Abstract: A non invasive method for determining the blood coagulation status of a human or an animal is described. F1+2, F1, F2, FpA, D-dimers, F1+2 combined with F1, or F1+2 combined with F2 are measured in saliva, sputum and related biological samples. The respective concentrations are inversely correlated to the time it takes blood to coagulate and the probability of bleeding, and directly correlated to the probability of in-vivo formation of a thrombus or emboli. The method can be used in any coagulation disorder study, including congenital, acquired or drug-induced.

Abstract: The present invention resides in an apparatus for removing chloride ions from a reinforced concrete structure. The apparatus comprises an integrated anode assembly which includes an anode and an electrolyte, the anode being immersed in the electrolyte. The integrated anode assembly is flexible and conformable to the surface configuration of the concrete structure to which it is applied. Means are provided for removably adhering the integrated anode assembly to the concrete structure, conformed to said surface configuration, and for establishing an electric current between said anode and the reinforcement of said concrete structure.