Abstract: Microwave-induced plasma for continuous, real time trace element monitoring under harsh and variable conditions. The sensor includes a source of high power microwave energy and a shorted waveguide made of a microwave conductive, refractory material communicating with the source of the microwave energy to generate a plasma. The high power waveguide is constructed to be robust in a hot, hostile environment. It includes an aperture for the passage of gases to be analyzed and a spectrometer is connected to receive light from the plasma. Provision is made for real time in situ calibration. The spectrometer disperses the light, which is then analyzed by a computer. The sensor is capable of making continuous, real time quantitative measurements of desired elements, such as the heavy metals lead and mercury.

Abstract: Electric arc furnace and method suitable for use in the decomposition of hazardous materials such as polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) and the like. The furnace has an electrically conductive hearth which is connected electrically to the bottom wall of the furnace shell. The arc producing potential is applied to the upper portions of a central electrode and the outer shell of the furnace, and the arc current flows in a coaxial manner in the central electrode and the side wall of the outer shell. The electrical connection between the hearth and the bottom wall of the outer shell is made by a plurality of electrode plates which extend upwardly from the bottom wall into the hearth. The electrode plates are arranged in a circular pattern of slightly greater diameter than the lower tip of the electrode, and the arc has a radial field component which causes it to rotate about the lower tip of the electrode.

Abstract: An underground electrode adapted for ground conduction of electric current in an environment of saline and oleaginous fluids and under high hydrostatic pressure comprises a hollow tubular electrode having a cable terminal at its upper end and affixed to the lower end of an insulating cable conduit. A fluid supply conduit surrounding the cable conduit supports a permeable enclosing basket which surrounds the electrode and controls flow of fluid electrolyte over its surface.

Abstract: A cable splice for joining together two or more sections of high voltage cable employs for its primary insulation a rigid, closed-cell foam having a thick integral skin bordering all the external surfaces of the foam and located in regions of the splice where electrical stresses are the highest. The skin has an average density greater than 40 pounds per cubic foot in its outer one-sixteenth inch.