Abstract: An air temperature sensor and an infrared sensor are used along with an outside temperature sensor to control an HVAC system. During vehicle operation the IR sensor views an occupant seating area and realistically determines the thermal comfort level and the air temperature adds stability to that determination to control the air output. For dual zone systems two IR sensors separately monitor the two zones for accurate control of each zone air output. When the vehicle is not operating, the internal temperature is monitored and compared to a threshold and to outside temperature to turn on ventilation for limiting the internal temperature, subject to sufficient battery voltage.

Abstract: A reciprocating piston electrical motor includes at least one nonmagnetic cylinder housing forming a piston chamber wherein a magnetic piston is freely slidably mounted. Spaced separate coils of wire are wrapped about respective ends of the cylinder housing leaving the intermediate length of the cylinder free of windings. One end of a piston rod is rigidly attached to the magnetic piston and the other end is rotatably attached to a crankshaft. The crankshaft is rotatably secured to a mounting base while the end of the cylinder housing away from the crankshaft is pivotally mounted to the mounting base. Means are provided for supplying electrical power to the coils to cause movement of the magnetic piston first to one end of the piston chamber and then to the other.