Abstract: In a pulsed gas laser, pulses of electrical or other energy are desirably converted in part into pulses of quantum mechanical pumping of the lasable gas, and unavoidably converted in part into pulses of heating of the lasable gas. According to this invention, efficiency and economy of operation are enhanced by exploiting the pulses of heating to propel and recirculate the gas through cooling means to freshen it thermally for further cycles of lasing, utilizing a structure comprising an acoustically tuned duct and an acoustic diode to establish proper phasing and direction of the pulsed and recirculating operation. The invention, although applicable to other gas lasers, is particularly applicable to electron beam ionized, electrical current sustained lasers. The invention reduces if not eliminates the cost, bulk and other disadvantages of a mechanical pump or other conventional recirculation equipment.

Abstract: A high pressure, high power, continuous wave electro-dynamic laser having one of the electrodes (preferably the cathode) made of a porous conductive surface and a backing material capable of broad band acoustic absorption. Such an arrangement effectively absorbs acoustic disturbances which arises primarily from a linear instability within the resonant cavity of the electro-dynamic laser and thereby substantially reduces output flux modulations within the resonant cavity.

Abstract: This invention is directed towards a scalable X-ray laser comprising means for providing an active medium of lithium-like atoms or ions, means for producing in the active medium a population of low density ions in an excited intermediate metastable state and a visible or near infrared laser to stimulate X-ray lasing by resonant or non-resonant antistokes Raman process to the ground state of the ions. The irradiation of the ions by the laser provides phased or traveling wave excitation which produces the desired directivity. Production of the metastable state is provided by directing energy from a suitable source, such as a high power short pulse laser beam, onto a target material and causing it to radiate as a black body, filtering this radiation to derive radiation in the soft X-ray region, and directing this filtered radiation into the lithium-like vapor.

Abstract: Improved electron beam driven gas laser method and apparatus with the achievement of high single pulse energies therefore enabled by establishment of a magnetic field in a direction substantially parallel to the desired direction of electron beam propagation into a gas. The applied magnetic field is made substantially uniform and sized to exceed that of the self induced magnetic field of the current established by the electron beam, alone or in combination with a discharge current (optionally) established in the gas.

Abstract: Apparatus for and method of operating a laser wherein a discharge is produced preferably in a high pressure lasing gaseous mixture comprising at least one suitable first gaseous species capable of providing an excited state which has a finite probability of being ionized and a molecular second gaseous species having a capability for attaching electrons to form negative ions. The gaseous mixture may, for example, comprise argon, neon, helium, xenon, krypton or a metal vapor such as mercury as the first species and, for example, hydrogen iodide, carbon tetrachloride, bromine, iodine or fluorine as the second species. A buffer gas such as, for example, argon, helium or neon may also be used. The discharge is produced by means of an electron beam and an electric field. The discharge resulting from the application of the electric field heats secondary electrons produced by the electron beam to an energy level sufficient to make excited states.