal combustion engine serves to retard the firing angle of an internal combustion engine when knocking occurs and then to advance the firing angle again. At the same time, the operation of the internal combustion engine is subdivided into various operating ranges; on leaving an operating range, a value is always saved as a retardation of the firing angle determined during operation in this range, and when starting up again in this range with load dynamics and/or speed dynamics also occurring at the same time, this saved value is output as the starting value for operation in this new operating range.

Abstract: A method for detecting knocking provides for weighting or limitation of the knocking threshold. For this purpose, on the one hand a normal range of the reference level is defined and in the case of a deviation from this normal range the knocking threshold is multiplied by a weighting factor less than 1 and, alternatively, the knocking threshold is limited when a prescribable limit value is reached.

Abstract: A system for controlling the charging of an internal combustion engine contains an integral controller. If appropriate, a proportional controller and/or a differential controller may also be present. The integration, carried out by the integral controller, of the control error is limited to a prescribable limit value in order to avoid severe overshoots. Various limit values for steady-state operating states and for dynamic operating states can be prescribed. The dynamic limit value can be provided with corrections as a function of characteristic operating variables and with an adaptive correction and can be additionally increased by a safety interval.

Abstract: A method for the adaptive knock control of an internal combustion engine serves for shifting the ignition angle of an internal combustion engine in the retard direction when knocking occurs and for subsequently carrying out a return of the ignition angle in the advance direction. At the same time, the internal combustion engine is to have sub-divided operating ranges, and a value of an ignition-angle retard, determined in a range during operation, is always stored when this range is left. At the same time, in particular an average of all the ignition angles outputted in a range or a retard value plotted by a digital low-pass filter is to be stored.

Abstract: In a system for the closed-loop control of the supercharging of an internal-combustion engine, a manipulated variable is produced by means of a controller in dependence upon the deviation between a desired supercharging and an actual supercharging. With this manipulated variable, a final controlling element is triggered, which influences the supercharging of the internal-combustion engine. The controller parameters of the controller are repeatedly optimized. To this end, a model for the internal-combustion engine is specified, inclusive of a charging device, and the model parameters are determined from the manipulated variable and the actual supercharging. Controller parameters are determined from the model parameters and relayed to the controller. Moreover, in certain operating states, the controller parameters are stored in start-up characteristic maps. The start-up characteristic maps supply the initial values for the controller parameters each time the closed-loop control is activated.

Abstract: A device for detecting faults in conjunction with the detection of knocking in an internal combustion engine is disclosed, in which device the sensor output signals are compared with an engine speed-dependent, normalized reference level in order to detect knocking. As a function of the comparison result, knocking is detected and, when knocking is detected, knocking-preventing measures are initiated. So that the internal combustion engine does not erroneously go into unacceptable operating states when a knocking sensor or the associated evaluation circuit is operating incorrectly, continuous detection of faults takes place, during which it is tested whether the normalized reference level lies within a permitted range which is formed as a function of engine speed, this range being either the permitted, normalized reference level band or a range between an engine speed-dependent upper limit value (UGO) and an engine speed-dependent lower limit value (UGU).

Abstract: A protection system for a pressure-charged (supercharged) combustion engine. In normal operation, the pressure-charging is controlled and/or regulated to a specifiable desired setpoint value P Setpoint. For the case of over-boosting of the internal combustion engine, various protective measures are provided, which are used in dependence upon the extent of over-boosting. In the case of a first protective measure, the control and/or regulation of the pressure-charging is switched off, and a final controlling element, which influences the pressure-charging, is adjusted to a predeterminable position. In the case of a second protective measure, the fuel metering to individual cylinders is interrupted in accordance with a predetermined skip pattern. If it is not possible to achieve an adequate reduction in the pressure-charging by this means, the system switches successively to further skip patterns with a higher skip frequency.

Abstract: A system for automatically controlling the supercharging of an internal combustion engine by controlling a variable parameter signal, such as pressure, air quantity, or air mass which characterizes the status of the internal combustion engine supercharging operation. The system includes a closed-loop control system. To optimize supercharging performance the response characteristic of the control system is determined as a function of the rotational frequency of the internal combustion engine and an operating parameter signal which characterizes the dynamic output response of the internal combustion engine and of the supercharger. In the case of large system deviations, the operating parameter signal is derived from the actual measured value of the control variable.